季铵盐(Aliquat 336)萃取对氨基苯磺酸的特性研究

利用季铵盐(Aliquat 336)为反应剂,在较宽的pH值条件下,研究了对氨基苯磺酸稀溶液的萃取相平衡特性;测定了反应剂浓度、稀释剂种类、盐的存在以及溶液pH值对反应萃取平衡分配系数的影响;提出了反应剂与对氨基苯磺酸负离子的阴离子交换反应机理,建立了平衡分配系数D值的表达式。结果表明,极性稀释剂不利于对氨基苯磺酸的萃取,惰性稀释剂能提供较大的萃取平衡分配系数,其顺序为:苯>四氯化碳>氯仿>正辛醇;盐的存在会降低Aliquat 336的萃取效率;与三烷基胺(Alamine 336)相比,Aliquat 336具有更宽的pH值适用范围。     

三烷基胺(7301)络合萃取对氨基苯磺酸稀溶液

利用三烷基胺 (730 1 )为络合剂 ,在较宽的 pH值条件下实验测定了对氨基苯磺酸稀溶液的萃取相平衡分配系数 ;分析了络合剂浓度、稀释剂种类以及溶液 pH值对络合萃取相平衡分配系数的影响 ;讨论了络合剂萃取对氨基苯磺酸偶极离子的质子转移过程 ,提出了平衡分配系数D值的表达式 .     

膜萃取去除水中对氨基苯磺酸的研究

以特定混合物 (2 0 %TOA 30 %辛醇 50 %煤油 ) -对氨基苯磺酸 -水为实验体系 ,应用中空纤维膜萃取技术处理含对氨基苯磺酸的水溶液。研究了两相流速、溶液pH、初始浓度对传质性能的影响。结果表明 ,传质由水相侧阻力控制 ,在相比(有机相 /水相 )较小的情况下 ,可使初始质量浓度为 1 0 0 0mg/L的溶液降至 30mg/L ,证明了中空纤维萃取去除水中对氨基苯磺酸的高效性。     

Aliquat 336萃取醋酸的平衡特性

选择Aliquat 336为萃取剂 ,氯仿、正辛醇和煤油为稀释剂 ,醋酸稀溶液为分离溶质 ,研究了稀释剂种类、反应剂浓度、水相 pH值、溶质在水相的浓度等因素对醋酸萃取分配系数的影响 ,分析了Aliquat 336萃取醋酸的机理 ,并在此基础上建立了描述萃取平衡的数学模型 .结果表明 :萃取结果基本符合反应剂与稀释剂的简单加和 ;稀释剂对萃取效果的影响显著 ,随Aliquat 336浓度的增大 ,氯仿和煤油为稀释剂时的萃取能力较正辛醇增加得快 ;随 pH值的变化D存在一个最大值 ,该值只与反应剂在有机相中的浓度有关 .Aliquat 336萃取醋酸存在阴离子交换和化学缔合两种机制 ,表观的阴离子交换反应平衡常数K₁在有稀释剂的条件下比纯反应剂时有所增大 ,其中氯仿的影响相对较大 ,表观的化学缔合反应平衡常数K₂ 在有稀释剂的条件下表现为 ,惰性稀释剂煤油对K₂ 的影响不明显 ,氯仿具有强化的作用 ,而正辛醇具有削弱Aliquat 336与醋酸化学缔合的能力 .     

季铵萃取分离钴、镍的生产性实验

在萃取分离钴、镍的基础上,根据串级模拟计算结果合理安排工艺流程,进行了与生产规模相当的生产性实验. 结果表明季铵氯化物萃取分离钴、镍的工艺可行, 稳定可靠, 经济合理. 对氯离子浓度较低的料液, 季铵比叔胺更优越, 特别适合从高镍低钴的低浓度氯化物介质中萃取分离钴、镍.     

