静电纺尼龙6/66纤维毡的湿热处理及其结构与性能

通过静电纺丝制备的尼龙6/66共聚物纳米纤维毡在水中的结构和尺寸稳定性差,这阻碍了产品的实际应用.本文探讨了湿热后处理对纤维的结晶结构和纤维毡的力学性能以及尺寸稳定性的影响.研究发现:经过润湿的试样,在90℃下加热,随着热处理时间的延长,纤维的结晶度增加;热定型时间超过15分钟后,试样的尺寸基本稳定,力学性能也得到了很大改善.     

Multifunctional Electrospun Nanofibers for Enhancing Localized Cancer Treatment

Localized cancer treatment is one of the most effective strategies in clinical destruction of solid tumors at early stages as it can minimize the side effects of cancer therapeutics. Electrospun nanofibers have been demonstrated as a promising implantable platform in localized cancer treatment, enabling the on‐site delivery of therapeutic components and minimizing side effects to normal tissues. This Review discusses the recent cutting‐edge research with regard to electrospun nanofibers used for various therapeutic approaches, including gene therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, thermal therapy, and combination therapy, in enhancing localized cancer treatment. Furthermore, it extensively analyzes the current challenges and potential breakthroughs in utilizing this novel platform for clinical transition in localized cancer treatment.     

PLGA/TSF静电纺纳米纤维的仿生矿化及生物相容性

利用静电纺丝和模拟体液仿生矿化技术制备了聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物/柞蚕丝素/羟基磷灰石((PLGA/TSF/HA)骨组织工程复合支架。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射测试(XRD)和热重分析(TG)对复合纳米纤维的形貌结构进行了表征。此外,在复合纳米纤维支架材料上接种人骨髓间充质干细胞(hMSCs),通过四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝比色(Four methyl azo thiazole blue colorimetric,MTT)法,观察细胞在材料表面的生长情况评价纳米纤维的生物相容性。结果显示,PLGA/TSF纳米纤维毡具有精细的三维结构,纤维直径分布均匀,表面光滑。矿化后HA颗粒均匀地分布在PLGA/TSF纳米纤维表面,矿物含量约占63%。与PLGA/TSF纳米纤维支架相比,PLGA/TSF/HA纳米纤维支架的亲水性、生物相容性都得到显著提高。     

Ferromagnetism in Electrospun Co-doped SrTiO3 Nanofibers

By employing electrospinning technique, subsequent calcination in air and annealing process in hydrogen, uniform Co-doped SrTiO₃ nanofibers with concentrations of Co between 0 and 0.20 were successfully produced. Their morphologies and detailed structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. And, the chemical states of Co were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was shown that, after calcination, Co²⁺ was well incorporated into the perovskite structure of SrTiO₃, and the nanofibers possessed smooth surface with diameters of 50–100 nm. Magnetic properties of the hydrogen-annealed and -unannealed nanofibers were both measured by physical property measurement system from 50 to 300 K. It was explored that the Co addition and the hydrogen annealing process were both very important to the generation of the observed ferromagnetism in SrTi_1−x Co _x O₃:H₂ nanofibers. In hydrogen-annealed SrTi_0.80Co_0.20O₃:H₂ nanofibers, a saturation magnetization of 0.74 emu/g and an average moment of 0.122 μ_B/Co were obtained. The origins of the enhanced ferromagnetism in SrTi_1−x Co _x O₃:H₂ nanofibers were analyzed according to the chemical state of Co and the mediation of oxygen vacancies.     

静电纺丝法制备氧化锰纳米丝电极及其电化学性能

利用静电纺丝技术成功制备了φ60～80nm的氧化锰纳米纤维丝,并构建了三维纳米丝网状结构电极,应用于锂离子二次电池. 使用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、循环伏安和电池充放电等研究手段,表征了纳米纤维丝的结构和电化学性能. 研究结果发现:氧化锰构建的纳米丝在嵌锂和脱锂的过程中没有出现纳米纤维丝的结构塌陷问题,在高能量密度下表现出较大的可逆循环容量,放电容量达到160mAh/g. 经过50次循环后, 容量可达132.5mAh/g, 平均每次循环的容量衰减在1%以下. 这些结果表明了氧化锰纳米纤维丝可作为三维锂离子电池中的阴极材料.     

