基于冬奥会高话务需求下山地区域通信基站规划方案

山地区域基站规划和建设,尤其是高话务需求场景下,是通信工程中的难点。以北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会张家口崇礼赛区公众移动通信网络规划为例,针对崇礼赛区所处的山区特有的地形地貌,在满足赛事高密度人群、瞬间大话务量需求下,通过对需求问题的深入研究,提出一套行之有效的研究方法,统筹开展 2G、4G、5G 基站规划,规划一张高速、移动、安全、泛在的冬奥移动通信服务网络,为实施山地 5G高话务量移动通信网络规划提供有益的参考。     

Universal portable radio communications

In our highly mobile society, the provision of voice and data communications to people away from their wireline telephones has become a major communications frontier. Some emerging radio systems, e.g., cellular mobile radio, cordless telephone, and radio paging, have begun to penetrate this frontier. However, each of these approaches only partially satisfies portable communication needs. That is, the approaches do not provide overall portable communication service. Some of the problems involved and the technologies and system configurations needed for an advanced radio communications system are discussed. The goal for the system is to provide high quality ubiquitous service to low power portable radiotelephones and data terminals. Frequency reuse radio system configurations applicable to residential and large building environments will be described along with multipath and other 800 MHz radio propagation limitations. The system would use fixed radio ports attached to the telephone network and spaced about 2000 ft in residential areas. The residential ports would have antenna heights of less than 30 ft. The horizontal spacing of ports within large buildings would be 200 ft or more. In service areas, more than 99 percent radio link availability would be provided for 5 mW portable transmitters.     

快速发展的蜂窝网通信和卫星通信

主要说明无线通信将应用于移动通信、个人通信和全球通信。数字蜂窝网将增设微蜂窝区 ,频率从 90 0MHz升至 1 .8～ 2GHz ,向宽带和多媒体方向发展 ,数据速率从 1 44kb /s升至 2Mb /s。手机将是TDMA /CDMA双模。蜂窝网不仅用于移动通信 ,而且用于固定用户的市内接入网。卫星通信将加快发展低轨道 /中轨道卫星通信网 ,而同步卫星仍需利用。移动卫星网可通电话 ,可进行多媒体通信 ,速率为 2Mb /s,并通过地面信关站 ,与陆地固定通信网结合一起 ,实现全球个人通信。     

20世纪通信演变过程回顾

首先简述通信的三大发明和无线电报与有线电话开始应用的情况。继而回顾当初载波电话建设与制造 ,模拟通信向数字通信过渡 ,电缆通信向光纤通信过渡 ,综合业务数字网准备发展 ,以及同步卫星传送国际通信与广播电视的经过。最后说明近年来无线蜂窝网向公众开放 ,数据信息对通信网的冲击 ,以及波分多路加大光纤传输容量等动向。     

基于EPON的三网合一解决方案

采用EPON的拓扑结构,提出了一种应用于计算机数据传输、有线电视广播及电话通信的综合服务方案,该方案在以太网中实现了语音与数据的融合,在用户端将语音、数据、图像信息集成在1台设备中,实现了光纤到户的愿望.     

基于空中平台的无线话音中继通信网的容量分析

针对无线话音中继网络多平台共用信道必然产生“互扰”的特点,定义了话音中继网络三种通信形态,提出了判决网络容量的网络噪杂系数的概念,将无线通信信号衰落特性与Erlang话务量模型相结合,通过分析不同调制方式下中继平台数量与干扰概率、拥塞概率之间的关系,得出了中继网络容量。并指出话音中继通信时可通过合理规划中继网络、选择调制方式及人为协同的方法,合理规避通信干扰或拥塞,对工程应用具有参考价值。     

安全控制管理中心实现GSM安全通信

安全控制管理中心通过蜂窝移动通信网络,可构建蜂窝移动通信安全服务系统,为专用手机提供安全信息自动产生和分配、被动式和主动式安全信息销毁、安全数据控制以及失控专用手机追踪等安全通信管理服务,确保专用手机的使用、操作安全。论文提出专用手机利用在GSM提供的数据信道上建立的虚拟专网(VPN)来实现数字安全话音和安全数据通信,适合在国内外现有的GSM蜂窝移动通信系统上使用。     

Computer Modeling of the Local Telephone Network

In this paper, we describe the structure and operation of an innovative computer-based model of the local exchange telephone network known as the HCPM. This model can be used in a variety of regulatory arenas, since it provides a regulatory agency with an independent source of information about the forward-looking costs of providing local telephone service. The model can also be used more broadly by governmental agencies in planning for infrastructure development, expanding telephone service to currently unserved areas, or, as in the case of the U.S., designing an efficient universal service program. The HCPM represents an advance over previous models in its ability to build plant to precise customer locations if data are available, while retaining the flexibility of being able to produce good results even with more highly aggregate location data such as those available from the U.S. Census.     

