Breath Figure法制备聚碳酸酯(PC)蜂窝状多孔膜

以单组分聚碳酸酯(PC)为膜材质,在一定的湿度环境下,利用Breath Figure法在玻璃基板上成功制备了蜂窝状孔结构的聚碳酸酯多孔膜。研究了溶剂、溶液浓度和湿度对所成多孔膜结构和形貌的影响。实验结果表明,采用二氯甲烷为溶剂所制得的孔结构规整,排列均匀紧密,孔径大小为(3.30±0.19)μm,而以三氯甲烷为溶剂只能得到孔径大小不均且无紧密排列的孔。环境湿度从43%增加到91%,孔径大小由(2.28±0.63)μm增加到(9.07±1.42)μm,且湿度与孔大小基本上呈现一阶线性关系,通过理论推导得出直线斜率为0.15μm/%,即在此体系中湿度每增加1%,所形成的孔大小增加0.15μm。     

聚醚砜蜂窝状多孔膜的研究

以聚醚砜(PES)为材料通过水蒸汽辅助法制备蜂窝状多孔膜,利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察膜表面形貌特征.研究溶剂、铸膜液浓度和湿度等因素对形成多孔膜结构的影响,通过控制铸膜液浓度、湿度等因素来控制膜的表面形貌及其所成蜂窝状孔的大小.实验结果表明,高湿度环境和具有一定浓度的聚合物溶液是制备蜂窝状多孔膜的必要条件;溶剂的挥发性是形成规整蜂窝状孔结构的关键因素,形成蜂窝状多孔膜的最佳条件为溶剂CH_2Cl_2,相对湿度93.5%,铸膜液中PES质量分数为2%,注射量为60μL.     

Breath Figures法制备漆酚铜聚合物多孔膜

以漆酚铜聚合物(UCP)有机溶液为铸膜液,采用Breath Figures法制备漆酚铜聚合物多孔膜,探讨了溶剂、环境相对湿度和潮湿气体流速等因素对多孔膜形貌的影响,并使用红外光谱和扫描电镜等进行表征。结果表明,以二硫化碳为溶剂,在静态(潮湿气体流速为0mL/min,湿度为95%)或动态(潮湿气体流速为400mL/min,湿度为85%)时,均可制得孔分布均匀、孔型规整、优良耐热性和耐酸碱性的疏水性UCP多孔膜,其平均孔径分别为1.5和0.85μm。     

层-层自组装制备三维蜂窝状醋酸纤维素多孔膜

以单一组分醋酸纤维素(CA)为成膜材质,不添加任何添加剂条件下,利用水蒸气辅助法层-层自组装制备了三维蜂窝状CA多孔膜。利用扫描电镜观察了多孔膜形貌;研究了溶剂、环境湿度和浓度等因素对所成多孔膜结构影响。实验结果表明,以二氯甲烷为溶剂,制备得到的孔结构规整、排列紧密;环境湿度由43%增加到91%,孔径大小由(1.36±0.24)μm增加到(3.71±0.18)μm;CA的质量分数为1%~2%有利于规整孔的形成。扫描电镜断面观察发现CA膜内部全部成孔,且内部孔径大小为(1.09±0.13)μm,约为表面孔径大小的一半。利用界面能最小化理论解释了三维蜂窝孔的形成机理。此三维多孔膜有利于细胞的粘附、铺展、分化和增殖,可作为一种良好的组织工程支架材料使用。     

层-层自组装制备三维蜂窝状醋酸纤维素多孔膜EI北大核心CSCD

以单一组分醋酸纤维素（CA）为成膜材质,不添加任何添加剂条件下,利用水蒸气辅助法层-层自组装制备了三维蜂窝状CA多孔膜。利用扫描电镜观察了多孔膜形貌;研究了溶剂、环境湿度和浓度等因素对所成多孔膜结构影响。实验结果表明,以二氯甲烷为溶剂,制备得到的孔结构规整、排列紧密;环境湿度由43%增加到91%,孔径大小由（1.36±0.24）μm增加到（3.71±0.18）μm;CA的质量分数为1%~2%有利于规整孔的形成。扫描电镜断面观察发现CA膜内部全部成孔,且内部孔径大小为（1.09±0.13）μm,约为表面孔径大小的一半。利用界面能最小化理论解释了三维蜂窝孔的形成机理。此三维多孔膜有利于细胞的粘附、铺展、分化和增殖,可作为一种良好的组织工程支架材料使用。     

