发酵动物性食品来源生物活性肽研究进展

动物性食品来源的发酵食品具有独特的口感、风味和天然的益生功能,是生物活性肽的天然宝库,目前,已有大量生物活性肽从中分离鉴定出来,并通过实验验证了生理功能。文章综述了发酵动物性食品来源生物活性肽的分类、提取、分离纯化和结构分析方法,并阐述了各种方法在干腌火腿、奶酪等发酵动物性食品中的应用,以期为进一步挖掘目标生物活性肽提供参考。为了提高科研效率,一些生物信息学网址提供的软件和功能团模型可实现对肽段进行高效的虚拟筛选,结合分子对接和分子动力学模拟等新型生物信息学技术,阐明生物活性肽发挥功能活性的作用机制,文章深入分析生物活性肽肽段序列常用的生物信息学研究工具,并且探讨了发酵动物性食品中生物活性肽的形成机理,旨在为进一步研究发酵动物性食品的加工过程对其生物活性肽的活性和含量的影响提供参考。     

发酵乳中生物活性肽的研究进展

目的：对发酵乳中生物活性肽的活性功能进行了梳理,以期为功能性发酵乳制品的制备和利用提供新思路。方法：通过查阅国内外文献对发酵乳中生物活性肽的产生、分类和主要功能等内容进行归纳及总结。结果：发酵乳是原料乳在乳酸菌或其他菌株单独或联合作用下发酵制成的乳制品,其具有抗氧化、提高免疫力、抗血栓、降低血压、抗肿瘤、抗菌等功能作用的生物活性肽。结论：发酵乳中的生物活性肽基于氨基酸组成和序列,其可以发挥广泛的生物活性,如抗菌、降压、抗氧化、抗血栓、免疫调节等。     

发酵肉制品中生物活性肽的研究进展

发酵肉制品在生产过程中,因特殊的工艺使蛋白质发生强烈的水解作用而产生具有生理功能的生物活性肽类物质。生物活性肽是短链氨基酸肽段,从母体蛋白释放后可发挥降血压、抗氧化、免疫调节等多种生物活性。本文综述发酵肉制品中生物活性肽的来源、功能以及发酵肉制品中生物活性肽的主要研究方法。     

发酵肉制品中生物活性肽的研究进展

发酵肉制品营养丰富、风味独特,深受广大消费者的喜爱。肉制品在发酵过程中受组织内源酶和微生物共同作用会发生一系列复杂的生物化学变化,其中最重要的是蛋白质降解。蛋白质降解既可以增加肉制品风味物质的种类,又提高了蛋白质的消化率,提升了产品的营养价值,并且蛋白质降解生成的部分肽类物质具有一定的生物活性及生理功能,如抗氧化、抗菌、降血压、提高人体免疫力等,因此对生物活性肽的制备与功能研究具有重要的理论与应用价值。发酵肉制品是生物活性肽的一个良好来源,本文主要综述发酵肉制品中蛋白质降解生成生物活性肽的种类、分离纯化方法及生物活性肽的功能利用,旨在为功能性发酵肉制品的研发和生产提供理论支持。     

火腿中生物活性肽的研究进展

生物活性肽是短氨基酸序列,从母体蛋白中释放后可发挥不同的生理作用,包括抗氧化、抗高血压、抗菌和其他生物活性。火腿在长期发酵过程中由于组织内源性酶和微生物的作用,使蛋白质降解产生许多小分子肽类物质,许多研究表明这些肽类物质具有生物活性。该文对火腿中生物活性肽的产生机制、功能特性、制备方法、分离纯化的研究进展进行综述,为生物活性肽进一步的开发与利用提供参考依据。     

生物活性肽在特殊医学用途配方食品中的应用前景

生物活性肽是蛋白质经特定蛋白水解酶酶解或发酵后形成的从二肽到复杂的线性、环形结构的不同肽类的总称。不同肽有不同的生物功能,例如调节激素、增强免疫、降血压、抗氧化等作用,又具有极高的可食用安全性,发展前景广阔。本文结合特殊医学用途配方食品对蛋白源及营养功能的要求,对不同类别常见的生物活性肽的功能及作用机制进行总结归纳,并将生物活性肽不同的制备方法进行介绍,为生物活性肽在特殊医学用途配方食品中的进一步研究和应用提供参考。     