基于移动增值业务统一运行环境架构的研究

目前,通信服务正从以电话为核心向信息提供为核心的多媒体信息业务进行转变,增值业务种类迅速发展。而移动增值业务具有需求发起无规则性、市场热点变化快、业务模式复杂等特点,不利于业务平台的规划建设和维护。采用关键因素分析法对影响增值业务平台整合的关键因素进行分析,提出增值业务统一运行环境（GRE,General Running Environment）架构方案,并通过实证研究的方法证实了GRE的增值业务架构相比传统增值业务平台架构在业务部署、系统效率、维护管理、节能环保等方面所具有的先进性和优越性。     

Planning a business communications network

The process of planning user networks that carry both data and voice, and possibly other media such as facsimile and video, between a number of computers located throughout the country and a variety of terminals and PCs among a large number of employees is discussed. A team consisting essentially of customer systems engineers from the telephone company, similar persons from the computer equipment supplier, and contacts in the user's communication department is used to illustrate the process; however, the approach works equally well with teams consisting of another appropriate mix. The factors considered include cost effectiveness, performance, maintainability, survivability, and network management. The networking aspects and their impact on the operating environment of the user are considered     

Universal digital portable radio communications

Providing voice and data communications to people away from their wireline telephones has become a major communication frontier. This frontier is being penetrated by evolving approaches to portable communications, e.g., cordless telephones, mobile radiotelephone, and radio paging. However, these approaches have many limitations; none can provide universal portable communications services. This paper discusses limitations of the evolving approaches and considers objectives and approaches for providing more universal digital portable communications as an integrated part of telephone exchange networks. These more universal communications could be accomplished by using demand-assigned radio links for the last thousand feet or so of telephone loops and sharing the remainder of the fixed distribution facilities. Fixed radio ports as integrated parts of telephone distribution networks could be placed throughout service regions. Efficient use of the radio spectrum could be insured by the planned reuse of radio frequencies throughout the regions. The severe multipath radio propagation environment within and around buildings that strongly influences the design of portable communications systems is described in the paper. System configurations and radio link techniques, that can provide reliable communications in the multipath environment, are discussed. Radio system calculations are illustrated for radio ports with 30-ft-high antennas in residential areas. The calculations indicate that radio link availability would be greater than 99 percent for 2000-ft port separations and 5-mW portable transmitters. Reuse of frequencies would require dividing the allocated frequency band into segments for use at adjacent ports. Calculations suggest that link availability in the cochannel interference environment would be greater than 99 percent, if 25 to 35 segments were used in residential areas.     

数字集群通信系统的接入分析与容量估算

数字集群通信系统缺乏有效的容量规划方法和模型,直接套用移动电话系统的策略会造成容量估算误差过大。数字集群系统在技术特性和业务处理流程上与移动电话系统存在许多差异,针对这些差异对数字集群系统随机接入过程和资源管理的特点进行了分析,提出了组呼业务与电话业务的归一化处理方法,以及数字集群系统的业务处理模型和话务统计模型,并基于提出的模型对接入信道的容量和系统服务等级进行了计算。     

Making the Connection: Single Women's Use of the Telephone in Dating Relationships With Men

The telephone is an important medium for constituting, maintaining, and terminating personal relationships that has been practically ignored by social scientists. This study remedies a notable gap in the fields of sociology and communication in regard to the social functions of the telephone. Dating relationships were used as the social context for examining telephone communication to understand women's negotiation of gender and power revolving around the telephone. In-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 25 single women in dating relationships. The interviews revealed distinct patterns of telephone use resulting from the women's perception of the balance of power in their relationships, their expectations of the relationships, and their expectations of gender in our culture. The study concludes that women use the telephone to exert control and power within their dating relationships, but that this control and power are confined by the cultural belief that a woman ought to have a man without pursuing one aggressively.     

An Approach to Multi-Service Subscriber Loop System Using Packetized Voice/Data Terminals

A new subscriber communication system and its design philosophy are described. In addition to telephone communication, the system is simultaneously able to offer data communication, still picture communication, etc. The system is composed of a packetized voice/data terminal, a multi-service switching equipment and the digital subscriber loop connecting between them. The system utilizes the existing subscriber line efficiently and is entirely suitable for coming telephone and data public digital network. 64 kbit/s PCM coded voice conversation and 48 kbit/s data communication were achieved simultaneously over 96 kbit/s digital subscriber line which was spanned up to 2 km.     