呼吸图法制备三醋酸纤维素蜂窝状多孔膜

选用三醋酸纤维素(CTA)为膜材质,采用呼吸图法制备有序的蜂窝状多孔膜.考察了溶剂、浓度、温度、湿度等条件对蜂窝状微孔膜微观结构和孔径大小及孔径均匀性的影响.实验表明,湿度(RH)在70%~90%,以载玻片为基板可以制得孔径3μm左右的蜂窝状膜.     

水辅助法制备左旋聚乳酸/聚乙烯醇复合多孔膜及其力学性能

以左旋聚乳酸(PLLA)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)为成膜材料,利用水辅助法制备了PLLA/PVA复合多孔膜。研究了溶剂及其组成、环境湿度和聚合物浓度对形成多孔膜的形貌影响。筛选出可完全溶解PLLA/PVA体系的二甲亚砜(DMSO)/二氯甲烷(DCM)混合溶剂。V(DMSO)/V(DCM)=1/9为溶剂得到孔径大小为(2.45±0.31)μm的规整蜂窝孔,且随着DMSO含量增多,孔径变小,孔分布变得无序。环境湿度从43%增加到91%,孔径大小由(1.43±0.63)μm增加到(4.30±0.63)μm,孔径与环境湿度基本上呈现一阶线性关系。与纯PLLA多孔膜相比,PLLA/PVA复合多孔膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别从33.32MPa和12.46%增加到40.66MPa和32.57%。PLLA/PVA复合多孔膜有利于细胞的粘附与生长,因而有望作为组织工程支架材料。     

呼吸图案法制备聚苯乙烯有序多孔膜

有序多孔膜是一种可以应用于众多领域的功能性材料,建立简单、低廉和安全的制备方法能够强有力地推进多孔膜材料的广泛利用.本文用水作为模板剂,以溶解于甲苯的工业通用级聚苯乙烯(PS,PG-22)溶液为成膜材料,利用呼吸图案法成功地制备出多孔膜,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)对所制的多孔膜形貌进行了观察,分别研究了动态和静态气氛、制膜液用量、质量浓度、环境湿度等条件对孔径大小和分布的影响.结果表明,制备有序多孔膜的适宜条件为:在环境温度25℃和用甲苯为溶剂时,聚合物质量浓度为25 mg/m L,用量0.8 m L,环境湿度85%(相对湿度),并保持静态气氛.采用聚苯乙烯溶液多次涂覆方法可以增加多孔膜厚度,有利于提高其机械强度,也为有序多孔碳材料的制备奠定了基础.     

利用水滴模板法制备蜂窝状有序多孔聚亚苯基砜膜的研究

聚亚苯基砜(PPSU)是一种具有高机械强度、热稳定性和耐化学性的膜材料,而利用水滴模板法制备蜂窝状有序多孔膜是分子自组装领域一个极大的发展。通过考察聚合物浓度、溶剂和添加剂等因素对蜂窝状有序多孔PPSU膜孔径的影响。结果表明:当聚合物浓度从20g/L上升到70g/L时,平均膜孔径由11.5μm减小到4.4μm,呈下降趋势;相比CH_2Cl_2和CH_2Cl_2/CHCl_3共混溶液,CHCl_3是最佳溶剂;丙酮作为添加剂,当丙酮与CHCl_3溶剂比由0.1∶20增加到0.5∶20时,膜孔径由8.9μm增加到13.3μm,但膜孔数量会减少。     

