翅片缩放管相变蓄热体热工特性数值模拟

蓄热式换热器是高温有机化合物废气氧化器的核心部件之一。提出了一种带有赤藓糖醇相变材料的翅片缩放管式蓄热体,并用数值模拟的方法对蓄热体蓄放热过程的热工特性进行研究,分析了翅片厚度对蓄热体传热性能的影响。模拟结果表明：翅片缩放管（翅片厚2 mm ）在蓄/放热阶段的传热速率分别比光管缩放管高13％和9％,一定条件下适度增加翅片厚度有助于提高蓄热体的蓄放热性能。所得结论为今后翅片缩放管相变蓄热体的优化设计提供了理论依据。     

一种脉动热管相变蓄放热试验装置的设计

介绍了脉动热管相变蓄放热装置的设计过程,确定了其具体形式、脉动热管走势、管径、壁厚、弯头数、工作介质等。通过遴选确定Ba(OH)_2·8H_2O作为相变蓄热材料。对比常规热管进行蓄放热试验,验证在蓄热过程中脉动热管节省了蓄热时间,优化了传热均匀性,但在放热过程中没有优势。     

圆柱形相变单元的蓄热装置蓄热特性分析

设计了基于圆柱形相变蓄热单元的相变蓄热装置，通过循环实验对蓄热装置的运行特性进行分析，研究了装置的蓄热影响因素。研究结果表明；在等质量相变材料（Phase Change Material,PCM）时，相变单元数量对装置蓄热速率的影响较大；蓄热单元布置间距对装置蓄热速率的影响较小；当增大换热流体（Heat Transfer Fluid,HTF）的流量时，装置总蓄热时间分别缩短了14.5%和29%；提高换热流体入口温度时，不仅增加了蓄热装置的总蓄热量，并且总体蓄热时间分别缩短了10.6%和16.5%。     

肋板式相变蓄热器蓄热性能的试验研究

采用萘作为蓄热材料,对其在新型铝制肋板式相变蓄热器中的储、放热过程即内部萘的熔化和凝固过程进行了试验研究,改变了供、取热流体参数,测定了储、放热过程的时间,分析了热流体的入口温度与流量对蓄热器储、放热过程的影响.结果表明,新型肋板式相变蓄热器极好地发挥了换热元件的作用,热流体的入口温度与流量对储、放热速率有重要的影响.     

封装优态盐同心套管储冷特性试验研究北大核心CSCD

通过自行建立的试验台,对封装优态盐同心套管式相变储冷单元的蓄冷、释冷特性进行试验研究。主要研究了制冷剂的蒸发温度对蓄冷特性的影响及载冷剂的温度和流量对释冷特性的影响。结果表明,制冷剂的蒸发温度对蓄冷的影响较大,制冷剂的蒸发温度越低,结冰越快,结冰率越大,达到同样的结冰率需要的时间也越短;载冷剂的进口温度对释冷过程的影响较大,相比之下载冷剂的流量对蓄冷和释冷过程的影响要小。在试验条件下,蓄冷时较合理的制冷剂蒸发温度和载冷剂流量分别为1℃和0.241m3/h,释冷过程较合适的载冷剂进口温度和载冷剂流量分别为10℃和0.283m3/h。     

封装优态盐同心套管储冷特性试验研究

通过自行建立的试验台,对封装优态盐同心套管式相变储冷单元的蓄冷、释冷特性进行试验研究。主要研究了制冷剂的蒸发温度对蓄冷特性的影响及载冷剂的温度和流量对释冷特性的影响。结果表明,制冷剂的蒸发温度对蓄冷的影响较大,制冷剂的蒸发温度越低,结冰越快,结冰率越大,达到同样的结冰率需要的时间也越短;载冷剂的进口温度对释冷过程的影响较大,相比之下载冷剂的流量对蓄冷和释冷过程的影响要小。在试验条件下,蓄冷时较合理的制冷剂蒸发温度和载冷剂流量分别为1℃和0.241m3/h,释冷过程较合适的载冷剂进口温度和载冷剂流量分别为10℃和0.283m3/h。     

相变储能材料应用于外墙的性能研究

本文针对利用相变材料的蓄放热特性来抑制室外温度波动对室内温度的影响进行了分析,对在提高室内环境舒适度、减少能量消耗方面进行了研究。对定形相变石膏板进行了冷热箱实验,在同样的加热和散热条件下且处于相同环境下,单层相变蓄能石膏墙板与多层相变蓄能石膏板均比普通石膏墙板具有更强的蓄放热能力,可以有效利用周围环境温度的变化进行蓄放热,提高了墙体的节能效果,在一定误差范围内用焓法模型用以求解相变传热问题是可靠的。     