取向TSF/PLLA静电纺纳米纤维毡的制备及其生物相容性

利用静电纺丝技术制备了取向的柞蚕丝素/左旋聚乳酸(TSF/PLLA)纳米纤维毡。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)和拉伸测试分别对TSF/PLLA纳米纤维的形貌、结晶结构及力学性能进行了研究。将人成骨肉瘤细胞(MG-63)种植在TSF/PLLA纳米纤维上,通过荧光显微镜分析和MTT(四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝比色法),观察细胞在材料表面的生长情况,评价纳米纤维的生物学性能。结果表明,TSF含量为10%时,纤维直径分布均匀,结晶度高。但是,TSF含量超过10%后,纤维直径粗细不匀明显,纤维的力学性能下降。与无规纤维毡相比,取向的纳米纤维毡力学性能优异,初始模量高,更能够促进细胞增殖,对细胞的生长行为影响大。     

Perovskite-Nanocrystal-Doped Cellulose Nanocrystal Ligands for Electrospun Nanofibers with Excellent Stability

Because of their exceptional physical and thermal properties, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a highly promising bio-based material for reinforcing fillers. Studies have revealed that some functional groups from CNCs can be used as a capping ligand to coordinate with metal nanoparticles or semiconductor quantum dots during the fabrication of novel complex materials. Therefore, through CNCs ligand encapsulation and electrospinning, perovskite-NC-embedded nanofibers with exceptional optical and thermal stability are demonstrated. The results indicate that, after continuous irradiation or heat cycling, the relative photoluminescence (PL) emission intensity of the CNCs-capped perovskite-NC-embedded nanofibers is maintained at ≈90%. However, the relative PL emission intensity of both ligand-free and long-alkyl-ligand-doped perovskite-NC-embedded nanofibers decrease to almost 0%. These results are attributable to the formation of specific clusters of perovskite NCs along with the CNCs structure and thermal property improvement of polymers. CNCs-doped luminous complex materials offer a promising avenue for stability-demanding optoelectronic devices and other novel optical applications.     

静电纺纳米纤维材料在环境领域中的应用研究进展

近年来,通过静电纺丝技术制备纳米纤维材料已成为材料科学领域最重要的学术与技术活动之一。静电纺丝以其制造装置简单、纺丝成本低廉、可纺物质种类繁多、工艺可控等优点,已成为有效制备纳米纤维材料的主要途径之一。目前,利用静电纺丝技术不仅能实现多种纳米纤维材料包括聚合物、无机物、聚合物/聚合物复合物、聚合物/无机物复合物以及无机物/无机物复合物等的构筑,而且可以实现纤维多级粗糙结构、堆积密度、纤维直径、比表面积、连通性等结构特性的精细调控。各种各样的静电纺纳米纤维材料经过发展、研究和商业化,已被广泛应用于环境领域的各个方面,为许多环保难题诸如有害物质监控、污水处理、水体浮油处理等的解决提供了新的方向。结合东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室近期在静电纺纳米纤维领域的研究成果,简要介绍了静电纺纤维材料的研究背景、制备技术及其在环境领域中的应用研究进展。     

静电纺SF/PLA共混纳米纤维的形态结构及热性能

以六氟异丙醇(HFIP)为溶剂,通过静电纺丝方法纺制了不同比例的丝素蛋白/聚乳酸(SF/PLA)共混纳米纤维,并通过SEM、FT-IR、X射线衍射和TG-DTA研究了该纳米纤维非织造网的形态特征、分子结构和热性能。结果表明,纤维直径在246nm～2000nm之间,混纺纤维直径随着SF含量的增大而变粗;FT-IR和X射线衍射谱图都表明混纺纤维有着较高的结晶度,并有相分离发生;TG-DTA曲线中明显的SF和PLA分解峰,进一步证明了在本实验条件下SF与PLA的共混不能形成共溶体系,共混SF/PLA纳米纤维存在两个分离的结晶区,即SF晶区与PLA晶区。     

载药同轴静电纺玉米醇溶蛋白/聚乙烯醇-苯乙烯基吡啶盐缩合物复合纳米纤维的制备及性能

采用同轴静电纺丝法制备了以盐酸四环素作为模型药的载药玉米醇溶蛋白(Zein)/聚乙烯醇-苯乙烯基吡啶盐缩合物(PVA-SbQ)复合纳米纤维,以紫外光照作为后处理。分别通过透射电镜、扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、差示量热扫描仪、X射线衍射仪、万能试验机表征和分析了纤维结构和形貌、化学组成、药物分散形式和力学性能。药物体外释放实验表征了该纳米纤维膜的药物释放性能,并对药物释放曲线进行了数学模型拟合。结果显示,同轴静电纺纤维成形良好,具有明显的皮芯层结构,各组分保持物理混合状态,药物以无定形形式分布于纤维中,PVA-SbQ的加入有利于改善纤维膜力学性能,同轴复合纳米纤维膜能缓解药物突释的现象,其药物释放机理与一级释放模型较为接近。     

