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1.
Marek Gołębiowski 《Lipids》2012,47(10):1001-1009
The chemical characterization of the free fatty acid (FFA) fractions of the cuticular lipids of Calliphora vicina larvae and pupae was performed by separating the FFA fraction using high-performance liquid chromatography with laser light scattering detection (HPLC–LLSD) and quantitatively analyzing the FFA using gas chromatography–electron impact mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Thirty-two saturated and unsaturated FFA were identified and quantified in the insect lipids. Cuticular FFA profiles of C. vicina larvae and pupae were compared. Cuticular FFA of larvae and pupae accounted for 70.8 and 77.8 % of the total lipids, respectively. The cuticular lipids of C. vicina larvae contained 24 FFA ranging from 8:0 to 24:0, whereas the cuticular lipids of pupae contained 32 FFA ranging from 6:0 to 26:0. The cuticular lipids of the larvae contained 16 saturated, five monounsaturated, one diunsaturated, and two polyunsaturated FFA. The cuticular lipids of the pupae contained 18 saturated, nine monounsaturated, two diunsaturated, and three polyunsaturated FFA. The major cuticular FFA in C. vicina larvae and pupae was 18:1 (47.6 and 41.7 %, respectively). The highest amounts of total cuticular FFA were detected in larvae of C. vicina (1.7 mg/g of the insect body). The quantities of total cuticular FFA in pupae were smaller (1.4 mg/g of the insect body). 相似文献
2.
The changes in total lipid content, neutral and polar lipids, total fatty acids, and free fatty acids were investigated over
a 4 day period in the zygomycete,Rhizopus arrhizus Fischer. The highest concentration of lipids occurred at the 72 hr period. The degree of unsaturation in the total fatty
acid fraction increased during the growth period, whereas the degree of unsaturation decreased in the free fatty acid fraction
during the same time period. The ratios of neutral to polar lipids over the 4 day period were: 0.75, 0.22, 1.94 and 0.94.
The major components of polar lipids were phosphatidyl ethanolamine, lecithin, lysolecithin, and fatty acids. The fatty acids
in the mono- and diglycerides were predominately saturated (67–96%). The fatty acids in the triglycerides shifted from a predominately
unaturated (69%, 24 hr) to a more saturated pattern (62%, 96 hr). 相似文献
3.
Chemical and physical characteristics of local olive oil (both virgin and refined) were determined. The moisture levels in
olive fruit, cake and oils were 11.77, 12.7 and 0.16% respectively. The total crude fat on dry basis was: fruit, 39%; and
cake, 7%. The free fatty acids (FFA) in both virgin and refined oils were high (4.4 and 4.3%). The samples of virgin as well
as refined oil were found to have relatively low oleic acid contents (43.7 and 46.4%). However, linoleic acid was found to
be higher than expected and the total of oleic and linoleic acids was more than 75% in the fraction of neutral lipids. The
total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in olive oil samples was ca. 20 and 80%, respectively. 相似文献
4.
Shu Cheng Liu De Tao Li Peng Zhi Hong Chao Hua Zhang Hong Wu Ji Jia Long Gao Li Zhang 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(12):1155-1161
Marine fishes are rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic
acid (DHA), which are extremely important for human health. The objective of our work was to determine the content and composition
of lipids and fatty acids in the different tissues of cobia from China and to evaluate their nutritional value. The results
showed that cobia from China was rich in lipids; the neutral lipid content was above 82%; the content of cholesterol and phospholipid
was low. Eighteen fatty acids were identified. Myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), and stearic acids (C18:0) were the main
saturated acids; palmitoleic (C16:1n-7) and oleic acid (C18:1n-9) were the main monounsaturated fatty acids. EPA and DHA were
the main PUFA; n-3 and n-6 PUFA were present as 12–18% and 2.6–3.2% of the total fatty acids, respectively. The n-6/n-3 ratio
was in the range from 0.18 to 0.22, which was far lower than that (5:1) recommended by WHO/FAO. Therefore, cobia lipids from
China have a high nutritional value. 相似文献
5.
