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燃煤电站锅炉NOx排放的控制措施 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
基于我国燃煤电站锅炉NOx排放的实际情况,在对影响其NOx排放各因素进行分析的基础上,细化了低氧燃烧、空气分级燃烧、低NOx燃烧器和燃料分级燃烧技术在我国电站锅炉的应用,指出锅炉设计中应尽可能选用切向燃烧方式,将再燃技术应用于降低燃用低挥发分煤的固态排渣电站锅炉设计和改造中以进一步降低NOx排放并满足国家标准的要求,锅炉运行中尽量减小各喷口风粉量的偏差,合理组织沿炉膛水平方向和高度方向(倒梯形、缩腰形等)的分级燃烧实现降低NOx排放的最佳效果. 相似文献
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某台1000MW超超临界锅炉燃烧器的布置对(NOx)的影响,在燃烧调整过程中,通过改变燃烧配风,调整煤粉分配浓度,得出煤粉燃烧器出口煤粉浓度、燃烧器分级配风比例对(NOx)排放规律的影响,为燃煤锅炉采用浓淡分离和分级燃烧技术实现低(NOx)燃烧奠定了基础。 相似文献
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《燃烧科学与技术》2016,(1)
对一台600,MW W型火焰锅炉拱上QA/QC(A层二次风总流量与C层二次风总流量之比)二次风不同比例对锅炉燃烧及NOx排放影响进行了数值模拟,并对A、C二次风开度进行了工业试验研究.模拟结果与试验结果符合较好,模拟研究结果表明,随着QA/QC二次风比例减小,炉拱区域回流区增大,煤粉气流着火距离缩短,燃烧稳定性增强,下炉膛区域火焰充满度提高,平均温度增加;炉拱煤粉火焰下冲深度增加,煤粉燃尽率增加,飞灰含碳量降低;而在拱下着火及燃烧区的空气分级程度减弱,NOx生成和排放量增加.工业试验表明,增加A风开度时,尽管机械不完全燃烧损失减小,锅炉效率有所增加,但NOx排放量明显增加.随着炉拱C二次风开度的增加,不仅锅炉效率降低,NOx排放量也明显增加.兼顾燃烧设备安全性、建议在同类型锅炉优化运行时,尽量将A风及C风开度设置在10%,以下,有利于提高运行经济性和降低NOx排放量. 相似文献
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对一台700 MW四角切圆煤粉锅炉低NOx燃烧改造前后开展了多工况炉内流动、燃烧、传热与污染物排放特性的数值模拟,模拟结果与测量值符合良好。数值模拟与实际运行结果都表明:采用M-PM低NOx燃烧器并进行深度空气分级燃烧改造后,炉内空气动力特性良好,气流不会直接冲刷水冷壁;主燃烧区处于低氧高CO浓度的强还原性气氛,可抑制NO生成并大量还原已生成NO,锅炉NOx排放显著降低,100%、75%和50%负荷下分别降低了68.8%、52.9%和56.6%;屏底烟气温度明显增加,主、再热汽温特性明显改善,温度升高达到设计值;水冷壁壁面热负荷更加均匀;尽管飞灰含碳量和CO排放浓度增加,但排烟温度降低了约10℃,排烟热损失降低大于机械和化学不完全燃烧损失增加之和,锅炉效率升高。 相似文献
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采用煤粉燃烧自维持一维试验炉进行了不同煤粉粒径贫煤的单级和多级空气分级燃烧试验,研究了煤粉粒径对煤粉空气分级燃烧NOx排放的影响,探索适用于贫煤空气分级燃烧的煤粉粒径参数和分级级数,以实现较低的NOx排放.结果 表明:粒径影响炉内煤粉颗粒燃烧过程和NOx生成特性,细煤粉颗粒的燃烧速率更快,在炉内易形成还原性气氛,有利于抑制NOx生成和促进已生成的NOx的均相异相还原反应;在深度空气分级燃烧条件下,粒径减小对于降低NOx排放的作用更加显著;采用多级空气分级燃烧能够进一步降低NOx排放量.建议在实际燃用贫煤的锅炉中,采用两级空气分级燃烧和平均粒径为22.78 μm的细煤粉相结合的燃烧技术方案,此时NOx质量浓度可减少27.9%. 相似文献
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社会的可持续性发展,使得对环境的要求达到一个新的高度。减少氮氧化物的排放是一个亟待解决的问题,燃料再燃技术是解决此问题的一个十分可行的方法。文章分析了燃料再燃技术的原理,论述了超细煤粉再燃NOx的排放在中试试验炉上的试验和数值模拟结果,中间储仓式热风送粉系统采用三次风再燃技术降低NOx的排放,结果表明这两种燃料再燃技术都可有效降低氮氧化物的排放。 相似文献
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Low NOx burner and air staged combustion are widely applied to control NOx emission in coal-fired power plants. The gas-solid two-phase flow, pulverized coal combustion and NOx emission characteristics of a single low NOx swirl burner in an existing coal-fired boiler was numerically simulated to analyze the mechanisms of flame stability and in-flame NOx reduction. And the detailed NOx formation and reduction model under fuel rich conditions was employed to optimize NOx emissions for the low NOx burner with air staged combustion of different burner stoichiometric ratios. The results show that the specially-designed swirl burner structures including the pulverized coal concentrator, flame stabilizing ring and baffle plate create an ignition region of high gas temperature, proper oxygen concentration and high pulverized coal concentration near the annular recirculation zone at the burner outlet for flame stability. At the same time, the annular recirculation