发酵豆制品的功能性及其机理研究现状

随着发酵工业的迅速崛起,我国传统发酵豆制品逐步从以生产调味品为主线转型为新兴功能营养性食品。抗氧化,延缓衰老,降血压,降血脂,抑制肿瘤生长等诸多生理功能使发酵豆制品不仅在亚洲饮食中占据重要地位,也为越来越多的西方国家所亲睐。该文对近年来国内外对发酵豆制品的功能性及机理研究的新进展进行了综述,以期为豆制品产业的发展提供理论依据。     

花生活性肽的制备及其生物活性的研究进展

对花生活性肽的制备工艺、生物活性以及主要用途进行综述,花生活性肽是花生蛋白经水解或发酵的产物,不仅具有较高的营养价值,而且还具有降血压、增强免疫、抗氧化、抗菌及抗癌等生物活性.并结合花生活性肽的生物活性及应用现状,对花生活性肽的生物活性特性研究方向进行了展望.     

腐乳和豆豉功能性研究进展

发酵豆制品通常被人们当作调味品来食用,但很少有人关注其功能性。本文以腐乳和豆豉为例综述了传统发酵豆制品的降血压、降糖、抗老年痴呆、抗氧化等生理活性功能,并展望了传统发酵豆制品的研究方向。     

鸡肉中生物活性肽的研究进展

生物活性肽被认为是新一代的生物活性调节剂,它是一类由氨基酸经共价键连接而成的有机化合物,对人体免疫及神经系统、消化功能、内分泌、心血管系统都有重要的调节作用,部分活性肽具有抑制食品氧化变质和腐败微生物生长的功能。天然食物中存在的生物活性肽需经酶解后才能释放其活性,少数生物活性肽是通过化学合成的。鸡肉脂肪含量低,蛋白质含量丰富,其营养功效一直受到人们关注,目前鸡肉中研究最多的生物活性肽是抗氧化肽。该文主要对鸡肉中生物活性肽的功能特性、制备方法及其研究所面临的挑战等方面进行了综述,并展望其研究方向。     

概述乳制品加工中产生的生物活性肽

乳蛋白是许多生物活性肽的重要来源,主要的乳蛋白源生物活性肽有阿片样肽、降血压肽、免疫刺激肽、抗血栓肽和酪蛋白磷酸肽.文章对这些活性肽进行了介绍,并对乳制品(发酵乳和干酪)中的活性肽进行了讨论.乳制品中含有活性肽证明通过外源酶或微生物的作用可以将活性肽从乳蛋白中释放出来,这些肽的存在将促进乳制品的加工和消费.     

A New Frontier in Soy Bioactive Peptides that May Prevent Age‐related Chronic Diseases

During gastrointestinal digestion or food processing of proteins, small peptides can be released and may act as regulatory compounds with hormone‐like activities. Numerous biologically active peptides (bioactive peptides) have been identified. Most bioactive peptides are derived from milk and dairy products, with the most common being angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides. Soybean protein and soybean derived peptides also play an important role in soybean physiological activities, particularly those related to the prevention of chronic diseases. However, the bioactive potential of soybean derived bioactive peptides is yet to be fully appreciated. After a general introduction of approaches and advances in bioactive peptides from food sources, this review focuses on bioactive peptides derived from soybean proteins and their physiological properties. Technological approaches to generate bioactive peptides, their isolation, purification, characterization, and quantification, and further application in food and drug design are also presented. Safety concerns, such as potential toxicity, allergenicity, and sensory aspect of these peptides are likewise discussed.     

Therapeutic potential of dairy bioactive peptides: A contemporary perspective

Dairy products are associated with numerous health benefits. These are a good source of nutrients such as carbohydrates, protein (bioactive peptides), lipids, minerals, and vitamins, which are essential for growth, development, and maintenance of the human body. Accordingly, dairy bioactive peptides are one of the targeted compounds present in different dairy products. Dairy bioactive compounds can be classified as antihypertensive, anti-oxidative, immmunomodulant, anti-mutagenic, antimicrobial, opoid, anti-thrombotic, anti-obesity, and mineral-binding agents, depending upon biological functions. These bioactive peptides can easily be produced by enzymatic hydrolysis, and during fermentation and gastrointestinal digestion. For this reason, fermented dairy products, such as yogurt, cheese, and sour milk, are gaining popularity worldwide, and are considered excellent source of dairy peptides. Furthermore, fermented and non-fermented dairy products are associated with lower risks of hypertension, coagulopathy, stroke, and cancer insurgences. The current review article is an attempt to disseminate general information about dairy peptides and their health claims to scientists, allied stakeholders, and, certainly, readers.     