Oil extracted from condensed corn distillers solubles (CCDS) can form a semi-solid and waxy precipitate at the bottom of containers
during storage. CCDS is a good source to recover oil, and such oil can be converted to biodiesel. Precipitate formation in
the extracted oil is mainly a physical stability problem, but it may become a performance problem for biodiesel. The objective
of the present work was to determine the composition of the CCDS oil precipitate and also determine if valuable phytosterols
were present in high concentration. The free fatty acid (FFA) content was very high, 35.7%, and fatty acid composition of
the FFA fraction was predominantly palmitic acid, 70.3%. The solid appearance was mainly due to a high percentage of high-melting
point free saturated fatty acid. The total unsaponifiable matter was 2.0%, and total phytosterol content was 8.6 mg/g of CCDS
oil precipitate. Therefore, CCDS oil precipitate is a not an enriched source of phytosterols compared to total sterols present
in crude corn oil (15.6 mg/g oil). The wax content was high, 2.5 mg/g of CCDS oil precipitate compared to 0.5 mg/g of crude
corn oil. CCDS oil that is uncentrifugable but polar solvent extractable (trapped oil fraction) was also characterized and
found to contain more polar lipids than those in the free oil fraction (centrifugable oil). 相似文献
6.
Aftab Kandhro S. T. H. Sherazi S. A. Mahesar M. I. Bhanger M. Younis Talpur Sarfraz Arain 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2008,85(11):1057-1061
The fat contents of 12 brands of biscuits were extracted and evaluated for free fatty acids (FFA) and their fatty acid composition
(FAC). The oil content and FFA varied from 13.7 to 27.6% and 0.2 to 1.0%, respectively. The FAC was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass
spectroscopy with particular emphasis on trans fatty acids (TFA). Total saturated, unsaturated, cis-monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were determined in the range of 37.9–46.9, 53.0–62.0, 12.3–43.7 and 0.1–9.2%,
respectively. The high amount of TFA was observed in all biscuit samples and varied from 9.3 to 34.9%. The quantity and quality
of the lipid fraction of the biscuits indicated that the all analyzed biscuits are a rich source of fat, saturated fatty acids
and trans fatty acids, consequently not suitable for the health of consumers. The high content of trans fatty acids and palmitic acid also indicated that blends of RBD palm oil and partially hydrogenated oil had been used in
the biscuit manufacturing. 相似文献
7.
S. P. J. Namal Senanayake Fereidoon Shahidi 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2000,77(1):55-61
The changes in composition of total and neutral lipids (NL) as well as glycolipids (GL) and phospholipids (PL) of borage (Borago officinalis L.) seeds, germinated in the dark at 25°C for 10 d, were studied. Total lipids constituted 34.0% of the dry matter of borage seeds. During germination, the content
of total lipids was decreased by 95%. NL accounted for 95.7% of total lipids prior to germination and were composed of triacylglycerols
(TAG; 99.1%), diacylglycerols (DAG; 0.06%), monoacylglycerols (MAG;0.02%), free fatty acids (FFA;0.91%), and sterols (0.02%).
The content of TAG was significantly (P≤0.05) decreased, while that of other components, such as MAG and FFA, significantly (P≤0.05) increased during germination. However, the content of DAG did not change. GL and PL accounted for 2.0 and 2.3% of total
lipids, respectively, and their contents significantly (P≤0.05) increased as germination proceeded. The thin layer chromatography-flame-ionization detection studies showed that phosphatidylcholine
(PC; 69.7%) was the major PL present. The total content of phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), which
were coeluted, was 18.2%; phosphatidic acid (PA) was present at 11.2% of the total PL fraction. Lysophosphatidylcholine was
detected at 0.9%. The proportion of PC, PS, and PE significantly (P≤0.05) decreased during germination, but that of PA increased (P≤0.05) markedly. The fatty acid composition of lipid fractions changed as germination proceeded. The predominant fatty acids
of total lipids, NL, and GL were linoleic and linolenic acids, while those of PL were linoleic and palmitic acids. The present
study demonstrated that the overall changes of lipids seen in borage seeds during germination agree well with results for
other oilseeds. Changes in lipid compositions during germination result from the formation of tissues and metabolic interconversion
of lipid classes. Rapid changes in lipid composition during seed germination may enhance the nutritional value of the sprouts. 相似文献
8.
Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer Maximiliano D’Addio Noffs Patricia de Oliveira Carvalho Vanessa Vivian de Almeida Cláudio Celestino de Oliveira Nilson Evelázio de Souza 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2007,84(6):543-547
Lipid content and fatty acid composition were determined in edible meat of fifteen marine fish species caught on the Southeast
Brazilian coast and two from East Antarctic. Most of the fish had lipid amounts lower than 10% of their total weight. Palmitic
acid (C16:0) predominated, accounting for 54–63% of the total amount of saturated fatty acids. Oleic acid (C18:1n-9) was the
most abundant (49–69%) monounsaturated fatty acid, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was the predominant polyunsaturated fatty
acid (PUFA), accounting for 31–84% of n-3 PUFA. n-3 PUFA level were highest in Antarctic fish meat, comprising 45% of the
total fatty acid content, which consisted of mainly EPA (16.1 ± 1.5 g/100 g lipids) and DHA (24.8 ± 2.4 g/100 g lipids). The
amounts of EPA + DHA in g/100 g of lipids on the Southeast Brazilian coast and Antarctic fish species investigated were found
to be similar: 42.0 ± 1.7 for Bonito cachorro, 41.0 ± 2.3 for Atum, and 39.4 ± 1.8 for peixe porco, respectively. All the
studied species exhibited an n-3/n-6 ratio higher than 3, which confirms the great importance of Southeast Brazilian coast
fish as a significant dietary source of n-3 PUFA. 相似文献
9.
Yuji Shimada Akio Sugihara Yumi Minamigawa Kenichi Higashiyama Kengo Akimoto Shigeaki Fujikawa Sadao Komemushi Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(9):1213-1217
An attempt was made to enrich arachidonic acid (AA) from Mortierella single-cell oil, which had an AA content of 25%. The first step involved the hydrolysis of the oil with Pseudomonas sp. lipase. A mixture of 2.5 g oil, 2.5 g water, and 4000 units (U) Pseudomonas lipase was incubated at 40°C for 40 h with stirring at 500 rpm. The hydrolysis was 90% complete after 40 h, and the resulting
free fatty acids (FFA) were extracted with n-hexane (AA content, 25%; recovery of AA, 91%). The second step involved the selective esterification of the fatty acids with
lauryl alcohol and Candida rugosa lipase. A mixture of 3.5 g fatty acids/lauryl alcohol (1:1, mol/mol), 1.5 g water, and 1000 U Candida lipase was incubated at 30°C for 16 h with stirring at 500 rpm. Under these conditions, 55% of the fatty acids were esterified,
and the AA content in the FFA fraction was raised to 51% with a 92% yield. The long-chain saturated fatty acids in the FFA
fraction were eliminated as urea adducts. This procedure raised the AA content to 63%. To further elevate the AA content,
the fatty acids were esterified again in the same manner with Candida lipase. The repeated esterification raised the AA content to 75% with a recovery of 71% of its initial content. 相似文献
10.
A wild-type strain ofDictyostelium discoideum was grown uponAerobacter aerogenes. Fatty acid compositions of lipid fractions and of total lipids obtained from vegetative amoebae and mature sorocarps were
compared. Fatty acids isolated from vegetative cells were found to include large quantities of 17- and 19-carbon cyclopropane
fatty acids while straight-chain, saturated fatty acids represented only 10% (w/w) of total fatty acids. These cyclopropane
fatty acids appear to be derived from ingested bacteria and are preferentially incorporated into neutral lipids of the slime
mold. Development of amoebae to mature sorocarps is accompanied by a substantial decrease in cyclopropane fatty acid content
and a concomitant increase in unsaturated fatty acids, mostly as octadeca-5,11-dienoic acid. The †-22 stigmastenyl ester fraction
is the richest source of this acid. Fully 65% of the fatty acids in this fraction are the octadecadienoate. 相似文献
11.
