既有建筑中暖通空调系统的节能改造

暖通空调能耗是建筑能耗中的大户,其节能潜力巨大,而且节能的途径与方法众多,文中介绍了暖通空调系统节能的重要性,对既有建筑中暖通空调系统主要存在的问题进行探讨,并分别从供暖系统的改造和空调系统的的改造两方面探讨暖通空调系统的节能改造措施。     

基于能耗监测平台的某空调系统能效诊断分析

空调系统能耗是建筑能耗的主要部分,通过对空调系统进行能效诊断对建筑进行节能改造提高建筑能源利用效率具有重大意义。本文对我国江浙地区某大型公共建筑进行能效诊断,通过对该大楼能耗数据监测平台提供的分项计量数据进行分析及对空调系统典型工况进行测试发现空调系统在运行过程中出现的问题,针对空调系统出现的问题提出相应的改造方案并对改造后节能效果进行分析,为大楼空调系统进行节能改造提供理论依据。     

谈既有公共建筑空调系统节能改造常见方法

针对既有公共建筑中空调系统能耗占建筑能耗比重较大的问题,从空调主机、输配系统、冷却塔等方面,介绍了常见的空调系统节能改造方法,并结合工程实例,阐述了空调系统节能改造的具体方案,为既有公共建筑空调系统节能改造工程提供了思路。     

广州某皮具商场能耗分析及改进建议

分析了商场类建筑的能耗特点,对广州某大型商场空调系统的主机,水泵及末端装置进行检测,找出了该商场空调系统存在的一些问题,提出了包含多种空调节能技术的综合性空调系统节能改造方案.现场数据实测,实施节能改造后空调系统月平均节能率达13％,预计每年可节省电量74万KWH,取得了较好的节能效果和经济效益.     

酒店三类用能系统的节能改造经济性对比分析

选取苏州地区三栋典型酒店节能改造案例，对其用能系统进行了能耗的分项计量、监测，并将用能系统分为空调、照明、监测与控制系统三大类。根据各类用能系统节能改造投资金额、改造前后的能耗数据进行对比分析，得出节能改造方案在酒店建筑中取得全年25.02%～38.01%的节能效益；空调、照明系统能耗占建筑能耗的60%以上，是酒店能耗最主要的部分；三大用能系统中照明系统静态投资回收期最短，为2.00～4.30年之间，空调系统和监测与控制系统静态投资回收期分别为照明系统的2倍、3倍左右，因此可将酒店照明系统节能改造作为优选项，并且要重视空调系统的节能改造。     

上海JK大厦空调系统节能改造

通过调研与测试,掌握了该大厦的实际能耗情况.在分析调研与测试数据的基础上,结合负荷模拟结果,发现空调机组和输配系统能耗较大,进行了节能改造,并对节能改造后的系统运行效果进行了监测与分析,节能效果明显.     

重庆市江北区酒店用能现状分析与节能诊断

通过对重庆市江北区宾馆酒店公共建筑能耗调研,对重庆市江北区酒店总体能耗、空调系统能耗、空调能耗构成、空调系统运行管理的现状进行了分析,并提出了节能诊断。调研发现,重庆市江北区酒店类公共建筑单位能耗较高,运行管理水平较低,节能技术未得到广泛应用,空调设计负荷普遍偏高,有很大的节能改造潜力。     

大型医院建筑空调系统节能改造分析与实践

大型医院建筑的主要能耗为空调能耗,结合中南大学湘雅二医院外科楼A座及内科楼原中央空调系统运行情况及特点,提出空调系统"大小分离、按需耗能"的节能技术改造方案,将舒适空调与净化空调进行系统分离,分别满足其需求.改造结果表明,中央空调系统实现高效运行,整体平均耗电量降低25％,可有效减少能源消耗,达到节能改造目的.     

惠州某通信大楼空调系统节能改造

分析了通信类建筑空调系统的能耗特点,针对惠州桌通信大楼运行过程中存在的问题,提出了将多种空调节能技术与科学管理方法相结合的空调系统节能改造方案.现场实测数据显示,实施节能改造后,空调系统月平均节能率达32.2%,每年可减少电耗97.8万kWh,取得了良好的节能效果与经济效益.     

西安某制药厂房及办公楼空调系统节能改造研究

随着城市化、工业化进程的大规模发展,舒适型、工艺型空调系统大量被应用于公共建筑及工业厂房中。空调系统能耗逐渐成为建筑能耗的主要组成部分,尤其在保温措施相对落后、空调系统运行时间较长的既有建筑中,空调能耗占比更高。本文以西安某制药厂房及办公建筑空调系统为例,分析影响空调系统运行效果的因素,提出经济、可行的节能改造方案。通过实测对比空调节能改造前后的系统能效比,体现空调系统节能改造的重要性,并为此类空调的节能改造提供参考意义。     

