数字化变电站信息流的智能分析与可视化

数字化变电站技术使用工业以太网技术代替传统二次接线传递数字和模拟信号,使得原有相互解耦、具象的二次接线被相互高度耦合、抽象的网络数据流所替代,给运行、调度、检修等相关专业带来了严峻的挑战.针对该问题,提出了一种数字化变电站信息流智能分析与可视化系统构架,将网络数据流以更为直观的图形方式显示给运行和检修人员.研究结果表明...     

Three-dimensional microscopy data exploration by interactive volume visualization

This paper presents a new volume visualization approach for three-dimensional (3-D) interactive microscopy data exploration. Because of their unique image characteristics, 3-D microscopy data are often not able to be visualized effectively by conventional volume visualization techniques. In our approach, microscopy visualization is carried out in an interactive data exploration environment, based on a combination of interactive volume rendering techniques and image-based transfer function design methods. Interactive volume rendering is achieved by using two-dimensional (2-D) texture mapping in a Shear-Warp volume rendering algorithm. Image processing techniques are employed and integrated into the rendering pipeline for the definition and searching of appropriate transfer functions that best reflect the user's visualization intentions. These techniques have been implemented successfully in a prototype visualization system on low-end and middle-range SGI desktop workstations. Since only 2-D texture mapping is required, the system can also be easily ported to PC platforms.     

Hadamard编码红外光谱成像系统设计

在空间调制型哈达玛变换光谱成像仪(Space Hadamard Transforms Spectral Imager,SHTSI)中采用数字微镜阵列(Digital Mirror Devices,DMD)作为编码器件,能够使系统实现小型化、轻量化、高分辨率、高帧频成像.但由于DMD的翻转特性,经过DMD编码后的光学成像...     

XML-based assembly visualization for a multi-CAD digital mock-up system

Using a virtual assembly tool, engineers are able to design accurate and interference free parts without making physical mock-ups. Instead of a single CAD source, several CAD systems are used to design a complex product in a distributed design environment. In this paper, a multi-CAD assembly method is proposed through an XML and the lightweight CAD file. XML data contains a hierarchy of the multi-CAD assembly. The lightweight CAD file produced from various CAD files through the ACIS kemel and InterOp includes not only mesh and B-Rep data, but also topological data. It is used to visualize CAD data and to verify dimensions of the parts. The developed system is executed on desktop computers. It does not require commercial CAD systems to visualize 3D assembly data. Multi-CAD models have been assembled to verify the effectiveness of the developed DMU system on the Internet.     

气阀对压缩机容积流量的影响

以实例说明气阀对压缩机容积流量存在影响，并分析了气阀对压缩机容积流量产生影响的原因。指出当气阀总的有效通流面积过小，气阀弹簧力严重不匹配时，会导致压缩机的容积流量下降幅度较大。压缩机气阀设计或改造时，应保证气阀有足够的总的有效通流面积及合适的弹簧力。     

Development of a flow control valve with digital flow compensator

Flow control valves typically use mechanical pressure drop compensator or dynamic flow meter to lessen the impact of pressure drop on outlet flow. However, there are some disadvantages, such as complex mechanical structure and small flow capacity. In this paper, a kind of digital flow compensator with bilinear interpolation algorithm is presented to compensate the pressure drop, in which the pressure drop and the desired outlet flow are the two input parameters. A two-stage proportional flow control valve with the proposed compensator is investigated. Pressure drop across the metering orifice of the valve is measured and fed back to the proposed compensator. If the detected pressure drop has deviated from the threshold, then the compensator will generate a compensation signal to adjust the poppet opening of the valve, which ensures that the output flow is independent of the pressure drop. Performances of the valve with the proposed compensator are investigated by simulation and experiment. Results show that it has a reasonable static control characteristics. In addition, there is no dead-zone in its steady flow curve; pressure drop have little impact on its output flow. Its dynamics will be affected by pressure drop and input voltage. Increasing pressure drop can improve system dynamics under constant input signal conditions. On the other hand, increasing input signal can shorten the poppet's closing time, but it will result in the longer opening time and the greater overshoot in the opening stage.     