Yuji Shimada Akio Sugihara Yumi Minamigawa Kenichi Higashiyama Kengo Akimoto Shigeaki Fujikawa Sadao Komemushi Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(12):1213-1217
An attempt was made to enrich arachidonic acid (AA) from Mortierella single-cell oil, which had an AA content of 25%. The first step involved the hydrolysis of the oil with Pseudomonas sp. lipase. A mixture of 2.5 g oil, 2.5 g water, and 4000 units (U) Pseudomonas lipase was incubated at 40°C for 40 h with stirring at 500 rpm. The hydrolysis was 90% complete after 40 h, and the resulting
free fatty acids (FFA) were extracted with n-hexane (AA content, 25%; recovery of AA, 91%). The second step involved the selective esterification of the fatty acids with
lauryl alcohol and Candida rugosa lipase. A mixture of 3.5 g fatty acids/lauryl alcohol (1:1, mol/mol), 1.5 g water, and 1000 U Candida lipase was incubated at 30°C for 16 h with stirring at 500 rpm. Under these conditions, 55% of the fatty acids were esterified,
and the AA content in the FFA fraction was raised to 51% with a 92% yield. The long-chain saturated fatty acids in the FFA
fraction were eliminated as urea adducts. This procedure raised the AA content to 63%. To further elevate the AA content,
the fatty acids were esterified again in the same manner with Candida lipase. The repeated esterification raised the AA content to 75% with a recovery of 71% of its initial content. 相似文献
12.
Isolation of tocopherol and sterol concentrate from sunflower oil deodorizer distillate 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
The isolation of tocopherols and sterols together as a concentrate from sunflower oil deodorizer distillate was investigated.
The sunflower oil deodorizer distillate was composed of 24.9% unsaponifiable matter with 4.8% tocopherols and 9.7% sterols,
28.8% free fatty acid (FFA) and 46.3% neutral glycerides. The isolation technology included process steps such as biohydrolysis,
bioesterification and fractional distillation. The neutral glycerides of the deodorizer distillates were hydrolyzed byCandida cylindracea lipase. The total fatty acids (initial FFA plus FFA from neutral glycerides) were converted into butyl esters withMucor miehei lipase. The esterified product was then fractionally distilled in a Claisen-vigreux flask. The first fraction, which was
collected at 180–230°C at 1.00 mm of Hg for 45 min, contained mainly butyl esters, hydrocarbons, oxidized products and some
amount of free fatty acids. The fraction collected at 230–260°C at 1.00 mm Hg for 15 min was rich in tocopherols (about 30%)
and sterols (about 36%). The overall recovery of tocopherols and sterols after hydrolysis, esterification and distillation
were around 70% and 42%, respectively, of the original content in sunflower oil deodorizer distillate. 相似文献
13.
The quantitative distribution of 23 acyl lipid classes and unsaponifiable matter in kernels of amylomaize, LG-11 hybrid maize
and waxy maize is described. LG-11 and waxy maize were normal (oil content) varieties, containing 4.9% and 5.1% lipid, respectively,
while amylomaize (9.3% lipid) was a high oil variety. The distribution of kernel lipids was 76–83% in germ, 1–2% in pericarp,
1% in tip cap, 1–11% in starch, and 13–15% in aleurone plus the nonstarch fraction of the starchy endosperm. Germ contained
39–47% lipid, which was nostly triglyceride (TG), with some steryl esters (SE) and diglycerides (DG), and small amounts of
glycolipids (GL) and phospholipids (PL). Aleurone lipids appeared to be TG with some free fatty acids (FFA) and SE. The other
nonstarch lipids in starchy endosperm were FFA with very small amounts of SE, DG, GL and PL. The starches had a little surface
lipid (FFA) and true (internal) starch lipid (FFA, lyso-PL) in quantities roughly related to amylose content (amylomaize =ca.
73% amylose, 1.0% lipid; LG-11=23% amylose, 0.7% lipid; waxy maize =<5% amylose, 0.2% lipid). Pericarp lipids (0.8–2.5%) were
mainly unsaponifiable matter, the acyl lipids being TG, SE, DG and FFA. Tip cap lipids (2.5–2.9%) had more TG, GL and PL than
pericarp lipids, but were otherwise similar. Pericarp lipids and endosperm nonstarch lipids appeared to have suffered extensive
degradation at some time during kernel development or after harvesting, while lipids in starch, germ and tip cap were evidently
unaffected. FFA and lyso-PL are regarded as normal components of maize starch (rather than degradation products) and may occur
as amylose inclusion complexes. 相似文献
14.