静电纺纳米纤维对复合材料层间增强增韧的研究进展

综述了当前国内外静电纺纳米纤维对复合材料层间增强增韧的研究现状,总结了静电纺纳米纤维作为层间改性材料的优势,讨论了纳米纤维对复合材料层间韧性、抗冲击性能以及限制裂纹扩展等方面的应用,并提出了下一步的研究工作重点。     

碳纳米管/聚砜纳米纤维增强增韧环氧树脂的研究

利用静电纺丝技术制备了碳纳米管/聚砜复合纳米纤维.由于碳纳米管的增强作用、聚砜的增韧作用以及聚砜纳米纤维良好的相容性,使得该复合纳米纤维对环氧树脂基体能够同时起到增强和增韧效果.应用透射和扫描电子显微镜表征了碳纳米管/聚砜复合纳米纤维的直径分布,通过测试拉伸和冲击性能分析了复合纳米纤维对环氧树脂的增强和增韧作用,对断裂表面微观形貌进行了观察,并测试了添加复合纳米纤维的环氧树脂动态力学性能.与环氧树脂基体相比,含3wt%CNTs的复合纳米纤维增强增韧环氧树脂的拉伸强度和模量分别提高13.9%和14.2%,冲击强度提高18.3%.     

Hyaluronic Acid‐Functionalized Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyethyleneimine Nanofibers for Cancer Cell Capture Applications

Capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with sufficient sensitivity and specificity in vitro is of paramount importance for early cancer diagnosis. Here a facile approach to immobilizing hyaluronic acid (HA) onto electrospun polyvinyl alcohol/polyethyleneimine (PVA/PEI) nanofibers for capturing cancer cells overexpressing CD44 receptors is reported. In this study, electrospun PVA/PEI nanofibers were crosslinked using glutaraldehyde vapor, covalently conjugated with HA via N‐(3‐dimethy‐laminopropyl)‐N′‐ethylcarbodiimide/N‐hydroxysuccinimide coupling reaction, followed by neutralization of the remaining fiber surface PEI amines via acetylation. The formed nanofibers were characterized using different techniques. It is shown that the HA‐modified PVA/PEI nanofibers with a mean diameter of 459.7 nm possess a smooth and uniform fibrous morphology, similar to the PVA/PEI nanofibers without HA modification. The HA‐modified PVA/PEI nanofibers display good cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility as confirmed by cell viability, hemolysis, and anticoagulant assays. Importantly, with the modified HA, the nanofibers exhibit superior capability to capture CD44 receptor‐overexpressing cancer cells. The developed HA‐modified PVA/PEI nanofibers may hold a great promise to be applied for capturing CTCs for cancer diagnosis applications.     

静电纺制备二氧化锡/碳纳米纤维锂离子电池负极材料的研究进展

二氧化锡纳米材料具有毒性小、成本低、可逆容量高等优点,是当前研究最为广泛的锂离子动力电池负极材料之一。构建与碳复合的二氧化锡基纳米结构是缓解二氧化锡在长时间的嵌/脱锂循环过程中体积膨胀、控制纳米颗粒团聚问题以及增加材料导电性的有效方法。用高效、可控的静电纺丝技术,结合高温煅烧、水热合成、化学沉积等方法,可制备出结构型二氧化锡/碳复合纳米纤维。本文讨论了具有不同碳层分布的均匀型、核壳型及三明治型结构的二氧化锡/碳复合纳米纤维的制备方法,以及不同碳层分布对其锂电性能的改善状况及机理分析。     

静电纺丝法制备PLCL/明胶与PLCL/胶原引导骨组织再生膜及其结构、性能与细胞学

在丙交酯与己内酯的共聚物PLCL中加入明胶(Gelatin,Gel)或胶原(Collagen,Col),并调节其含量比率,用静电纺丝法制备成纳米纤维膜.测得这些膜的纤维平均直径在(750±390nm)到(1670±260nm),接触角测量结果显示明胶或胶原的含量与膜表面的亲水性正相关.在上述不同组分的纤维膜支架上培养小鼠颅骨前成骨细胞(MC3T3-E1),研究了各种膜对细胞的增殖和矿化的影响.