Three‐dimensional microscopy data exploration by interactive volume visualization

This paper presents a new volume visualization approach for three‐dimensional (3‐D) interactive microscopy data exploration. Because of their unique image characteristics, 3‐D microscopy data are often not able to be visualized effectively by conventional volume visualization techniques. In our approach, microscopy visualization is carried out in an interactive data exploration environment, based on a combination of interactive volume rendering techniques and image‐based transfer function design methods. Interactive volume rendering is achieved by using two‐dimensional (2‐D) texture mapping in a Shear‐Warp volume rendering algorithm. Image processing techniques are employed and integrated into the rendering pipeline for the definition and searching of appropriate transfer functions that best reflect the user's visualization intentions. These techniques have been implemented successfully in a prototype visualization system on low‐end and middle‐range SGI desktop workstations. Since only 2‐D texture mapping is required, the system can also be easily ported to PC platforms.     

超声彩色血流成像中基于动态区域划分抑制杂波的方法

为提高超声彩色血流成像质量,提出了一种基于动态区域划分的杂波抑制方法。先根据超声回波信号的幅度对血流与组织区域作出初步的划分,再根据杂波运动的非平稳性对组织区域作进一步的调整,最后对各区域用特征向量滤波器进行杂波抑制。将本方法用于计算机仿真血流信号和人体实测血流数据,结果表明:本方法在有效抑制非平稳杂波的同时,能较好地保持血流流速剖面的完整性,解决了传统均匀分段特征向量滤波器选取区间长度时的矛盾,有望成为超声彩色血流成像中一种有效的杂波抑制方法。     

Gas-liquid flow patterns visualization in a self-priming centrifugal pump

The self-priming pumps are ubiquitous in gas-liquid mixtures lift and transportation areas. The fast self-priming time is a vital evaluation index for a self-priming pump. However, the bubble movement path and the bubble size distribution characteristics during the self-priming process are still an open issue. This paper aims to obtain the gas-liquid flow patterns inside a centrifugal pump during the self-priming process and evaluate the effect of the rotational speed and the position of the back-flow hole on the self-priming time through experiments. A centrifugal pump with a double-blade was designed as a visualization prototype. The high-speed photography technology was used to capture the bubble motion and size in the pump during the self-priming process. The bubble image processing method was used to identify the bubble size distribution in the diffuser during the self-priming process. The bubble number and size distribution images were presented to understand the influence of the rotational speed and the position of the back-flow hole. The higher rotational speed accelerates the gas-liquid mixing rate and shortens the self-priming time. However, there is a limited value of the self-priming time as the speed goes up to a certain high level. Moreover, the position of the back-flow hole slightly affects the self-priming time.     

Intact corneal stroma visualization of GFP mouse revealed by multiphoton imaging

The aim of this work is to demonstrate that multiphoton microscopy is a preferred technique to investigate intact cornea structure without slicing and staining. At the micron resolution, multiphoton imaging can provide both large morphological features and detailed structure of epithelium, corneal collagen fibril bundles and keratocytes. A large area multiphoton cross-section across an intact eye excised from a GFP mouse was obtained by a homebuilt multiphoton microscope. The broadband multiphoton fluorescence (435-700 nm) and second harmonic generation (SHG, 360-400 nm) signals were generated by the 760 nm output of a femtosecond titanium-sapphire laser. A water immersion objective (Fluor, 40X, NA 0.8; Nikon) was used to facilitate imaging the curve ocular surface. The multiphoton image over entire cornea provides morphological information of epithelial cells, keratocytes, and global collagen orientation. Specifically, our planar, large area multiphoton image reveals a concentric pattern of the stroma collagen, indicative of the laminar collagen organization throughout the stroma. In addition, the green fluorescence protein (GFP) labeling contributed to fluorescence contrast of cellular area and facilitated visualizing of inactive keratocytes. Our results show that multiphoton imaging of GFP labeled mouse cornea manifests both morphological significance and structural details. The second harmonic generation imaging reveals the collagen orientation, while the multiphoton fluorescence imaging indicates morphology and distribution of cells in cornea. Our results support that multiphoton microscopy is an appropriate technology for further in vivo investigation and diagnosis of cornea.     

