面向全生命周期的公共自行车管理系统设计和实现

为解决城市公共自行车管理系统运营和维护中存在的问题,对传统系统中公共自行车的使用、调度、维修等进行分析,建立了以公共自行车全生命周期为核心的租赁管理系统模型.通过研究分析公共自行车系统的业务需求,确定系统的多角色用户及其交互的模型,建立以公共自行车为核心的系统软件模型与功能框架.采用HTML5和Java EE技术开发一系列面向不同用户的移动应用软件,打破了各角色之间的信息交互壁障.该系统最终实现了公共自行车从管理、维护到使用的智能化、网络化和数据化,对推动公共自行车行业的精细化管理具有重要意义.     

基于Kano模型的就诊服务系统设计研究

目的研究基于Kano模型与用户需求分类的就诊服务系统的设计原则与设计路径。方法通过服务蓝图等调研方法获取用户在就诊体验过程中的原始需求,利用Kano模型将原始用户需求进行分类,借助四象限散点模型分析识别需求的重要度与急需度,依据需求优先级实现就诊服务系统设计创新。结果以就诊服务系统设计为例,获得用户在体验过程中的需求原始描述,并对需求重要度进行优先级排序,提出具体的设计策略及原则,从方便预约、就诊时位置导航、建立个人病历系统和服药便利4项用户需求出发,形成一款针对就诊服务系统的APP设计。结论利用Kano模型的用户需求分类及重要度识别方法进行缺口分析,探索出针对就诊服务系统的技术路径和设计原则,为后续相似研究提供一定的方法和参考。     

桂林市农村公共文化服务发展问题及对策研究

公共文化服务,是指以政府部门为主的公共部门提供的,以保障公民的基本文化生活权利为目的、向公民提供公共文化产品与服务的制度和系统的总称,包括公共文化服务设施、资源和服务,以及人才、资金、技术和政策保障机制等方面内容。顾名思义,桂林市农村公共文化服务是满足农民基本文化需求、保障广大农民群众基本文化权益,在公益性、公平性、公开性的文化机构和文化单位中为农民提供各种公益性文化产品和服务的总和。     

基于Kano模型的新老年人餐饮服务系统需求权重研究

目的 运用Kano模型对新老年人在餐饮服务方面进行需求分析,并由此构建面向社区新老年用户群体的新型餐饮服务系统,使其更大程度地符合新老年用户对餐饮服务的多样化口味、个性化功能饮食与体验式活动等方面的多层次需求.方法 通过分析提出新老年人餐饮服务系统需求权重研究模型.首先,通过观察法与访谈法调查无锡地区的社区新老年用户群体的用餐服务需求要素,并用KJ法进行分析归纳.其次,应用Kano模型理论对分析归纳的用户需求项进行量化分类与筛选.最后,运用熵值法计算各级指标权重并进行用户需求重要度排序.结论 通过运用 Kano 模型进行需求分类,并计算新老年人餐饮服务系统的需求权重,得到用户需求重要度排序,由此为新老年人餐饮服务系统设计提供研究重点,提升新老年人群体对餐饮服务系统的满意度以及用户体验,为类似方向的服务系统研究提供理论支撑.     

新形势下提高公共气象服务水平的思考

本文通过作者简述公共气象服务目前存在的与社会经济发展不相适应的地方，从调研公共气象服务的需求、公麸气象服务的组织管理、技术路线和人才队伍建设四个方面提出了提高公共气象服务的对策。     

基于圆分布法和时间序列模型的公共自行车需求量分析

为了实现对公共自行车租赁系统需求量的预测,从而能够帮助租赁系统提前做出合理的调度,满足租赁人群出行的需要。提出了基于圆分布法与时间序列模型的定量分析方法。一方面,运用圆分布法分析在潮汐性交通现象下公共自行车租赁需求量的定量特征,从而确定公共自行车租赁的需求高峰时段。另一方面,运用时间序列模型对高峰期的租赁需求量进行分析和预测。通过预测结果与实际值的对比,证实了本文提出的方法的有效性。     