水-相变材料复合蓄热装置的充放热特性研究

研究了一种新型的水-相变材料复合蓄热装置,在水箱的上部添加少量相变材料,设置2个均流孔板将水箱分为高温段、低温段和过渡段,并对其蓄热特性进行了试验研究,分析了充热、放热过程中水箱内的温度分布,以及相关因素的影响.试验测试表明:(1) 水-相变材料复合水箱在充热和放热过程中,均存在着明显的温度分层;(2) 对于充热过程,流量越小,充热温度越稿,分层效果越明显;(3) 对于取热过程,相变材料能有效提高较高温度热水的供应量.     

螺旋凹槽相变球蓄热效率仿真与研究

为了提高蓄热装置内蓄热球的蓄热效率,该文设计了一种表面有螺旋凹槽的蓄热球,用ICEM CFD建立了三维模型并进行网格划分,在fluent中分别仿真了一种基于凹槽蓄热球和光滑蓄热球的相变储热水箱在初始温度308 K、入口流速0.1 m/s、入口温度363K和初始温度308 K、入口流速0.15 m/s、入口温度363 K两种工况下的蓄热过程,得到了蓄热过程中相变材料(PCM)温度和液相率随时间的变化曲线以及液相率的分布云图,截取了蓄热过程中某一时刻的水流速度矢量图.研究结果得出:与光滑蓄热球相比,螺旋凹槽蓄热球的凹槽结构既增加了PCM与热媒体的热交换面积,又增强了蓄热箱内的对流传热,提高了换热效率,避免了热量的流失.对整个蓄热箱而言,大大减少了蓄热时间,提高了蓄热箱的蓄热效率.     

太阳能热发电系统蓄热装置的模拟研究

利用FLUENT软件中的凝固/熔化模型,对太阳能热发电高温相变蓄热器的蓄、放热过程进行了数值模拟,主要研究了傅立叶数、斯蒂芬数、雷诺数对相变过程的影响,并对结果进行了分析,同时通过最小二乘法原理对换热准则式进行了拟合,掌握了太阳能热发电高温相变蓄热器相变过程的规律,为太阳能热发电系统蓄热装置的优化设计提供了重要参考价值和理论依据。     

Heat transfer characteristics in latent heat storage system using paraffin wax

An energy storage system has been designed to study the heat transfer characteristics of paraffin wax during melting and solidification processes in a vertical annulus energy storage system. In the experimental study, three important issues are focused. The first one is temperature distribution in the phase change material (PCM) during the phase change processes. The second one is the thermal characteristics of the paraffin wax, which includes total melting and total solidification times, the nature of heat transfer phenomena in melted and solidified PCM and the effect of Reynolds number as inlet heat transfer fluid (HTF) conditions on the heat transfer parameters. The final one is to calculate heat transfer coefficient and effectiveness during solidification process. The experimental results proved that the PCM melts and solidifies congruently, and the melting front moved from the top to the bottom of the PCM container whereas the solidification front moved from bottom to the top along the axial distances in the PCM container. Experiment has been performed for different water flow rates at constant inlet temperature of heat transfer fluid for recovery and use of heat. Time-based variations of the temperature distributions were explained from the results of observations of melting and solidification curves. Charging and discharging processes were carried out. Heat transfer characteristics were studied.     

单元组装式太阳能储热器的Fluent蓄热性能研究

研制一种单元组装式太阳能储热器,采用熔盐作为蓄热材料,利用Fluent中的凝固/融化模型对相变材料在储热器的蓄热、相变过程进行数值模拟研究,得到了相变材料固-液相变过程不同时刻的温度场分布,通过与实验数据对比验证了模拟方法的可行性;分析了传热介质入口温度以及流速对储热器储能过程的影响,计算了一定工况下,储能过程温度随时间的变化情况,得到之间的关系表达式以及对流传热系数与Re的关系,对太阳能储热器的设计、模块化生产及应用具有重要现实意义。     

