制汁工艺对芦荟凝胶原汁出汁率及品质的影响

本文比较研究了鲜榨、冷榨、热榨和酶解工艺对芦荟凝胶原汁提取效果的影响。结果表明:采用酶解工艺时,芦荟凝胶出汁率最高,其次是热榨工艺、冷榨工艺,而鲜榨工艺出汁率最低。热榨原汁比酶解原汁的营养成分损失少、多糖保存率高,粘度下降慢。热榨工艺适宜于芦荟凝胶原汁的制取。     

芦荟凝胶制汁工艺研究

以中华芦荟为试材,进行了芦荟凝胶制汁工艺研究。结果表明,采用酶解工艺时,芦荟凝胶出汁率最高,其次是热榨工艺、冷榨工艺,而鲜榨工艺出汁率最低。热榨原汁比酶解原汁的营养成分损失少,多糖保存率高,粘度下降慢。热榨工艺适宜于芦荟凝胶原汁的制取。     

南瓜汁酶法制取工艺研究

对南瓜热烫方式进行单因素试验，优选最佳酶制剂，确定了酶解最佳工艺参数组合。单因素试验表明：0．3％的醋酸溶液，热烫10min，料水比1g：3mL打浆对南瓜出汁率和固形物含量的效果最好。确定纤维素酶是最佳酶制荆。对酶解参数进行正交试验，结果表明：加酶量为70mg/L，pH值为5,5，温度为50℃和时间为1h效果最佳。     

巴西菇多糖提取方法研究

本文探讨了巴西菇多糖的提取工艺，分别作了热水提取和酶法提取的正交试验，并对多糖提取率进行了比较分析。结果显示．热水提取巴西菇多糖的最佳工艺参数是：提取温度110℃，提取时间1．5h，料液比1：25，其多糖最高提取率5．80％。而采用酶法提取巴西菇多糖的最佳工艺参数分别是：木瓜蛋白酶酶用量0．20％，酶解温度55℃，酶解时间2h，作用pH值6．5；纤维素酶酶用量O．15％，酶解温度45℃，酶解时间3h，作用pH值4．5；果胶酶酶用量O．20％，酶解温度40℃，酶解时间3h，作用pH值4．0。其中木瓜蛋白酶提取巴西菇多糖提取率最高，可达到15．08％。     

不同品种荔枝干多糖酶法提取条件的优化

以荔枝干为原料,采用纤维素酶提取技术从荔枝干中提取多糖,在酶量、时间、温度、pH值与料液比的单因素试验基础上,再通过正交试验分析纤维素酶提取荔枝干肉多糖的最佳工艺参数。以上述的最佳工艺参数对糯米糍、白糖罂、桂味、怀枝、和妃子笑进行多糖的提取试验,比较它们的多糖含量。试验结果表明,纤维素酶提取荔枝干肉多糖的最佳工艺参数是：料液比为1∶25,酶解时间为210 min,酶解温度为35℃,酶量为1．6％,pH值为6．0。5个品种荔枝干肉用纤维素酶提取所得多糖含量为：糯米糍34．50％＞怀枝32．73％＞桂味31．29％＞妃子笑26．49％＞白糖罂21．25％。     

仙人掌多糖的提取及其结构初步研究

优化米邦塔仙人掌多糖提取工艺，并对其结构初步鉴别，以提取温度、提取时间、水料比为自变量，仙人掌多糖得率为响应值。利用Box—Benhnken中心组合试验优化提取工艺，采用DEAE Sepharose CL-6B纯化及红外光谱鉴别其多糖。结果表明：仙人掌多糖水提的最佳提取工艺条件为：提取温度86．1℃、提取时间3．61h、水料比3．72：1。仙人掌多糖的得率达到理论值0．694％，经DEAE Sepharose CL-6B纯化得3种多糖ASP1、ASP2、ASP3，得率分别为11．59％、45．21％和20．48％。红外光谱显示其具有多糖特征吸收峰。     

利用芦笋弃料制作饲料的工艺研究

以芦笋弃料为原料,经加热软化,榨汁后,用（β－CD）掩盖苦味,研制成芦笋饲料。研究表明,芦笋弃料在温度为85℃,柠檬酸含量为0．2％的热烫液中软化7min,出汁率高,色泽淡。原汁中添加1．0％－1．5％的β－CD有可效地掩盖笋的苦味,而风味不受影响。芦笋原汁60％、β－CD1．2％、甜味剂（蔗糖：阿斯巴甜为100：1）2．5％柠檬酸0．15％,加水至100％,制成的饲料具有芦笋的清香味,甜酸适口。     

米邦塔仙人掌汁饮料的热烫护绿工艺

通过单因素实验和正交实验，对米邦塔仙人掌制备绿色蔬菜汁饮料的热烫护绿工艺条件进行了研究，结果表明：采用1．5倍体积沸水热烫1．5min，中心温度达93℃，可使过氧化物酶的活力基本丧失，也可提高仙人掌汁中总酚和可溶性固形物的含量，同时在热烫护绿液中加100μg／g的Zn^2＋、40μg／g的Cu^2＋、O．075％Vc、0．025％柠檬酸，护色20min，护绿效果好。     

基于火麻仁资源综合价值的蛋白提取工艺研究

火麻仁富含油脂、蛋白和微量元素,具有极高的开发价值。本研究从火麻仁油和蛋白得率、脂肪酸及氨基酸含量综合角度,建立资源价值最大化的火麻仁蛋白质提取工艺。对不同榨油方式获得的火麻仁油进行脂肪酸成分分析;比较不同榨油方式所得火麻仁粕提取蛋白的得率、纯度和氨基酸组成差异;通过单因素考察和正交实验优化火麻仁蛋白提取工艺。结果表明火麻仁油富含不饱和脂肪酸,冷榨和热榨对火麻仁油得率和脂肪酸组成无显著影响;碱提酸沉法提取冷榨粕和热榨粕粗蛋白质提取率分别为11.38%和2.23%,纯度分别为79.67%和67.33%;冷榨粕蛋白必需氨基酸含量29.87%,高于热榨粕蛋白的23.93%;通过单因素考察和正交实验研究,火麻仁蛋白最佳提取条件为温度60℃,pH为10.5,提取时间50 min,料液比1:15,在此条件下蛋白得率为20.87±3.16%。研究表明冷榨法能够获得优质火麻仁油和火麻仁蛋白,碱提酸沉法适合火麻仁蛋白的工业化生产,对火麻仁资源综合利用、火麻仁油和蛋白的开发具有借鉴意义。     

“米邦塔”仙人掌饮料加工工艺研究

以新鲜“米邦塔”仙人掌茎为原料，对仙人掌饮料的加工工艺进行了初步探讨。结果表明在85～90℃的温度下，将仙人掌热烫1min，加入淀粉酶打浆制汁。10％仙人掌原汁中添加0．10％抗坏血酸和0．05％柠檬酸护色．4．5％的白砂糖、0．01％蛋白糖、0．10％柠檬酸、0．01％黄原胶、0．20％海藻酸钠、0．30％柠檬香精以及0．05％山梨酸钾进行调配．可做出色、香、味、形俱佳的仙人掌饮料。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press