对氨基苯磺酸催化合成阿司匹林

以水杨酸与乙酸酐为反应原料,采用对氨基苯磺酸为催化剂,合成了阿司匹林,分别讨论了反应原料摩尔比、催化剂对氨基苯磺酸的用量、反应时间和反应体系的温度对产物阿斯匹林收率的影响。结果表明：当水杨酸与乙酸酐摩尔比为1：3．5,催化剂对氨基苯磺酸用量为0．4g,反应时间为6min,反应温度为80—85℃时,阿斯匹林的收率可达到62．33％。     

对氨基苯磺酸催化合成水杨酸正丁酯

以正丁醇与水杨酸为原料,采用对氨基苯磺酸为催化剂,通过酯化反应合成了水杨酸正丁酯。考察了酸醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间对水杨酸正丁酯化收率的影响。结果表明,在回流条件下,当水杨酸的加入量0.20 mol,正丁醇的加入量0.32 mol,即酸与醇物质的量比为1∶1.6,催化剂对氨基苯磺酸用量为0.70 g(相当于5%的酸),反应4.0 h时,水杨酸正丁酯收率可达到72.90%。     

对氨基苯磺酸的微波合成

采用微波加热方法,用苯胺与浓硫酸反应生成对氨基苯磺酸。实验中分别从微波输出功率、微波辐射时间和投料比三个因素进行实验条件探讨,得出最佳的微波合成条件为:苯胺与浓硫酸两者的物质的量之比为1∶3,微波辐射功率为130W,微波加热时间12min。与传统加热方法合成对氨基苯磺酸对比后可知,微波辐射下反应速率至少是常规反应速率的30倍。     

甲基橙萃取分光光度法分析季铵酯类农药

研究了季铵酯类农药的甲基橙萃取分光光度分析法，它灵敏、简便，快速，在２５ｍｌ中农药含量１０￣７０μｇ范围内符合光吸收定律，其摩尔吸光系数ε为３．１×１０＾４ｌ·ｃｍ＾－１·ｍｏｌ＾－１。     

Separation of Lactic Acid through Polymer Inclusion Membranes Containing Ionic Liquids

Optically pure lactic acid that can be prepared by fermentation is one of the important raw materials for biodegradable polymer. Since an economical technique is desired that separates lactic acid from the fermentation broth, we proposed lactate permeation through a poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)-based membrane containing ionic liquids as a carrier. Lactate was successfully permeated through polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) containing Aliquat 336, Cyphos IL -101, and -102 as ionic liquids. From the viewpoints of permeation rates and the pH drop of the feed phase, Aliquat 336 was the best ionic liquid. Based on the experimental results, we calculated the overall mass transfer coefficients and evaluated the contribution of membrane resistance to the overall permeation resistance. Furthermore, permeation behavior was explained by the solution-diffusion model. The superior stability of PIMs over the supported ionic liquid membranes was observed for membranes containing Aliquat 336 as a carrier. The PVC-based membrane process containing Aliquat 336 was found to be promising for lactate separation on an industrial scale.     

Parametric optimization of green synergistic reactive extraction of lactic acid using trioctylamine,Aliquat336, and butan-2-ol in sunflower oil by response surface methodology

A novel green synergistic reactive extraction technique for the removal of lactic acid (LA) from aqueous solution was explored. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the process variables for LA synergistic reactive extraction using a mixture of trioctylamine and Aliquat336 as extractants. During this present investigation, 2-butanol and sunflower oil were used as organic and green diluent. Systematic investigation has been carried out to obtain the optimum process conditions viz. initial LA concentration, pH of aqueous solution, extractant ratio, extractant concentration, solvent ratio, phase ratio, temperature, stirring speed, and contact time for maximizing the LA distribution coefficient (K_D) and extraction efficiency (%, η). The highest experimentally achievable LA distribution coefficient (K_D) and extraction efficiency (%) at optimized process conditions were found to be in close agreement with those predicted by numerical optimization using RSM. Thus, the results of present finding have been shown a great ability of sunflower oil as an economic and environmentally friendly green solvent for LA extraction.