Gerald P. McNeill Philip E. Sonnet 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(2):213-218
Three lipases were compared for their ability to hydrolyze high erucic acid rapeseed oil, with the objective of concentrating
the erucic acid in a single glyceride fraction. Lipase fromPseudomonas cepacia released all fatty acids rapidly and did not result in selective distribution of erucic acid.Geotrichum candidum lipase released C20 and C22 fatty acids extremely slowly, resulting in their accumulation in the di- and triglyceride fractions.
Less than 2% of the total erucic acid was found in the free fatty acid (FFA) fraction. Lipase fromCandida rugosa released erucic acid more slowly than C20 and C18 fatty acids at 35°C but only resulted in a limited accumulation of the
erucic acid in the di- and triglyceride fractions. However, when hydrolysis catalyzed byC. rugosa lipase was carried out below 20°C, the reaction mixture solidified and was composed solely of FFAs and diglycerides. The
diglyceride fraction contained approximately 95% erucic acid while about 20% of the total erucic acid was found in the FFA
fraction. It is concluded that hydrolysis at low temperature withC. rugosa lipase results in a higher purity of erucic acid in the glyceride fraction than can be obtained withG. candidum lipase, but with considerable loss of erucic acid to the FFA fraction. 相似文献
15.
Afaf Kamal-Eldin Lars Åke Appelqvist 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(2):135-139
Seeds from different collections of cultivatedSesamum indicum Linn. and three related wild species [specifically,S. alatum Thonn.,S. radiatum Schum and Thonn. andS. angustifolium (Oliv.) Engl.] were studied for their oil content and fatty acid composition of the total lipids. The wild seeds contained
less oil (ca. 30%) than the cultivated seeds (ca. 50%). Lipids from all four species were comparable in their total fatty acid composition, with palmitic (8.2–12.7%), stearic
(5.6–9.1%), oleic (33.4–46.9%) and linoleic acid (33.2–48.4%) as the major acids. The total lipids from selected samples were
fractionated by thin-layer chromatography into five fractions: triacylglycerols (TAG; 80.3–88.9%), diacylglycerols (DAG; 6.5–10.4%),
free fatty acids (FFA; 1.2–5.1%), polar lipids (PL; 2.3–3.5%) and steryl esters (SE; 0.3–0.6%). Compared to the TAG, the four
other fractions (viz, DAG, FFA, PL and SE) were generally characterized by higher percentages of saturated acids, notably palmitic and stearic
acids, and lower percentages of linoleic and oleic acids in all species. Slightly higher percentages of long-chain fatty acids
(20∶0, 20∶1, 22∶0 and 24∶0) were observed for lipid classes other than TAG in all four species. Based on the fatty acid composition
of the total lipids and of the different acyl lipid classes, it seems thatS. radiatum andS. angustifolium are more related to each other than they are to the other two species. 相似文献
16.
The characteristics patterns and asymmetric distribution of phospholipid fatty acids suggest precise control mechanisms. Our
investigations were designed to assess mitochondrial fatty acid elongation and their pattern of incorporation into complex
lipids. Fatty acid chain elongation in the total lipid fraction occurred primarily with the more abundant fatty acids present.
Elongation patterns in free fatty acids were similar to the total lipid fraction except C20:4 and C22:4 were formed to slightly greater extent. Choline glycerophosphatide and ethanolamine glycerophosphatide displayed different
patterns of elongation. Choline glycerophosphatide contained more elongated longer chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, while
ethanolamine glycerophosphatide contained greater amounts of elongated shorter chain saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids.
These results suggest that fatty acid elongation may play a specific role in fulfilling mitochondrial phospholipid fatty acid
requirements. 相似文献
17.