微生物发酵法改良大豆肽风味的研究

该文研究了乳酸菌和酵母菌二次发酵法改良大豆肽的风味。实验结果表明,乳酸菌在发酵过程中,大豆肽溶液pH下降,总酸度上升,产生大量有机酸物质,乳酸菌发酵8h,大豆肽的风味最佳。酵母菌发酵过程中,大豆肽溶液中乙醇含量逐渐增加,产生大量醇类物质,酵母菌发酵2h,大豆肽溶液的风味最佳。经过乳酸菌和酵母菌发酵后,大豆肽的苦味和腥味消失,口感变成具有酸爽的杀口感,气味具有酒香味。因此,经过乳酸菌和酵母菌二次发酵工艺后,大豆肽的风味得到明显改善。     

中国传统发酵大豆制品的营养

对几种中国传统大豆发酵制品做了简单分析,并与非发酵大豆制品和国外发酵豆制品进行实验对比,结果表明中国传统大豆发酵制品的营养更丰富.同时指出人豆发酵制品目前存在着含盐量过高的问题,会对人体有不良影响.提出企业应在此基础上运用保健食品研究新技术、新方法,深入研究大豆发酵食品活性成分结构,优化生产工艺,降低含盐量,满足人们的需要.     

Soybean Bioactive Components and their Implications to Health—A Review

Foods containing bioactive components are receiving increasing attention due to their functionality in disease prevention and treatment. Soybean products contain a plethora of bioactive phytochemicals such as isoflavones, saponins, phytic acids, phytosterols, trypsin inhibitors, and peptides. Research has implicated soybean phytochemicals as functioning in cholesterol reduction, cardiovascular disease prevention, diabetic symptoms prevention, bone loss prevention, and cancer prevention. However, some bioactive compounds in soybean are reported to have some adverse effects to health also. Nevertheless, the benefits of soybean bioactive components exceed by far their potential adverse effects. The main objective of this article is to discuss the different soybean bioactive components and their implications to human health.     

Soybean Bioactive Components and their Implications to Health—A Review

Foods containing bioactive components are receiving increasing attention due to their functionality in disease prevention and treatment. Soybean products contain a plethora of bioactive phytochemicals such as isoflavones, saponins, phytic acids, phytosterols, trypsin inhibitors, and peptides. Research has implicated soybean phytochemicals as functioning in cholesterol reduction, cardiovascular disease prevention, diabetic symptoms prevention, bone loss prevention, and cancer prevention. However, some bioactive compounds in soybean are reported to have some adverse effects to health also. Nevertheless, the benefits of soybean bioactive components exceed by far their potential adverse effects. The main objective of this article is to discuss the different soybean bioactive components and their implications to human health.     

豆腐乳中的功能性成分

腐乳是中国传统发酵豆制品，具有营养价值高，风味好等特点。主要就腐乳的营养价值、腐乳中的生理活性物质（大豆多肽、超氧化物歧化酶、大豆异黄铜、大豆低聚糖等）的保健功能及研究现状、现行腐乳生产中存在的问题、新技术在腐乳生产中的应用及其前景作概述。     

Production of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE-I) peptides during milk fermentation and their role in reducing hypertension

Fermented milk is a potential source of various biologically active peptides with specific health benefits. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE-I) peptides are one of the most studied bioactive peptides produced during milk fermentation. The presence of these peptides is reported in various fermented milk products such as, yoghurt, cheese, sour milk, etc., which are also available as commercial products. Many of the ACE-I peptides formed during milk fermentation are resistant to gastrointestinal digestion and inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in the rennin angiotension system (RAS). There are various factors, which affect the formation ACE-I peptides and their ability to reach the target tissue in active form, which includes type of starters (lactic acid bacteria (LAB), yeast, etc.), substrate composition (casein type, whey protein, etc.), composition of ACE-I peptide, pre and post-fermentation treatments, and its stability during gastrointestinal digestion. The antihypertensive effect of fermented milk products has also been proved by various in vitro and in vivo (animal and human trials) experiments. This paper reviews the literature on fermented milk products as a source of ACE-I peptides and various factors affecting the production and activity of ACE-I peptides.