干燥器法测定甲醛释放量的不确定度评定

依据GB/T 17657-1999《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》中干燥器法测定甲醛释放量,对装饰单板贴面人造板中甲醛释放量的检测过程进行研究,分析了检测过程的不确定度来源,确定了人造板甲醛释放量的测量结果不确定度,提出了干燥器法甲醛释放量检测不确定度的评定方法。     

人造板甲醛释放量检测方法探究

因甲醛的危害程度较大,因此针对人造板中甲醛的释放量的检测方法越来越受到社会各界关注。对人造板甲醛释放量的几种国内外常见的检测方法进行研究,如干燥器法、气候箱法、穿孔萃取法,提高检测效率和检测准确性。     

三聚氰胺泡沫中甲醛不同检测方法的比较分析

分别采取9-11L干燥器法、水吸收法及水萃取法对蜜胺泡绵中游离甲醛含量进行检测,通过对不同方法的检测结果进行比较分析,探讨各种测试方法的优缺点,旨在为完善我国蜜胺泡绵产品甲醛释放量的检测方法提供一些参考意见。     

人造板家具甲醛释放量检测干燥器法研究与分析

实验通过干燥器法对不同使用功能的人造板类家具的甲醛释放情况进行了检测,以确定不同种类人造板类家具甲醛释放量之间的关系。干燥器实验结果显示,当人造板家具生产所使用板材相同的情况下,干燥器法检测的数值基本上相同,从而得出结论,干燥器法不能反映不同种类家具甲醛释放状况。同时,实验结果还说明了GB18584-2001《室内装饰装修材料木家具中有害物质限量》还存在很多需要进一步完善和改进的地方。     

人造板甲醛释放量检测方法的分析

人造板材中甲醛的释放严重影响着人体健康,因此研究板材甲醛释放的检测方法可以减少室内污染、保障人体健康。系统地介绍了人造板甲醛释放量检测的几种常用方法,分析了影响检测结果的主要因素,对规范实验室实验操作、提升检测水平具有指导作用。     

书刊印刷产品中甲醛释放量的测定

利用真空干燥器法,建立了乙酰丙酮显色法测定书籍中甲醛释放量的分析方法。研究表明,甲醛释放量的线性方程为y=7.3108x-0.0764,R2=0.9969,RSD=0.296%,该方法操作快捷,结果稳定,能实现无损化检测,具有良好的再现性,可满足检测需要。     

影响木质——橡胶环保复合材料甲醛释放量的因子分析

为制备出洁净无毒的木质-橡胶环保复合材料,本文通过相关检测方法对影响木质—橡胶环保复合材料甲醛释放量的主要因子进行了检测,并对检测结果进行了详细的分析。结果表明,木刨花与橡胶颗粒质量比和脲醛胶对该复合材料甲醛释放量影响最大。     

干燥器法中甲醛释放，扩散和吸收的规律

以家具产品质量标准中检测甲醛释放量的干燥器法为研究对象,分别对甲醛从板中释放,甲醛在空气中扩散和甲醛被水吸收三个过程进行深入研究。根据经典的气体传质理论,我们分别介绍了这三个过程中甲醛气体传质的数学模型。通过数学关系的分析,我们发现板材本身,环境温度和湿度,甲醛在空气中扩散效率和被水吸收程度对检测结果有不同程度的影响,针对这些影响,我们从原理上提出了初步的改进建议。     

日化产品中甲醛的危害及分析方法研究进展

对日化产品中甲醛危害及其常用检测方法进行综述。从皮肤黏膜、肺脏器官及神经系统3方面介绍甲醛危害,从光度法和色谱法2方面介绍了日化产品中游离甲醛和甲醛释放体的检测。分析了各检测方法的优缺点,并对甲醛检测方法进行了展望。     

人造板家具中甲醛释放量检测方法探讨

随着近些年科学技术的发展,室内使用人造板类装饰装修材料数量明显增加,因此使用人造板制作的家具受到了广大消费者的喜爱,有着非常好的市场销售情况。然而,人造板家具在当今世界的广泛使用也导致了另一重大的环境问题--室内污染。大量的人造板家具在室内使用,产生的甲醛释放源大幅度增加,造成室内空气污染。而人造板家具则是引起室内甲醛浓度超标的重要释放源,从而使得人造板家具的甲醛释放量越来越受到人们的关注。本文系统化的分析了影响人造板家具中的甲醛释放量检测结果的各项因素,并对甲醛的收集、甲醛含量的定量操作这两个关键操作步骤进行了详细阐述,从而对人造板的甲醛释放量的检测方法有更深入的了解。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。