Isothermal characteristics of a rectangular parallelepiped sodium heat pipe

The isothermal characteristics of a rectangular parallelepiped sodium heat pipe were investigated for high-temperature applications. The heat pipes was made of stainless steel of which the dimension was 140 m(L) ×95m(W) ×46m(H) and the thickness of the container was 5 mm. Both inner surfaces of evaporator and condenser were covered with screen meshes to help spread the liquid state working fluid. To provide additional path for the working fluid, a lattice structure covered with screen mesh wick was inserted in the heat pipe. The bottom surface of the heat pipe was heated by an electric heater and the top surface was cooled by circulating coolant. The concern in this study was to enhance the temperature uniformity at the bottom surface of the heat pipe while an uneven heat source up to 900 W was in contact. The temperature distribution over the bottom surface was monitored at more than twenty six locations. It was found that the operating performance of the sodium heat pipe was critically affected by the inner wall temperature of the condenser region where the working fluid may be changed to a solid phase unless the temperature was higher than its melting point. The maximum temperature difference across the bottom surface was observed to be 114^°C for 850 W thermal load and 100^°C coolant inlet temperature. The effects of fill charge ratio, coolant inlet temperature and operating temperature on thermal performance of heat pipe were analyzed and discussed.     

双列螺旋槽液膜密封的相变流动特性

为研究高速、低温工况下的液膜密封气液两相流现象,基于均相流体理论,构建了液膜密封相变模型,分析了流体膜两相流动特性和工况参数对相态转变的影响.结果表明:流动空间发散是槽区相变的主要因素,相变的吸热散热导致温度场显著变化;转速升高时,流体动压增强,温度升高,相变范围扩展,相变速率增大;介质温度升高使流体动压减弱,汽化吸热...     

双级复叠式蓄冷系统性能的试验研究

为得到二级蓄冷机组在不同蒸发器进口温度下,机组和整个蓄冷系统效率随低温冷却水温的变化规律,本文搭建了乙二醇蓄冷系统实验台和地源热泵实验台,由一级地源热泵实验台负责二级蓄冷机组低温冷却水的供给。通过试验得到,在蒸发器进口温度一定时,降低冷却水进口温度可有效提高机组的效率,但冷却水温并不是越低越好,需综合考虑整个系统的运行状况。     

Performance characteristics of a MPCM slurry cooled unit designed for telecommunication equipment

Optimum control of the PCB surface temperature is very important in achieving high performance and operational reliability of telecommunication equipment with high power density and thermal density. In this study, the performance of a liquid cooling unit with MPCM slurries (called as “MPCM cooled unit”) was tested and analyzed. In addition, its performance was compared with that of an air cooled unit and a water cooled unit. The maximum surface temperature and the index of uniform temperature distribution (IUTD) were introduced to analyze cooling performance. The surface temperature in the unit rack of telecommunication equipment can be controlled properly by using an MPCM cooled unit instead of an air cooled unit. The maximum surface temperature and IUTD of the MPCM cooled unit at the inlet temperature of 19°C were lower than those at inlet temperatures of 25°C and 27°C due to the increases of heat capacity and heat transfer rate. The heat capacity of the MPCM cooled unit increased significantly with the increase of mass flow rate due to high specific heat of MPCM particles with latent heat transfer rate. The cooling performance of the MPCM cooled unit was superior to that of the water cooled unit.     

竖直矩形窄通道内水流动沸腾换热特性的研究

建立单面加热垂直矩形窄通道流动沸腾换热试验装置,针对截面250mm×3.5mm的窄缝通道,对水流动沸腾换热特性进行试验研究。通过试验分析可知:(1)随着干度的增加,局部换热系数先增加后减小,有一个最大值,此时处于饱和核沸腾区域,其蒸汽干度也接近于0,同时也接近于沸腾起始点。相应地流体从单相流-泡状-块状流-搅拌-环状流转变。(2)在流动沸腾换热中,热流密度对核态沸腾换热有明显影响,而对流动沸腾液膜蒸发的影响甚小,所以可以认为由热流密度的变化而引起的换热变化,主要表现在核态沸腾。(3)入口温度的变化对单相流动的换热系数有影响,而沸腾换热系数与流型及汽泡的产生及扰动有极大关系,入口温度对流动沸腾局部换热系数基本没有影响。     

圆柱形相变储热器热损失的试验研究

相变储热有着密度高、体积小、质量轻,蓄放热过程中温度波动小等优点,在太阳能热利用、工业余热回收、采暖及空调等领域有着较为广泛的应用。本文利用相变储热试验平台模拟储热器的工作原理,对储热器不工作状态下内部和外部温度进行监测,发现相变储热器在非稳态散热时具有比较明显的凝固放热现象,而且通过顶面的热损失严重;对储热器热损失进行了分类,对储热器热损失系数这一关键数据进行探讨;最后,在试验和理论分析基础上提出增大上部保温层厚度、加强进出口部位的保温、减小管径和增加阀门可减小储热器通过顶面的热损失。