湿度独立控制空调系统在公共建筑应用可行性

针对寒冷地区和夏热冬冷、常年湿润工程地区的建筑气候特点,在分析空调系统的基础上,湿度控制成为该地区空调系统高效、节能运行的关键。介绍常见的三种除湿方法及液体除湿空调系统的工作原理。以位于上述地区一栋建筑物为例,分析温湿度独立控制空调系统和常规空调系统夏季运行状况,指出温湿度独立控制空调系统可以作为上述地区空调系统发展的趋势。     

并联型热泵调温除湿机组的原理与应用

本文介绍了并联型热泵调温除湿机的原理及其特点。该除湿机具有降温除湿、调温除湿、升温除湿、供热和自动除霜等多种运行模式,能够满足不同湿/冷/热负荷的需要,使得对室内温度和湿度都能较好的控制在设定范围内。系统适用范围广,可在我国大多数地区全年运行,进行温、湿度调节,以提高设备的利用率。     

夏热冬冷地区除湿方式探讨

本文分析了夏热冬冷地区的气候特征和夏季新风负荷的特点,通过对该地区各主要城市新风负荷进行解耦计算,得出了新风负荷中潜热负荷很大、新风处理中用于除湿的能耗远远高于用于降温的能耗的结论,认为对新风进行独立除湿适合于该地区新风湿负荷的处理。     

高热湿地区室内湿度控制及新风除湿系统解析

由于高温高湿地区梅雨季节空气含湿量高,按夏季气象参数设计的空调系统无法满足室内设备和人员对湿度的要求。通过设置独立的新风除湿系统来达到预先降温除湿的目的,再与空调机回风系统混合后送入房间,满足室内对空气温度、湿度和新风的要求。     

溶液除湿空调在档案库房中的应用

本文首先对档案库房所需要的环境进行了分析,指出档案库房除了要满足基本的温度和湿度要求外,还必须有一定的洁净度、空气酸度和霉菌量的要求。而后剖析了常规冷凝除湿空气处理机组在档案库房空调应用中的弊端,研究提出了适应于档案库房的基于温、湿度独立控制技术的溶液除湿空气处理技术。最后通过对常规空调与溶液除湿空调的能耗分析,得出溶液除湿空调与常规空调相比可显著节能的结论。     

燃气热泵结合除湿转轮的温湿度独立控制空调系统

对夏热冬冷地区的办公楼,设计了一种燃气热泵结合除湿转轮的温湿度独立控制空调系统,并计算了其能耗和运行费用.结果表明在该地区能源价格下,该系统的能源消耗与费用明显低于电驱动空气源热泵,节能效果显著.     

溶液除湿空调系列文章溶液式空调及其应用

分析了目前空调系统面临的主要问题，提出了基于溶液除湿空气处理方式的解决方案。介绍了溶液除湿空气处理方式的原理和系统构成方式，从改善室内空气质量、改进空调末端装置方式、节省能源、改善城市能源结构等方面讨论了这一方式的优点和特点。分析表明，基于溶液除湿空气处理方式的湿度独立控制空调系统可有效消除空气的霉菌、粉尘，可以根据人员数量调节新风量，并通过独立的吸收或提供显热的末端装置调节温度，实现室内温湿度的分别控制。溶液除湿空气处理方式还可有效地对排风进行全热回收，并在过渡季利用干燥或低温的新风，从而降低空气处理能耗。由于冷水不承担除湿任务，因此只需要18—21℃冷水用于吸收除湿过程释放的热量和室内显热。这就有可能利用各种自然冷源或采用高GOP的冷水机组。溶液除湿方式还可实现高密度的能量蓄存，从而协调各种能源供应中的负荷匹配。     

夏热冬冷地区近零能耗居住建筑除湿需求分析

以夏热冬冷地区典型近零能耗居住建筑和常规建筑为研究对象,采用De ST计算软件对比研究了夏季和除湿期的热、湿负荷特征,讨论了该地区近零能耗居住建筑适宜的除湿系统形式。研究结果表明:1)由于近零能耗建筑围护结构传热系数较低,随着照明和设备功率密度设计参数的减小,夏季和除湿期的典型日显热负荷分别降低约45. 3%和79. 7%;围护结构气密性的提高可降低约22. 1%的显热负荷和湿负荷,近零能耗居住建筑显热负荷的降低程度明显高于湿负荷; 2)近零能耗居住建筑的热湿比降低为常规建筑热湿比的60%左右。常规空调形式在近零能耗居住建筑中难以同时满足室内温、湿度环境要求,温、湿度独立控制空调系统拥有更好的应用前景; 3)温、湿度独立控制空调系统新风送风含湿量在除湿期低于夏季,冷凝除湿系统能效较低。热泵型空调器与除湿转轮联合运行的除湿空调系统更容易满足近零能耗居住建筑健康性、舒适性和节能性的要求。     