数显便携式测色仪设计

为了使牙齿健康美容领域中牙齿的配色更加精确,设计出一款以色度学原理为基础,应用白平衡调节手段,采用集成数字化电路及掌上结构设计的牙齿测色仪器。设备以正白光高亮LED为光源、mega128单片机为核心,采用TCS230可编程颜色传感器采集颜色信号,通过C语言编程来实现颜色数据的采集、显示以及存储。通过比色卡对比实验,分析了几种影响测量精确度的因素。仪器具有测量精度高、稳定度好、功耗低、便于携带等优点,具有广泛的应用前景及市场空间。     

Surface profile estimation by digital filtering for wear volume calculation

A new technique has been suggested for estimating the profile of an original unworn surface. Using digital filtering the profile signals from the profilometer are divided into two types: waviness—low frequency signals and roughness—high frequency signals. The original profile of a wear track was estimated by combining the waviness and the roughness taken from the surface before the wear test. The results of the study show that this technique results in an accurate estimate of the original profile.     

数码相机的彩色图像预处理过程

结合数码相机图像采集特性和人眼视觉误差,讨论了彩色图像预处理过程.通过分析彩色图像的数据格式,将八叉树量化方法用于彩色图像的颜色信息量化,并采用矢量中值滤波消除彩色图像噪声,以实现对彩色图像的合理预处理.结合实验讨论分析了矢量中值滤波法的滤波器窗口参数,并结合颜色信息相似度理论提出了彩色图像预处理效果的评价方法.实验获得了合理的颜色量化方法和滤波器窗口参数,处理得到的图像最大色差变化控制在3个CIELAB色差单位.结果表明,用八叉树结构量化和矢量中值滤波对数码相机采集到的彩色图像进行预处理可达到较理想的效果.     

LDV measurement,flow visualization and numerical analysis of flow distribution in a close-coupled catalytic converter

Results from an experimental study of flow distribution in a close-coupled catalytic converter (CCC) are presented. The experiments were carried out with a flow measurement system specially designed for this study under steady and transient flow conditions. A pitot tube was a tool for measuring flow distribution at the exit of the first monolith. The flow distribution of the CCC was also measured by LDV system and flow visualization. Results from numerical analysis are also presented. Experimental results showed that the flow uniformity index decreases as flow Reynolds number increases. In steady flow conditions, the flow through each exhaust pipe made some flow concentrations on a specific region of the CCC inlet. The transient test results showed that the flow through each exhaust pipe in the engine firing order, interacted with each other to ensure that the flow distribution was uniform. The results of numerical analysis were quali-tatively accepted with experimental results. They supported and helped explain the flow in the entry region of CCC.     

A neural network to correct mass flow errors caused by two-phase flow in a digital coriolis mass flowmeter

Coriolis mass flow meters provide accurate measurement of single-phase flows, typically to 0.2%. However gas–liquid two-phase flow regimes may cause severe operating difficulties as well as measurement errors in these flow meters. As part of the Sensor Validation (SEVA) research at Oxford University a new fully digital coriolis transmitter has been developed which can operate with highly aerated fluids. This paper describes how a neural network has been used to correct the mass flow measurement for two-phase flow effects, based entirely on internally observed parameters, keeping errors to within 2%. The correction strategy has been successfully implemented on-line in the coriolis transmitter. As required by the SEVA philosophy, the quality of the corrected measurement is indicated by the on-line uncertainty provided with each measurement value.     

