基于过程结构树的过程模型变体匹配技术

随着过程模型的不断积累和演化,企业组织常常拥有并管理维护成百上千个业务过程模型.由于建模目标和应用场景的不同,参考模型的裁剪和定制以及模型的更新修改等因素,导致过程模型库中可能存在大量相似的过程模型变体.重点研究如何有效管理和识别过程变体之间的共同点和差异性,即自动化地构建过程模型变体之间的匹配关系.为了支持复杂对应关系,保证匹配关系查找效率和结果的有效性,提出了基于过程结构树的模型元素匹配关系构建技术,并进一步给出了基于树编辑距离的过程模型相似性度量方法.通过针对真实的过程模型集合的实验评估表明,该方法在查全率和查准率指标上表现出了良好的效果.     

业务过程建模中冲突消解的研究

业务过程建模是整个工作流管理的基础,在工作流执行之前,需要对业务过程模型进行分析和检测,对含有冲突的模型进行冲突消解,以协助建模人员修改业务过程模型。介绍了冲突的体系结构,对近年来在冲突消解方面的研究进行论述,并提出了含有二级检测机制的冲突消解工具结构,为业务过程模型的分析提供依据。     

分离业务规则和过程流的业务过程模型研究

针对动态环境中业务逻辑的不断变化,通过业务规则和过程流分别描述业务过程中的易变和相对稳定业务逻辑,构建了业务过程模型BPM4DBL（Business Process Model for Dynamic Business Logic）。模型引入了活动、规则和事件元素,定义了分离业务规则和过程流的元组表达,并且给出了业务规则和过程流之间的耦合策略。最后,给出了一个BPM4DBL的具体应用实例。     

基于业务过程管理的库存管理系统的研究与设计

本文在分析了业务过程管理技术原理和运行机制的基础上,结合业务过程管理技术的特点,给出了一种适应于业务过程管理的基于业务过程管理的信息系统模型以及各个层次提供的主要服务和功能;并设计了一种基于业务过程管理的库存管理系统。     

业务导向及模型驱动MIS软件构建的模型体系研究*

针对目前模型驱动架构对MIS开发中的业务建模与需求建模不能提供有效支持这一问题,提出一个以业务为导向、支持模型驱动MIS软件构建的模型体系;建立了一个以业务过程建模为核心的集成化建模元模型,给出了模型详细定义,为实现业务导向及模型驱动的MIS构造模式提供理论基础。     

一种分离业务规则的灵活业务过程建模方法

针对动态环境中业务应用的不断变化,将易变的业务逻辑从过程控制结构中分离,并且通过业务规则的声明性表达式描述,由此构建了业务过程模型BPM4DBL(Business Process Model for Dynamic Business Logic)。在建立规则元素的模型定义后,给出了业务规则的定义、分类和可执行语言描述,最后给出一个BPM4DBL的具体应用实例。     

用基于代理的方法构建互联网业务环境

网络的最终价值在于它所能提供给最终用户的业务，而不是网络本身的通信能力．互联网已成为计算机网络业务实现的主要环境．随着互联网业务数量、种类越来越多，过程越来越复杂，人们急需构建一种合适的互联网业务环境，在此环境基础之上能够快速方便地实现业务生成、交付、配置、发现和管理，以业务为驱动来合理地使用网络资源．本文分析了业务参与方相互关系．提出了一种基于代理的互联网业务环境，确定了各种代理在业务环境中所需具备的功能，对业务过程和业务环境实现方法进行了说明。给出了一个基于此业务环境的应用实例．     

面向业务过程的企业应用集成方案的研究

在分析传统企业应用集成方案的基础上,提出了面向业务过程的企业应用集成EAI(Enterprise Application Integration)架构模型。给出了J2EE平台下面向业务过程EAI架构模型的结构,并讨论了如何用虚拟组件、EJB组件和WebServices组件实现过程对象、业务对象和领域对象;最后给出了集成案例,验证了该架构模型的可行性。     

支持快速构建领域应用系统的业务过程模型研究*

针对基于业务基础平台快速构建领域应用系统,建立了业务过程模型BPM4DBL(business process model for dynamic business logic).模型中包括活动和规则元素,可以描述领域应用中宏观实体和微观知识结构;给出了模型中元素的构建步骤和原则,并定义了模型向XPDL(XML process definition language)和BPEL4WS(bussiness process execution language for Web service)的映射规则,从而支持领域应用系统的快速构建.最后给出了一个具体的应用实例.     