香港地区应用干式风机盘管系统节能和室内空气品质分析

冷板辐射加置换通风空词系统在保证室内环境的前提下比常规全空气空调系统节能,但在天气湿热的香港地区应用会出现冷板凝露现象,且采用置换通风方式,风量有限从而影响热舒适性.本文将干式风机盘管系统与独立除湿通风系统组合应用于香港地区办公楼,干式风机盘管系统处理室内显热负荷,独立除湿通风系统承担室内湿负荷和室外全热负荷.采用EnergyPlus软件模拟分析了该空调系统在香港地区某办公楼中的使用性能,结果表明该系统能很好地控制室内温、湿度,特别是湿度,与常规全空气空调系统相比,全年节能达10.3%.     

室内相对湿度对夏热冬冷地区新风耗冷量的影响

针对夏热冬冷地区住宅热环境特点,按节能住宅空调期和除湿期定义,建立了空调期和除湿期新风耗冷量的计算程序。该地区由于气候潮湿,新风耗冷量的计算应按空调期和除湿期分别进行,其中除湿期新风耗冷量与除湿方式密切相关。采用 TMY2逐时气象数据计算了夏热冬冷地区主要城市的新风耗冷量,揭示了降低新风耗 冷量的 基本途径,并重点分析了不同室内干球湿度下相对温度对新风耗冷量的影响。     

夏热冬冷地区住宅建筑新风系统全年运行工况分析

根据夏热冬冷地区的空调期、除湿期和采暖期的划分方法,提出了住宅建筑新风系统全年运行的转换条件,以及新风热湿处理工况要求。并针对该地区气候潮湿、除湿期时间长的特点,认为节能住宅采用温湿度同时监控的独立新风系统,有利于改善室内热环境质量和室内空气质量。     

A comparative study of different control strategies for indoor air humidity

There has been a rising concern in controlling the high indoor humidity of hot and humid countries. When an air-conditioned space experiences only part of its design heat load, its humidity tends to rise as a result of the air-conditioning system trying to control the indoor temperature by reducing its cooling capacity. In this study, the part-load dehumidification performances of three temperature control strategies are compared, namely, chilled water flow control, bypass air control and the variable air volume control. Coil simulations are employed to study the part-load performance of these control strategies. The coil model has been validated with experimental data to within ±6.5%. The relative humidity of a space depends of factors such as design sensible heat factor of the space, temperature control strategy employed and load condition experienced by the space. Simulation results have indicated that chilled water control strategy results in the highest indoor humidity throughout the range of conditions studied while variable air volume system provides highly effective dehumidification performance of the cooling coil. Bypass air control appears to be a good option for adoption as it is able to provide an acceptable humidity over a wide range of load conditions without having to affect the air movement within the space.     

Experimental study on a residential temperature-humidity separate control air-conditioner

According to the temperature and moisture characteristics and current problems experienced in the Yangtze River Area, a temperature-humidity separate control air conditioner was developed. This unit can remove indoor sensible heat and latent heat load separately, and adjust indoor temperature and humidity respectively, thus improve indoor comfort and reduce energy consumption. The air-conditioner consists of an air cooling evaporator and a water cooling evaporator. Orthogonal experiments were designed to study the influence of outdoor temperature, indoor temperature, indoor humidity, compressor frequency, and refrigerant distribution ratio in air cooling evaporator (RDRAE) on the unit performance. The results showed that the dehumidification capacity ranged from 0 to 4.02 kg/h; the EER ranged from 2.71 to 4.57; the cooling capacity ranged from 6822 to 13,080 W. The results can help to make the control logic of the unit, and be used as the basis of energy consumption calculation. Units with temperature and humidity separate control could save about 15.6% of the cooling energy consumption against traditional residential air-conditioner, and 47.8% against the traditional residential air-conditioner that could control both indoor temperature and humidity.     