自适应风险规避型院前急救网络设计鲁棒优化

为提高突发大规模应急事件下医疗急救系统的响应能力,提出了基于两阶段自适应风险规避型鲁棒优化模型的院前急救网络设计方法。针对不确定的急救需求发生量,通过基于场景的方法构建了最坏情况下的鲁棒条件风险值模型来规避需求未满足的极端风险,确保系统的服务能力。根据线性对偶理论提出等价的鲁棒对等模型以简化求解。最后,基于某市具体数值案例验证了模型的有效性和可靠性。通过对比分析和灵敏度分析发现,自适应模型较风险中性模型和一般随机风险规避模型有更高的需求满足率和更低的损失风险成本,优化方案显著提高了不确定环境下的应急响应效率和需求覆盖率。     

机载公共设备管理系统可靠性建模分析

为更加高效、准确计算机载公共设备管理系统的可靠性,综合静态和动态系统可靠性建模方法,提出一种新的模块化可靠性建模方法,并对其软硬件进行可靠性建模与分析。实验结果表明:与传统方法相比,模块化可靠性建模方法利用机载公共设备模块化特点,简化了复杂系统的模型,提高了计算效率,更加符合实际系统的需求。     

基于QFD的社区老年人慢性病管理产品服务系统设计研究

以老年慢性病患者为研究对象,以提高社区居家养老模式下的老年慢性病管理水平为研究目标,以提供社区卫生机构慢性病管理产品服务方案为实践目标。在数据收集和分析阶段,采用定性研究的方法收集用户数据,通过构建典型人物模型总结现有问题;通过分解典型场景中的用户需求,得出对应的具体服务需求和服务内容;并以KANO模型的结果为依据,划分服务需求的类型。在服务模型构建阶段,以QFD方法及相关理论为指导,构建质量屋,输出用户需求对应的服务特性重要度排序,并依照设计原则评估。构建基于不同类型用户需求的质量屋,得出慢性病管理有关的服务特性在社区场景下的重要度排序,并提出面向社区老年人的慢性病管理产品服务系统设计策略。     

台山市农村公共气象信息服务体系建设初探

本文根据台山市市情，结合当前农村公共气象信息服务需求，通过台山农村公共信息服务资源分析和农村公共气象信息服务体系建设思路对公共气象信息服务体系建设进行了初步思考，期待与同行共同探讨。     

Optimal resource allocation on grid systems for maximizing service reliability using a genetic algorithm

Grid computing system is different from conventional distributed computing systems by its focus on large-scale resource sharing and open architecture for services. The global grid technologies and the Globus Toolkit in particular, are evolving toward an open grid service architecture (OGSA) with which a grid system provides an extensible infrastructure so that various organizations can offer their own services and integrate their resources. Hence, this paper aims at solving the problem of optimally allocating services on the grid to maximize the grid service reliability. Since no existing study has analyzed the grid service reliability, this paper develops initial modeling and evaluation algorithms to evaluate the grid service reliability. Based on the grid service reliability evaluation, we present an optimization model for the grid service allocation problem and develop a genetic algorithm (GA) to effectively solve it. A numerical example is given to show the modeling procedures and efficiency of the GAs.     

Mechanistic quantification of RC bridge damage states under earthquake through fragility analysis

Risk assessment of infrastructure systems plays an increasingly important role in their plan, design, maintenance, retrofit and life-cycle cost evaluation taking into consideration their vulnerability to natural, technological and terrorist hazard. This paper develops a mechanistic model for seismic damageability of concrete bridges in the form of fragility curve in such a way that the model can be calibrated with the empirical fragility curves constructed on the basis of the damage data from the 1994 Northridge earthquake. As often observed from this and other destructive earthquakes, bridges are one of the most vulnerable components of a highway network system subjected to earthquake ground motion. For this reason, bridge damageability information in a succinct from as fragility curve is needed to pursue the seismic risk assessment of a highway networks consisting of as large as thousands of bridges that can be affected by a high magnitude earthquake with in and near the service area of the network.     