电缆调制-解调器的技术进展

首先说明传统电话网为了适应数据通信需要 ,在用户线上设置调制 -解调器 ,传送数据速率达5 0～ 6 0 kb/ s,又为了用户能够接入 Internet索取大量数据信息 ,在不对称数字用户线上设置调制 -解调器 ,在下行方向提供较高数据速率 1.5～ 9.0 Mb/ s。着重地介绍由光纤和同轴电缆混合组成的有线电视网 CATV,以及它除了广播电视信号外 ,还设置电缆调制 -解调器 cable modem,以便电视台与用户间能够互通电话和数据通信 ,并让用户接入 Internet索取信息 ,其数据速率高达 10～ 30 Mb/ s。     

The point of the spear [command and control communication system]

The command and control communication system that supported the 24th Infantry Division (Mechanized) during their charge into Iraq in Operation Desert Storm is discussed. The three primary types of communications used were the tactical telephone network, single channel radios, and hard copy or message traffic. Background on the communication systems is presented, and planning for the operation and deployment of the command and control communication system, including command post configurations, are described     

CDPD技术概述

目前,CDPD（蜂窝数字分组数据网）被公认为最佳无线数据格式。它是基于现有蜂窝电话网,以数字分组数据技术为基础、以蜂窝移动通信为组网方式的移动无线数据通信技术。文章详细介绍CDPD的网络结构、通信协议模型、通信过程和主要特点。     

Part IV--The evolution of techniques for data communication over voiceband channels

Data communication has grown dramatically in the past two decades, both in technical sophistication and in usage. While channels and networks designed expressly for data use have emerged, the voiceband channels of the telephone network continue to be the major transmission medium; data sets, or modems, play a role analogous to that of the telephone in voice communication. Fundamental developments such as adaptive equalization along with bandwidth-conserving signal formats have allowed the modem to better match the characteristics of the analog channel, resulting in increased available throughput. The quest for further improvements, along with elegant implementations and attractive user features, provide a continuing challenge to communication engineers. When the need arose to communicate digital data at transmission rates substantially higher than telegraph speeds, first for defense about mid-century and then for industry in the late 1950's, all the ingredients required for successful implementation were at hand. Decades earlier, Nyquist had formulated the filtering or band shaping requirements to allow the independent transmission of a sequence of signal samples. Just prior to mid-century, Shannon had published his celebrated information theory, which showed engineers the maximum rate at which they could signal through a channel if only they were clever enough. The telephone network, especially in the United States, had reached a high state of development and widespread accessibility; it seemed like an ideal vehicle to carry the new data communication traffic.     

Product attribute bullwhip in the technology planning process and a methodology to reduce it

This paper considers the upstream flow of product attribute forecast information often used to drive the technology planning process. It is noted that, while downstream customers are willing to pay for improvements in key product attributes, they do not always provide accurate and timely product attribute forecasts to upstream suppliers. As a result of this increasing distortion of product attribute demand as information flows upstream, upstream suppliers often either fail to develop technology that will be needed in the marketplace or develop technology that ultimately is unused. This is shown to be a strategic, technology planning analog to the tactical, order decision problem of order quantity bullwhip observed in the field of supply chain management. As such, we define the technology planning problem under consideration here as "product attribute bullwhip." Based on solutions employed to address order quantity bullwhip in supply chain management, we propose a methodology to reduce product attribute bullwhip by comparing product attribute information obtained directly from the end user with that which flows upstream through the supply chain. To illustrate this effect, we apply the proposed methodology to an example from the wireless communication industry by comparing trends in the perceived value of cellular telephone handset face area with trends in the perceived value of face area observed at the component level of the supply chain.     

Examining a curvilinear relationship between communication frequency and team performance in cross-functional project teams

The performance of a cross-functional team depends on the skillful and innovative combination of information and expertise from all team members. Communication is the medium through which team members share the information required for successful amalgamation. In this work, we postulate that both high and low levels of team communication can impede team performance, thus leading to a curvilinear relationship between team performance and team communication. To test this hypothesis, the relationships between face-to-face, e-mail, and telephone communication and team performance were examined for 60 cross-functional project teams. E-mail and face-to-face communication were curvilinearly associated with performance, but telephone communication was not. Further analysis of the communication frequency between colocations showed that e-mail is the only medium for which usage increased with distance.