浅析高速公路工程招投标中的最低评标价法

结合目前高速公路施工项目招投标活动的实际情况,阐述了最低评标价法的概念,归纳了其优点及存在问题,对完善最低评标价法提出几点策略,以期促进招标投标市场更加规范有序。     

Place-Making in Megaprojects in Melbourne

This article analyses state-led place-making practices in Melbourne. The two levels of government that influence planning in Melbourne make much of the city as ‘culturally vibrant’ and ‘creative’, and have incorporated creative city-inspired place-making principles into many layers of the planning system. An examination of the development of two mixed-use megaprojects in central Melbourne reveals however that ideals of culturally engaging public places, and indeed of creative landscapes for middle-class consumption, wither in the face of more basic imperatives for economic development. In these case studies the ‘creative city’, no matter how the idea is interpreted, has little traction either as a set of inclusive place-making principles or as a gentrification strategy. The article concludes that the creative city-inspired place-making objectives in the planning system at both state and local levels are ambiguous in their overall intents and completely unsupported by statutory controls. Such place-making objectives as are realised are the compromised results of the interplay of uncoordinated decisions, delivered at the pleasure of the developer.     

Pathogens in septage in Vietnam

Septage is widely acknowledged as a major source of infectious pathogens while disposal of septage, and the operation and maintenance of septic tanks, is not regulated in many developing countries. Twenty untreated septage and septage sludge samples were taken from Can Tho City, Vietnam to examine their pathogen content, and indicator micro-organisms. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were detected in all samples, regardless of sludge storage time. Phages were detected in 80% of samples. Salmonella spp. were detected in 70% of the untreated septage and 60% of septage sludge samples. Concentrations of phages and bacteria tested in septage sludge after many years of tank storage were much higher than the expected levels. Helminth ova were present in 95% of untreated septage samples with an average of 450 ova l^− 1, and were detected in all septage sludge samples with an average of 16,000 ova l^− 1. Twelve varieties of helminth ova were identified. More helminth ova varieties in higher concentrations were found in septage than those reported from stool samples. The varieties' frequency ranged from 10% to 50% and Ascaris lumbricoides predominated. Results show that pathogens and indicator micro-organisms, especially helminth ova, accumulate in sludge. Thus helminth ova should be considered when septage sludge is treated and used for agriculture. Proper health protection measures must be applied for people handling septage.     

在市场中实践在实践中学习在学习中进步--工程公司市场化进程的回顾与展望

近两年来，工程公司在提高市场竞争意识、推动市场化进程中做了大量工作，其中坚持走出去的方针是我们自我加压、推行加快市场化步伐的一个重要战略步骤。     

新时期广东城市化的新特点

新时期广东城市化出现以下特点:知识源导向、城市由单体向群体化发展、产业集群推动、政府主导自上而下的集约化发展、城镇化向城市化转变、由重“数量”发展向重“质量”发展的转变。     

新形势下高校强化基建财务管理的探讨

在市场条件下高校基建财务人员在加强日常财务管理的同时,必须树立起高度的工作责任心,抓好事前监督、事中监督、事后监督三个环节,全面理解、贯彻执行《高等学校财务制度》,管好用好各项基本建设资金,提高基建财务管理水平,更好地完成高校各项基建任务,以有限的投资,最快的建设速度,获得最大的投资效益。     

2005年北京办公物业市场七大趋势

趋势一:CBD区域写字楼集中放量从各区域规划方案上看,CBD区域多数项目在03～04年处于项目的报批手续及拆阶段,预计2005年正式推向市场,因此2005年CBD区域将成为北京市场供应集中的域,区域即将供应的项目有北京财富中心(二期)、金地国际花园、万达广场、SOHO尚都、万通中心、世纪财富中心、怡禾国际中心、光华国际等。除去未知项目,2005CBD写字楼办公面积的供应量为60万平方米左右。中关村区域经过一段时间的集中供后开始逐步放缓,2005年供应的体量相对较大的项目有中关村金融中心、新中关。金街区域可能开盘的项目只有2个:英蓝国际中…     

浅谈我国工程项目建设成本控制存在的问题

结合目前我国施工企业工程项目成本管理现状,对工程项目成本管理过程中存在的问题进行了较详细的分析,并提出了一些解决问题的办法,以做好项目成本控制工作,进而增强企业经济实力。     

Variation in property taxation in Tulsa

Conclusions It may be reasonably concluded from this study that the range of variation in these ratios of assessed to actual value are of a reasonable size for the great majority of cases. The frequency distribution of these sample ratios was not normal, however, as was assumed a process of this type would produce. On the other hand, the failure of the regression analysis to identify any significant variables which would explain these variations would tend to re-enforce the assumption that the fluctuations were indeed of a random nature.To sum it up in one paragraph, aside from a few extreme cases, the assessing process appears to give estimates which are more consistent than would be expected under the assumption that any errors would be of a random nature, but the regression analysis was unable to isolate any particular socioeconomic characteristics which would explain the variation which was present.Financial support for this research project was furnished by the University of Tulsa.