基于数字孪生的数控设备互联互通及可视化

全球制造业正在向着智能化、规模化的方向快速发展,但是数控设备之间存在数据接口不统一、设备数据交互困难、现场设备状态监测成本较高等难题.现提出一种基于数字孪生的数控设备互联互通及可视化技术,首先利用三维激光扫描技术构建车间数控设备数字孪生模型,通过OPCUA通讯构架读取数控设备的实时运行数据,并转化格式后存入数据库作为指...     

体三维成像的螺旋扫描系统设计

提出了一种可产生稳定、均匀的投影空间,并由伺服电机驱动阶梯轴,带动屏旋转的双螺旋屏扫描系统,以实现体三维实时、高清晰成像。对比分析了扫描屏结构的成像特点,设计了屏结构的加工方案。采用半透明高强度的光敏树脂材料和缕空支撑墙体快速成型直接制造。通过Solidworks软件进行螺旋扫描屏的三维建模,并利用COSMOSWorks模块进行稳定运行的可行性分析。仿真结果显示,屏在600r/min恒速旋转时产生的最大位移数据为0.013mm,远小于人眼视觉可分辨的范围,可以满足成像空间设计需求。最后,结合现有的工程技术与工艺水平,建立了双螺旋屏扫描系统的物理平台。实验结果表明,该螺旋屏扫描系统形成的25cm×Ф50cm的柱型成像空间,可以呈现出清晰的体三维图像。     

多尺度气泡尺寸分布数字图像测量方法研究

鼓泡塔是一种广泛应用于能源和环境领域的多相流反应器,鼓泡塔中气泡的大小和浓度对于研究鼓泡塔中"三传一反"过程具有重要意义。采用高速摄像法和数字图像处理技术开展了鼓泡塔中内多尺度气泡尺寸分布测量研究,针对气泡识别过程中密集气泡易发生重叠的问题,提出基于曲率计算的凹点匹配与圆周拟合的重叠气泡分割与轮廓重构算法。搭建了鼓泡塔反应器实验装置,针对星型、均匀和方形3种不同进气孔形态的气泡分布器开展了实验研究,分析了不同尺度气泡的尺寸分布规律。试验结果表明:该算法不仅能够有效地从图像中提取轮廓清晰完整的气泡,而且能够对图像粘连重叠的气泡进行准确分割,从而可精确地获得多尺度气泡尺寸分布。随着气体流量的增加,小气泡的数量急剧增加,同时产生更大的气泡;气泡的最大直径和Sauter平均直径均随气体流量的增加而增大,且两者的比值基本保持不变,即分布器形式对气泡尺寸分布均匀性有影响,方形分布器产生气泡最均匀,气含率相对其他两种分布器更高。实验结果证明了图像分割与轮廓重构方法在气液两相流中气泡参数在线测量的可行性。     

数码成像法测量面发光体亮度

介绍了利用数码成像器件测量不均匀面光源亮度的有效方法,分析了它与传统点式亮度计的差别。对影响数码成像亮度测量精度的成像定标、非线性校正、多重曝光等几种方法进行了模拟和讨论,为数码成像亮度仪的设计提供了理论依据。     

体绘制技术在剂量三维可视化中的应用

本文基于光线投射方法的体绘制三维可视化用技术,在光线投射采样过程中,对阻光度分别基于CT值自动分类和手动自定义分类,基于感兴趣区进行自定义分类,对颜色值分量分别基于剂量值进行自动分类,基于处方剂量进行自定义分类.这些分类方式及不同组合,使医生可以根据临床需要对阻光度及颜色进行定义,从而使得剂量分布可以基于需要进行三维可视化显示,从而使医生能更直观地判断相关组织的剂量分布情况.此外,由于基于光线投射理论的体绘制技术无需构造中间几何图元,使得基于患者CT图像体数据的三维可视化细节更加清晰.