Bayesian updating of reliability of civil infrastructure facilities based on condition-state data and fault-tree model

This paper considers a difficult but practical circumstance of civil infrastructure management—deterioration/failure data of the infrastructure system are absent while only condition-state data of its components are available. The goal is to develop a framework for estimating time-varying reliabilities of civil infrastructure facilities under such a circumstance. A novel method of analyzing time-varying condition-state data that only reports operational/non-operational status of the components is proposed to update the reliabilities of civil infrastructure facilities. The proposed method assumes that the degradation arrivals can be modeled as a Poisson process with unknown time-varying arrival rate and damage impact and that the target system can be represented as a fault-tree model. To accommodate large uncertainties, a Bayesian algorithm is proposed, and the reliability of the infrastructure system can be quickly updated based on the condition-state data. Use of the new method is demonstrated with a real-world example of hydraulic spillway gate system.     

两种不同组合形式的环形网耗能性能的对比分析

通过对单个R0CCO圆环的静力试验和理论分析,推导了圆环等效半径的计算方法。建立了两种组合形式环形网的计算模型：第一种组合形式（模型1）中1个R0CCO圆环与4个R0CCO圆环相连接;第二种组合形式（模型2）中1个R0CCO圆环与6个R0CCO圆环相连接,采用数值分析方法对模型1、2的静动力耗能性能进行了研究。结果表明：①当采用相同的ROCCO圆环组成模型1、2时,模型2中单个ROCCO圆环的耗能能力高于模型1;②当采用相等的材料组成模型1、2时,在相同动能的落石冲击作用下,模型2的变形距离低于模型1,且模型1受到的落石冲击荷载开始时低于模型2,随着落石直径的增大,逐渐高于模型2;③模型1、模型2在落石冲击作用下的极限耗能能力随着落石直径的增大而逐渐增大,且模型1的极限耗能能力开始时高于模型2,当落石直径达到一定程度后,模型2的耗能能力逐渐高于模型1。因此,当实际工程中需要考虑防护系统变形距离时,选择第二种组合形式的环形网可以节约工程造价,而当需要考虑系统极限耗能能力时,可以根据落石特征选择经济合理的环形网结构形式。     

Strategic Project Management to Use the Grand Challenge Scholars Program to Address Urban Infrastructure

Throughout the world, infrastructure to support cities is critical to support sustainable and responsible economic development. This can include new infrastructure projects in the case of growing areas. It can also include the renewal and upgrading of existing infrastructure in areas that have been inhabited and already developed. Infrastructure includes roads, bridges and transportation systems; power grids and energy service; internet and telecommunications; and water and sewer services. This development can be part of a system of systems, in which government, industries, and universities can contribute knowledge, skills, and abilities. This paper will investigate the strategic project management taken by one university to provide an academic experience that will prepare engineering students to address several of the Grand Engineering Challenges of the 21st Century, as identified by the US National Academy of Engineering. The challenges relating to energy, water, information, and urban infrastructure can be approached using the functions of teaching, research, and service. By approaching the challenges strategically, resources of faculty time, student effort and laboratory facilities can be leveraged to achieve greater results. This case study will describe the efforts and results to date and identify opportunities for future growth.     

Blockzone: A Decentralized and Trustworthy Data Plane for DNS

The domain name system (DNS) provides a mapping service between memorable names and numerical internet protocol addresses, and it is a critical infrastructure of the Internet. The authenticity of DNS resolution results is crucial for ensuring the accessibility of Internet services. Hundreds of supplementary specifications of protocols have been proposed to compensate for the security flaws of DNS. However, DNS security incidents still occur frequently. Although DNS is a distributed system, for a specified domain name, only authorized authoritative servers can resolve it. Other servers must obtain the resolution result through a recursive or iterative resolving procedure, which renders DNS vulnerable to various attacks, such as DNS cache poisoning and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. This paper proposes a novel decentralized architecture for a DNS data plane, which is called Blockzone. First, Blockzone utilizes novel mechanisms, which include on-chain authorization and off-chain storage, to implement a decentralized and trustworthy DNS data plane. Second, in contrast to the hierarchical authentication and recursive query of traditional DNS, Blockzone implements a decentralized operation model. This model significantly increases the efficiency of domain name resolution and verification and enhances the security of DNS against DDoS and cache poisoning attacks. In addition, Blockzone is fully compatible with the traditional DNS implementation and can be incrementally deployed as a plug-in service of DNS without changing the DNS protocol or system architecture. The Blockzone scheme can also be generalized to address security issues in other areas, such as the Internet of things and edge computing.     