室内温度不均匀特性与理想排热排湿效率分析

传统空调方式将处于不同温度水平的热源所产生的热量混合入室内空气中,再对室内空气进行降温处理,这种方式忽略了室内温度场分布的不均匀特性,造成了高品位热源与低品位热源的掺混损失。基于热源独立排热和温湿度独立控制的思想,分析了理想的排热和排湿效率,并通过典型算例计算了不同形式系统的排热和排湿效率。     

某高压电机装配车间环境控制的实测分析与研究

通过对某高压电机装配车间进行实测,研究了空调风量对恒温恒湿车间工作区空气温湿度均匀性的影响;并与对空调冷负荷的分析相结合,进一步明确影响室内空气湿度最重要的因素是新风,影响室内空气温度最重要的因素是厂房内的工艺设备的散热量;根据高压电机生产车间的低湿环境要求,综合考虑技术性和经济性,对空调湿负荷的处理方式进行了优化研究,提出冷却除湿+转轮除湿复合除湿系统是能够达到此要求的最优化方法.     

固体转轮除湿与冷凝除湿的适用性研究

针对不同工况,对固体除湿转轮进行吸湿与再生的性能实验;根据实验结果,采用空气源热泵作为冷热源,通过理论计算得出不同条件下固体转轮除湿与冷凝除湿两种方式的性能。结果表明,相同工况除湿量相同时,转轮除湿相对于冷凝除湿功耗大、效率低;随着室内空气湿度的增大,2种除湿系统能耗都减小,效率增大,冷凝除湿效率改善更明显;室外空气湿度增大,对冷凝除湿性能影响较小,转轮除湿功耗变大,效率降低;室外空气温度升高,冷凝除湿功耗增大,转轮除湿功耗减小,但两者的效率均增大。     

Analysis on the ideal energy efficiency of dehumidification process from buildings

As dehumidification is one of the most important tasks of environment control of the building, it is necessary to know the energy efficiency of dehumidification processes. The energy efficiency can give the energy cost of drawing moisture from indoor air to the outside environment. This paper presents analysis of the ideal cost of dehumidification process by a liquid desiccant cycle. Formulas to calculate ideal efficiency of dehumidification process are obtained, which is determined by indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, and the temperature of the intersection point of the iso-relative humidity line of indoor air and the iso-humidity ratio line of outdoor air. The ideal efficiency of the condensing dehumidification method is lower than the ideal dehumidification process, due to the fact that condensing dehumidification method must dehumidify the air at the temperature of dew point. Results from this paper can be used as theoretical foundation for the further analysis of various dehumidification methods and the development of new dehumidification processes.     

室内恒温泳池综合节能方案研究

基于广州某会所室内恒温泳池的温湿度设计参数,计算了该泳池全年制冷、除湿、泳池加热和采暖负荷动态需求。通过分析动态冷热负荷曲线提出冷凝热回收应作为泳池综合节能方案的基本出发点,进一步比较了泳池专用热泵系统与全热回收风冷热泵系统两种方案的运行特点和全年能耗特性,并建议采用小型热回收型热泵系统与普通风冷热泵的组合方案。     

四种温度控制方法对相对湿度影响的比较

模拟比较了定风量变水量、变风量变水量、旁通型变风量、二次回风控制四种方法在部分负荷时的除湿能力.结果表明,定风量变水量控制在部分负荷时,室内相对湿度一直较高.除湿能力很差;旁通型变风量控制除湿能力较强;变风量变水量控制在潜热不变显热变化的情况下除湿能力较差,而在潜热显热都变化的情况下较好;二次回风控制只在实际显热比较小时除湿能力较差.     

A model to study the effects of different control strategies on space humidity during part-load conditions

Many air conditioning systems have small moisture removal capacities and are not equipped to maintain space humidity under part-load conditions particularly during hot and humid periods. They are able to provide desired temperature control but humidity. The primary objective of this work is to identify control strategies that can be used to prevent significant indoor humidity degradation during part-load conditions. These control strategies are chilled water flow control, bypass air control, variable air volume control, run-around coil control and low face velocity/high coolant velocity control. Coil simulations have been employed to study the part-load performance of these control strategies. The coil model compares favourably with experimental data to within ±6.5%. Simulation examples are conducted for each control strategy under varying part-load conditions. Results from the coil model have indicated that some strategies are more effective than others in sustaining acceptable indoor humidity under part-load conditions. For instance, chilled water control strategy has been observed to produce highest indoor humidity throughout the range of conditions studied while variable air volume system provides highly effective dehumidification performance of the cooling coil. In addition, higher ventilation rates have been observed to increase the space humidity during part-load conditions.