新型智能阀门控制器的研究

针对传统接触器正反控制电路中主触头容易产生拉弧和火花这一状况,提出采用电力电子器件双向可控硅代替传统接触器.为解决当前智能控制系统设计、安装、调试和维护过程复杂且成本较高等问题,给出基于电力载波通信技术的新型智能阀门控制器设计方案.通过人防工程现场测试表明,在有一定干扰的环境下,所设计的新型智能阀门控制器的通信数据包能够达到99.89％以上的正确率,满足现场应用要求.测试结果证明,该控制器应用于人防工程具有较高的实用性和可靠性.     

基于STM32的同步碎石封层车控制系统设计

为了提高同步碎石封层车的工作性能,设计了基于STM32的单片机作为主控制器和沥青洒布量模块控制器,对整个控制系统进行了硬件、软件设计。为提高整个系统的可靠性,采用分布式控制设计方案,对于沥青洒布量控制采用独立的控制模块,通过CAN总线与主控制器通信,这样减小各模块之间的干扰,满足了同步碎石封层车复杂的工业现场环境。     

CAN总线单片机PIC18F4580在动平衡机测量系统中的应用

以集成CAN控制器的PIC18F4580单片机为测量系统中的控制单元,介绍了基于CAN总线的控制智能节点的设计方法,给出了系统主要硬件和软件设计流程。该电路能够与主节点测量单元正常通信,能够实现启动测量、新转子加入等功能,具有可靠性高、实时性强等特点,为基于PIC18F4580微处理器的CAN总线通信电子控制单元的开发提供了一定的科学依据。     

一种矿井主排水智能监控系统的设计探讨

探讨了一种新型的矿井主排水智能监控系统的设计,介绍了系统工作原理、关键技术及具体设计方案。除具备一般监控系统的功能外,该矿井主排水智能监控系统采用基于动态超限水位的方法控制水泵的启动,并将警情所在现场的图片信息发送给责任者;将基本功能封装为Web服务,可在局域网和广域网范围内实现对现场信息的快速查看。     

SUPMAX800D智能I/O卡上位机设计

当普通分散控制系统的主控制器发生故障时,整个系统将失去逻辑控制功能,为此设计了具有逻辑控制功能的智能I/O卡.在智能I/O卡硬件设计的基础上,以VC2008为开发平台,提出了智能I/O卡的上位机软件设计方案.该方案实现了下载组态、控制命令、上传组态以及串口通信等功能.测试结果表明,该软件运行安全、可靠,满足应用的要求.     

基于ZigBee的大型公共建筑能耗采集器设计

针对大型公共建筑能耗实时采集系统中存在的布线复杂、通信成本高、安全性低等问题,提出一种基于ZigBee技术的能耗数据采集器设计方案。该方案采用STM32做主控制器, ZigBee采集单元通过RS485接口实现与基于Modbus协议的智能电表之间的数据通信,并采用ZigBee无线网络将数据发送至协调器,协调器通过USART方式与主控制器进行通信;主控制器利用以太网将数据发送至上位机。通过软硬件设计,以XY194E智能电表为例,对其电能参数进行测试采集,结果表明该方案克服了传统人工采集传输的不足,提高了数据采集传输的实时性、准确性,能够满足能耗采集系统的要求。     

企业集散控制系统总线型控制器的设计

本文设计了适用于中小型企业的集散控制系统中控制器部分.主要介绍了该控制系统的整体架构,研制了现场控制器的硬件系统.控制网络系统采用三层结构,核心是直接控制工业过程的现场控制层.现场控制层主控制器采用模块化设计方式,模块之间采用总线互连.主控制CPU选用的是高性能的32位嵌入式ARM核处理器芯片,模块间通信总线选用SMBus串行总线.     

基于ARM9的工业以太网控制系统智能节点控制器设计

文章提出了一种基于ARM9处理器S3C2410的工业以太网控制系统智能节点控制器的设计方案.该控制器作为工业以太网控制系统的现场控制级,采用Linux作为嵌入式操作系统.主要用于对现场设备进行监控,能够向上位级发送现场实时数据,并接受上位机发送的控制信息,对现场设备进行控制.     

基于PLC的油料储运监控系统的设计与实现

文中介绍了基于PLC的油料储运监控系统的设计方案、系统组成、硬件设计与软件设计,阐述了采用Pakscan主站控制器控制的智能电动阀的特点及其与PLC的通讯方法,同时采用3级故障显示报警系统提高系统的可靠性。     

空分装置安全仪表系统设计

安全仪表系统是确保空分装置安全运行的重要保证,针对空分装置安全仪表系统的设计问题,介绍了需从检测单元、逻辑控制单元、最终执行单元三部分整体设计。对于最重要的逻辑控制单元的设计,介绍了采用安全可编程控制器的实现方案,总结了当前安全可编程控制器的主要结构和特点。针对空分装置安全仪表系统回路数较少,采用整套安全可编程控制器成本负担较重的特点,提出了基于安全报警器和安全继电器的设计方案,并结合实际3取2投票结构计算公式,计算了采用该方案实现的逻辑控制器失效率,结果验证了该方案的安全性和经济性。最后分析对比了两种方案的特点和使用场合,为空分装置安全仪表系统设计者提供了重要参考。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.