面向性能分析和优化的多业务过程仿真方法研究

针对业务过程性能分析和优化多侧重于对已部署的业务过程进行事后的性能监控、管理和数据分析等问题,详细分析了业务过程性能和仿真优化的研究进展,提出了一种与企业模型和工作流模型相兼容的集成化业务过程仿真建模方法（IBPSM）,并设计了支持IBPSM的多业务过程仿真工具（MBPST）原型系统。最后给出了一个具体的应用案例。实践表明这种事前的基于多业务过程仿真方法提供了业务过程性能的仿真分析与优化;同时可对优化后的业务过程进行快速部署,有利于业务过程的信息化实现。     

A unified framework for managing Web-based services

The emergence of Web technologies enables a variety of Web-based service applications, which can be examined from business process integration, supply chain management, and knowledge management perspectives. To categorize existing Web-based services while foreseeing potential new types, a unified view is needed to represent the structures and processes of Web-based services. This paper proposes a general framework to identify essential structures and operations of Web-based services, and then models these components. We articulate the framework with Web technologies, such as Web service and semantic Web, multi-agent and peer-to-peer, and Web information retrieval and mining. Two comprehensive examples in insurance and knowledge services are used to elaborate the use of Web-based service framework in fulfilling business processes. This study synthesizes essential structures and processes of Web-based services to build a framework for researchers and practitioners to develop Web-based services and techniques.     

一个Web服务管理框架设计方案

简单地说,Web服务(Web Services)就是自描述模块化的业务应用程序,它可以通过可编程接口经由Internet将业务逻辑发布为服务,并通过XML,SOAP,WSDL,UDDI和ebXML等标准协议来查找、订阅和调用这些服务。文中针对日益增长的Web服务管理的需求以及存在的问题,对Web服务管理(Web Service Management)、Web服务管理原则和管理模式等做了深入的研究探讨,提出了一个Web服务管理框架设计方案,同时阐明了框架的内部组成模块以及各部分之间的相互关系。     

The WSLA Framework: Specifying and Monitoring Service Level Agreements for Web Services

We describe a novel framework for specifying and monitoring Service Level Agreements (SLA) for Web Services. SLA monitoring and enforcement become increasingly important in a Web Service environment where enterprise applications and services rely on services that may be subscribed dynamically and on-demand. For economic and practical reasons, we want an automated provisioning process for both the service itself as well as the SLA managment system that measures and monitors the QoS parameters, checks the agreed-upon service levels, and reports violations to the authorized parties involved in the SLA management process. Our approach to these issues is presented in this paper. The Web Service Level Agreement (WSLA) framework is targeted at defining and monitoring SLAs for Web Services. Although WSLA has been designed for a Web Services environment, it is applicable as well to any inter-domain management scenario, such as business process and service management, or the management of networks, systems and applications in general. The WSLA framework consists of a flexible and extensible language based on XML Schema and a runtime architecture comprising several SLA monitoring services, which may be outsourced to third parties to ensure a maximum of objectivity. WSLA enables service customers and providers to unambiguously define a wide variety of SLAs, specify the SLA parameters and the way they are measured, and relate them to managed resource instrumentations. Upon receipt of an SLA specification, the WSLA monitoring services are automatically configured to enforce the SLA. An implementation of the WSLA framework, termed SLA Compliance Monitor, is publicly available as part of the IBM Web Services Toolkit.     

BPEL中基于有限状态自动机的Web服务自动组合

提出了一种基于有限状态自动机的Web服务自动组合方法,该方法能够自动实现BPEL中抽象业务流程与Web服务的绑定.以有限状态自动机模型形式化地定义了业务流程的外模式和内模式,将Web服务组合问题转化为有限状态自动机问题.利用有限状态自动机的笛卡儿积运算,得出了服务组合系统的行为描述.在此基础上,提出了组合服务存在性的判定依据,进一步给出了组合服务的计算方法,设计并实现了一个演示系统.     