zone is generated between the primary and secondary air jets to promote the rapid ignition and combustion of pulverized coal particles to consume oxygen, and then a reducing region is formed as fuel-rich environment to contribute to in-flame NOX reduction. Moreover, the NOx concentration at the outlet of the combustion chamber is greatly reduced when the deep air staged combustion with the burner stoichiometric ratio of 0.75 is adopted, and the CO concentration at the outlet of the combustion chamber can be maintained simultaneously at a low level through the over-fired air injection of high velocity to enhance the mixing of the fresh air with the flue gas, which can provide the optimal solution for lower NOx emission in the existing coal-fired boilers. 相似文献
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从百叶窗式水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器的结构入手,分析了其稳燃性、NOx低排放的机理,通过安阳电厂9号和10号炉燃烧器的改造情况和试验结果看,NOx低排放量、稳燃性达到了理想效果,对同类型机组有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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The article presents both field and CFD results of a new concept of a mechanical pulverized fuel(PF)distributor.The goal of the study was to improve the pulverized coal-air mixture separation in PF boilers where the fuel preparation and feeding system was operated in a combined coal and biomass grinding conditions.The numerical analysis was preceded after a field study,where measurements were carried out in a pulverized coal-fired(PC)boiler equipped with a technology of NOx reduction by means of primary methods.Proper distribution of a pulverized coal-air mixture to the individual burners is one of the fundamental tasks of the combustion systems where the primary methods are implemented to control the NOx emission.Problems maintaining the proper distribution of fuel to the burners related primarily to the boilers where the coal and biomass co-grinding is used.Changing the load of coal-mills and fuel type at the same time(i.e.,different types of biomass)could result in less effective separation of pulverized fuel particles in PF distributors.Selection of an appropriate construction of a distributor will allow the better control of the combustion process which results in decreased NOx emission while keeping the proper combustion efficiency,i.e.,less unburned carbon(UBC)in the fly ash.The results of the field measurements made it possible to create a CFD distribution base model,which was used for the analysis of a new splitter construction to be used in a PF distributor.Subsequent analysis of the numerical splitter enables precise analysis of its construction,including the efficiency of separation and the prediction of conveying of the coal and biomass particles. 相似文献
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分析了煤粉燃烧过程NOx的形成机制和特点,研究了减少NOx生成量的基本途径和分级燃烧的基本原理,并进行了数值分析。在乌拉山电厂100MW煤粉炉上进行了分级燃烧改造,将以轴向空气分级和径向空气分级为核心的现代低NOx燃烧技术引入了传统的煤粉炉燃烧系统中,考察了炉膛轴向和径向分级风,过量空气系数,锅炉负荷等因素对炉内NOx形成的影响。NOx排放浓度降低了250-500mg/m^3(干烟气,70%O2)。 相似文献