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《工程（英文）》2020,6(3):248-252
Reviewing the history of the development of artificial intelligence (AI) clearly reveals that brain science has resulted in breakthroughs in AI, such as deep learning. At present, although the developmental trend in AI and its applications has surpassed expectations, an insurmountable gap remains between AI and human intelligence. It is urgent to establish a bridge between brain science and AI research, including a link from brain science to AI, and a connection from knowing the brain to simulating the brain. The first steps toward this goal are to explore the secrets of brain science by studying new brain-imaging technology; to establish a dynamic connection diagram of the brain; and to integrate neuroscience experiments with theory, models, and statistics. Based on these steps, a new generation of AI theory and methods can be studied, and a subversive model and working mode from machine perception and learning to machine thinking and decision-making can be established. This article discusses the opportunities and challenges of adapting brain science to AI. 相似文献
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With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), AI anxiety has emerged and is receiving widespread attention, but research on this topic is not comprehensive. Therefore, we investigated the dimensions of AI anxiety using the theoretical model of integrated fear acquisition and a questionnaire survey. A total of 494 valid questionnaires were recovered. Through a first-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), a factor model of AI anxiety was constructed, and eight factors of AI anxiety were verified. Then, a second-order CFA was applied to verify the adaptation of the factor structure of AI anxiety to fear acquisition. We identified four dimensions of AI anxiety and proposed a theory of AI anxiety acquisition that illustrates four pathways of AI anxiety acquisition. Each pathway includes two factors that cause AI anxiety. We conclude by analyzing the limitations of current AI anxiety research and proposing a broader research agenda for AI anxiety. 相似文献
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《工程（英文）》2020,6(4):462-467
A number of brain research projects have recently been carried out to study the etiology and mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. Although psychiatric disorders are part of the brain sciences, psychiatrists still diagnose them based on subjective experience rather than by gaining insights into the pathophysiology of the diseases. Therefore, it is urgent to have a clear understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of major psychiatric diseases, which can help in the development of effective treatments and interventions. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based applications are being quickly developed for psychiatric research and diagnosis, but there is no systematic review that summarizes their applications. For this reason, this study briefly reviews three main brain observation techniques used to study psychiatric disorders—namely, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and kinesics diagnoses—along with related AI applications and algorithms. Finally, we discuss the challenges, opportunities, and future study directions of AI-based applications. 相似文献
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介绍了视觉检测系统中利用空间解析几何、统计原理、摄动学等方面的知识分离工件定位误差的方法，提出用软件实现定位误差分离，从而在一定程度上剔除了定位误差对测量精度的影响。 相似文献
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介绍了基于符号推理（基于规则推理、基于模型）的故障诊断方法和基于人工神经网的故障诊断方法，并分析了各自存在的局限性。提出了结合人工神经网和符号推理的多重故障诊断方法，给出了该方法的定义和算法。由于该方法能结合基于符号推理方法和基于人工神经网的方法的两者优势，因而能更有效地实现故障诊断。 相似文献
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针对目前计算机视领域中普遍存在的大量非线性问题以及此带来的鲁棒必差、效率低等问题，结合目前比较新的解决非线性问题的方法，诸如同伦法、吴方法以及Ａｄｏｍａｉｎ方法等，对一系列计算机视觉中的非线性问题给出了比较满意的解答。 相似文献
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We present an artificial viscosity scheme tailored to finite-deformation Lagrangian calculations of shocks in materials with
or without strength on unstructured tetrahedral meshes of arbitrary order. The artificial viscous stresses are deviatoric
and satisfy material-frame indifference exactly. We have assessed the performance of the method on selected tests, including:
a two-dimensional shock tube problem on an ideal gas; a two-dimensional piston problem on tantalum without strength; and a
three-dimensional plate impact problem on tantalum with strength. In all cases, the artificial viscosity scheme returns stable
and ostensibly oscillation-free solutions on meshes which greatly underresolve the actual shock thickness. The scheme typically
spreads the shock over 4 to 6 elements and captures accurately the shock velocities and jump conditions.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Ragip Ince 《Engineering Fracture Mechanics》2004,71(15):2143-2159
Modelling of material behaviour generally involves the development of a mathematical model derived from observations and experimental data. An alternative way discussed in this paper is Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based modelling which is a subfield of artificial intelligence. The main benefit in using an ANN approach is that the network is built directly from experimental data using the self-organising capabilities of the ANN. In this paper the Two-Parameter Model (TPM) in the fracture of cementitious materials is modelled with a back-propagation ANN. The results of an ANN-based TPM look viable and very promising. 相似文献
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Services are changing at an impressive pace boosted by the technological advances felt in Robotics, Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) that have uncovered new research opportunities. Our objective is to contribute to the literature by exploring the pros and cons of the use of service robots in the hospitality industry and to practice, by presenting the architectural and technological characteristics of a fully automated plant based on a relevant case. To achieve such goal, this article uses a systematic literature review to assess the state-of-the-art, characterize the unit of analysis, and find new avenues for further research. The results indicate that, in high customer contact settings, service robots tend to outperform humans when performing standardized tasks, because of their mechanical and analytical nature. Evidence also shows that, in some cases, service robots have not yet achieved the desired technological maturity to proficiently replace humans. In other words, the technology is not quite there yet, but this does not contradict the fact that new robot technologies, enabled by AI, will be able to replace the employees’ empathetic intelligence. In practical terms, organizations are facing challenges where they have to decide whether service robots are capable of completely replacing human labor or if they should rather invest in balanced options, such as human-robot systems, that seem to be a much more rational choice today. 相似文献
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提出基于仿人智能技术的煤的燃点测定新方法。为克服电炉数学模型大范围变化的问题,采用仿人智能控制算法设计了炉温控制器。运用仿人智能技术识别煤的燃点,这种方法吸收了人工识别时逻辑推理的长处,克服了人工识别的主观随意性。实验结果表明,其测量平行误差小于1℃,适合于用氧气作氧化剂时煤的燃点测定。 相似文献
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Studying the distribution of the patent cooperation networks from the perspective of assignees provides a very important reference to improve the analysis of the market situation, master the layout of industrial technology and seek partners or mergers and acquisitions. This study uses the Derwent patent database and the patent metric approach to investigate the cooperative network structure of the assignees. The overall patent output in the artificial intelligence field on a global scale exhibited a rapid growth, and the proportion of cooperative patents significantly increased; the cooperation structure between the assignees was loose, and the innovation efficiency was low. 相似文献
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Research in artificial intelligence and optimization (OR) has had significant impact on the formulation and solution of computational methods in engineering design. This paper presents a conceptual framework for understanding a more powerful technology that is evolving from a combination of these approaches. The paper first proposes generalized representations of engineering design models that involve quantitative and qualitative aspects. Second, it presents a general classification of AI and OR models in terms of model attributes, in order to establish mappings with generic solution techniques. Third, the requirements of solution methods are discussed, as well as several schemes for the integration of AI and optimization to identify future research directions. Several specific approaches are included to illustrate various ways in which AI and optimization can be combined for tackling computational design models. 相似文献
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A general and simple method is developed of characterizing deformation in an atomistic model by simulations. In the method, the deformation index is defined as the maximum relative displacement of an atom to its nearest neighbors during deformation. The deformation index can be applied to quantitatively visualize lattice defects such as dislocations and stacking faults during twin or slip deformation in a single image. As an example, the cracking processes of nickel and iron are presented and analyzed by the method. 相似文献