Research on dynamic business composition based on web service proxies

Web services-based business composition brings a number of advantages to the enterprise application development. How to select and compose the web services based on their functionality and QoS (Quality of Service) dynamically prove to be more and more important. In this paper we develop a proxy-based framework to compose Web services dynamically. The framework is featured with a QoS model, an effective service discovery and selection algorithms to facilitate the dynamic integration of Web services and management of abnormalities. Furthermore, a business process constructing method based on service slice is put forward to satisfy the users’ personalized requirements more effectively and flexibly. Our study concerns both functionality and QoS characteristics of Web services to identify the optimal business process solutions. A Complete case study is also included in this paper and the performance demonstrated that the framework and algorithms can provide a tangible and reliable solution to dynamic Web service composition and adaptation.     

Quality management in service ecosystems

Service-oriented architectures and Web services mature and have become more widely accepted and used by industry. This growing adoption increased the demands for new ways of using Web service technology. Users start re-combining and mediating other providers’ services in ways that have not been anticipated by their original provider. Within organisations and cross-organisational communities, discoverable services are organised in repositories providing convenient access to adaptable end-to-end business processes. This idea is captured in the term Service Ecosystem. This paper addresses the question of how quality management can be performed in such service ecosystems. Service quality management is a key challenge when services are composed of a dynamic set of heterogeneous sub-services from different service providers. This paper contributes to this important area by developing a reference model of quality management in service ecosystems. We illustrate the application of the reference model in an exploratory case study. With this case study, we show how the reference model helps to derive requirements for the implementation and support of quality management in an exemplary service ecosystem in public administration.     

A layered architecture for flexible Web service invocation

Web service composition is emerging as an interesting approach to integrate business applications and create intra‐organizational business processes. Single Web services are combined to create a complex Web service that will realize the process business logic. Once the process is created, it is executed by an orchestration engine that invokes individual Web services in the correct order. However, Web services composing the workflow sometimes become unavailable during the run‐time phase, blocking process execution. This paper describes an architecture that allows the flexible orchestration of business processes. With this approach, Web services composing the process can be automatically substituted with other compatible Web services during process execution. A methodology is defined to evaluate Web service compatibility based on interface matching, in order to select substitutable Web services. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

状态驱动的可执行业务流程模型的设计与实现

在企业间的流程协同过程中,为了使企业的业务规则管理更灵活,防止企业私有的业务规则暴露给其他企业,并有效地监控流程的执行过程,将业务规则库和Web服务有机地整合,构建状态驱动的可执行业务流程模型（SEBPM）。通过定义抽象业务流和扩展的业务规则,得出业务规则和过程流之间的耦合策略。给出一个SEBPM的具体应用实例。     

应用于Web服务合成的一种有效的Web服务发现策略

随着Web服务的流行，如何发现Web服务为研究者们提出了挑战．文中将描述Web服务的信息分为服务操作信息（OWSDL）、服务功能信息（一般属性）和服务约束信息（实例属性）．基于描述服务的三部分信息，分三步实现服务查找．第一步，基于领域本体商业规范OWSDL实现服务操作同构；第二步，基于服务概要描述的一般属性，满足服务的功能需求；第三步，应用服务匹配度模型，基于概要描述的实例属性，按需为消费者提供恰当的服务．最后，通过实例证明了该方法是一种有效的Web服务发现策略．     

Model transformation and formal verification for Semantic Web Services composition

Web services composition is becoming more and more important in today’s service oriented business environment. We need to compose services from different providers together to fulfill the business goals that cannot be satisfied by any single service. However, different services often have semantic inconsistencies which may lead to the failure of the services composition. In order to verify the correctness of the Semantic Web Services composition, this paper proposed a composition model of Coloured Petri Nets which is transformed from OWL-S model. This model can express the logical relations among the sub-processes of the services composition explicitly, and verify the correctness of the services composition using formalized methods of Coloured Petri Nets. This paper presented the verification algorithms for the reachability, boundness and semantic consistency of composed services. Furthermore, an example of collaborating design process was given to simulate and execute the model.