Dynamic performance-based automatic generation control unit allocation with frequency sensitivity identification

With the alteration of energy structures in power system, the allocation of automatic generation control (AGC) is facing new challenges. The emergence of high penetration of manufacturing sectors and renewable energy sources has increased the demand for faster-ramping resources to participate in the frequency regulation service. Additionally, the current regulation service does not properly arrange the output of the resources considering the actual performance while they follow the AGC allocation signals, which affects the accuracy of frequency regulation. The fast-ramping capacity and response accuracy of AGC units are supposed to be considered in the dispatch. Meanwhile, the power outputs of different governors have different impacts on the system frequency, which has important guiding significance for the AGC dispatch. With the purpose of improving frequency regulation service, this paper proposes a dynamic performance-based dispatch model considering the above issues. We first prove that there is a linear relation between the output of the generators and system frequency, defined as frequency sensitivity. Then, the frequency sensitivity of each generator can be identified using the least square (LS) method. Furthermore, a dynamic multi-objective optimization allocation model is established, which considers the units’ economy, ramping capacity and accuracy. Finally, the proposed identification method and allocation model are simulated in the IEEE-9 bus system, and the simulation results verify their validity and feasibility     

Modeling and Analysis of Complex Equipment Maintenance Dynamics

An equipment maintenance system is naturally a complex dynamical system. The effective mamanagement must be based on the knowledge of the system＇s intrinsic dynamics. And the strueture of the maintenance system determines its behavior. This paper analyzes the basic structures and elements of a maintenance system for complex multi-components equipment. The maintenance system is considered as a dynamic system whose behavior is influenced by its structure＇s feedback and interaction, and the system＇s available resources. Building the dynamical model with Simulink, we show some results about the maintenance system＇s nonlinear dynamics, ods. The model can be used for understanding and which operational adjustments of maintenance which are never given by stochastic process methdetermining maintenance system behavior, towards n of maintenance requirements and timely supply of maintenance resources can be made in a more informed way.     

The bullwhip effect in hybrid supply chain

As the service is becoming the strategic preference in the manufacturing industry, more and more manufacturing companies provide customers with total solutions by integrating services into their core product offerings, which is usually implemented in so-called hybrid supply chain (HSC). The HSC is formed as a chain by a group of manufacturers and service providers who work together to offer total solutions to customers. In HSC, customers’ responses to variable service levels and the interaction between inventory strategy and service capacity strategy have a great impact on supply chain instability, which represents an important concern in supply chain research. To tackle this problem, we establish a system dynamics model, by taking the HSC for an elevator company in China as an example. Firstly, we analyzed the oscillation characteristics of service flow and product flow. Then, we proposed the performance metrics of bullwhip effect in HSC. Finally, based on the model, we find that the bullwhip effect of HSC could be smoothened by incorporating service capacity adjustment strategy into the inventory replenishment policy.     

RCM predictive maintenance of railway systems based on unobserved components models

Turnouts are probably the most important infrastructure elements of the railway system because of its effect on the system safety, reliability and quality of the service. In this paper, a predictive maintenance system in point mechanism, called RCM², has been implemented for increasing the quality service. RCM² is based on the integration of the two other types of maintenance techniques, namely Reliability Centred Maintenance (RCM₁) and Remote Condition Monitoring (RCM₂). The core of the system consists of an Unobserved Components model set-up in a State Space framework, in which the unknown elements of the system are estimated by Maximum Likelihood. The detection of faults in the system is based on the correlation estimate between a curve free from faults (that is, continuously updated as new curves are incorporated in the data base) with the current curve data. If the correlation falls far from one, a fault is at hand. The detection system is tested on a set of 476 experiments carried out by the Universities of Sheffield and Castilla-La Mancha.