Lipid metabolism in germinating flaxseed 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Flaxseed was germinated in the dark at 25C for 90 hr and the amt of triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFA) and phospholipids,
as well as the fatty acid composition of each, were determined at 18-hr intervals. The amt of FFA increased greatly during
germination. There was no preferential metabolism of any particular fatty acid in either the triglyceride or FFA fractions.
The percentage of linolenic acid in the phospholipids increased as germination progressed. Behenic, lignoceric and cerotic
acids were observed in the FFA fraction after 54 hr of germination. Odd-numbered saturated and unsaturated acids, indicative
of ana-oxidation mechanism, were observed in the FFA fraction at 54 hr and in the triglyceride fraction at 72 hr.
Cooperative investigations of the Dept. of Agricultural Biochemistry, North Dakota State University. Fargo, and Crops Research
Div., ARS, USDA. Published by permission of the Director, North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. Journal No. 54.
Crops Research Div., ARS, USDA.
This paper is taken in part from the dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of D.C.Z., 1964. 相似文献
18.
Junwei Qian Siping Jiang Wentao Su Ping Gao 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(12):1175-1179
The bran of hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) from Tibet was investigated. This paper reports on the physicochemical characteristics, lipid classes and fatty acids of
the oil from the bran. The petroleum (60–90 °C) extract of hulless barley bran was found to be 8.1%. The investigated physiochemical
parameters included density at 40 °C (0.96 g/cm3), refractive index at 40 °C (1.41), melting point (30.12 °C), acid value (11.6 mg KOH/g), peroxide value (19.41 μg/g), saponification
value (337.62 mg KOH/g), iodine value (113.51 mg iodine/g) and unsaponifiable matter (4.5% of total lipids).The amount of
neutral lipids in the crude oil was the highest (94.55% of total lipids), followed by glycolipids (4.20% of the total lipid)
and phospholipids (1.25% of the total lipid). Linoleic acid (75.08% of total fatty acids) followed by palmitic acid (20.58%
of total fatty acids), were the two major fatty acids in the oil. The results show that the oil from the hulless barley bran
could be a good source of valuable essential fatty acids. 相似文献
19.
P. Scano R. Anedda M. P. Melis M. A. Dessi’ A. Lai T. Roggio 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2011,88(9):1305-1316
In this work the molecular fatty components of Pecorino Sardo Protected Designation of Origin (PS PDO) cheese were characterized
through an exhaustive investigation of the 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra of the extracted lipids. Several fatty acids (FA), such as long chain saturated, oleic, linoleic, linolenic,
butyric, capric, caprylic, caproic, trans vaccenic, conjugated linoleic acid (cis9, trans11–18:2), and caproleic (9–10:1) were unambiguously detected. The positional isomery of some acyl groups in the glycerol backbone
of triacylglycerols (TAG) was assessed. Furthermore, the NMR signals belonging to sn-1,2/2,3, sn-1,3 diacylglycerols (DAG), and free fatty acids (FFA) were analysed as a measure of lipolytic processes on cheese. Lastly,
1H-NMR resonances of saturated aldehydes and hydroperoxides were detected, their very low intensity indicating that the lipid
oxidation process can be considered to be of minor relevance in Pecorino Sardo cheese. 相似文献
20.
Kotte Sagar Rao Pradosh Prasad Chakrabarti B. V. S. K. Rao R. B. N. Prasad 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(2):197-200
Jatropha curcus L. oil has emerged as one of the most important raw materials for biodiesel production. However, no detailed study has been
reported on characterizing the lipid constituents of jatropha oil. The present study revealed that the total oil content of
jatropha seeds was 32% with a composition of 97.6% neutral lipids, 0.95% glycolipids and 1.45% phospholipids. The fatty acid
composition of total lipids, neutral lipids, phospholipids and glycolipids was also determined and found to contain oleic
acid (18:1) and linoleic acids (18:2) as major fatty acids. The phospholipids fraction was further characterized and quantified
and found to contain phosphatidyl choline (PC) 60.5%, phosphatidyl inositol (PI) 24% and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) 15.5%.
The fatty acid composition and the positional distribution of the fatty acids of individual phospholipids were also reported. 相似文献