蝌蚪型POSS丙烯酸酯嵌段共聚物及其蜂窝状多孔膜的制备和性能

采用一锅逐步加料的原子转移自由基聚合方法(ATRP)制备了一种蝌蚪型多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)丙烯酸酯嵌段共聚物, 并用静态呼吸图法制备该共聚物蜂窝状结构的多孔膜, 研究成膜条件如溶剂种类、聚合物浓度、相对湿度等对聚合物多孔膜形貌的影响, 以及空气/硅片、空气/水和空气/冰3种成膜界面对膜形貌的影响。结果表明, 在空气/硅片界面上, 以三氯甲烷为溶剂, 环境相对湿度为80%, 浓度为20 mg·mL^-1时, 可形成圆形孔的多孔膜, 孔排列成六方形; 在相同的条件下在空气/水和空气/冰界面上均可制备出类似规整形貌的多孔结构, 但多孔膜的孔径、孔间距有很大的不同, 在空气/冰界面上的孔径更小、孔间距更窄。这种多孔膜具有良好的疏水性, 且其接触角随着孔径的减小而增大; 该多孔膜还具有良好的耐强酸强碱性和耐热性能。     

高湿度条件下蜂窝孔结构的形成与控制

高湿度条件下规整蜂窝孔结构的形成是高分子分子自组装领域的一大进展,其在生物技术、组织工程、微图象技术、高端分离技术及医药等领域有可能获得重要应用．本文就高湿度条件下,规整蜂窝状孔结构的形成机理,制作方法,膜材质以及对蜂窝孔的形成与形态结构控制的影响因素等方面在近年来的研究进展进行了综述,对其正在进行的应用试验做了介绍,并对应用前景作了展望．     

Mesoscopic 2-D ordering of inorganic/organic hybrid materials

Organic–inorganic hybrid materials with micronsized (i.e., mesoscopic) network structures are expected to have interesting properties and applications in various fields, such as separation, catalysis, biomineralization, or quantum optics. Here a new method is introduced to produce thin films of two-dimensionally ordered honeycomb structures. Casting a chloroform solution of a mixture of organic amphiphiles with metal acetylacetonates or -alkoxides at high atmospheric humidity leads to the formation of a closely packed layer of water droplets on top of the organic solvent. The water acts as a template, After evaporation of the chloroform and the water, a honeycomb structure remains. Pyrolysis of the metal alkoxides films lead to the formation of microporous metal oxide (e.g., anatase, one of the catalytic active titanium oxides).     

Mesoscopic and submicroscopic patterning in thin polymer films: Impact of the solvent

Formation of mesoscopic and submicrometric self-assembled patterns in polystyrene and polycarbonate films produced by a fast dip-coating process was studied. Mixtures of chloroform and dichloromethane were used as a solvent. The mixture's composition plays a decisive role in the patterning. Close-packed honeycomb structures comprised of 200–2000 nm pores dispersed in polymer matrix were obtained. The mechanism of self-assembling is discussed.     

可溶性聚酰亚胺规整多孔膜的形成与控制

选用4种聚合单体:4,4'-六氟亚异丙基一邻苯二甲酸酐(6FDA)、双酚A二酐(BPA-DA)、4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷(MDA)、3,3'-二甲基-4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷(DMMDA),采用低温溶液缩聚-化学亚胺化合成了3种可溶性的聚酰亚胺:6FDA-MDA,6FDA-DMMDA,BPADA-DMMDA,利用FI-IR、NMR等对其结构进行了分析表征,测试了它们的溶解性能与热性能.将这3种聚酰亚胺溶于氯仿溶液中,在高湿度环境下浇铸形成规整多孔膜结构;研究了其规整孔结构的拉伸与吹扫特定形变,最后还研究了所得的规整多孔膜的高温热稳定性,发现在350℃仍能保持规整结构的稳定.     

Preparation of macroporous and mesoporous TiO2 film with various solvents

To investigate the effects of solvents on the microstructure, porous TiO₂ films have been prepared by sol-gel method using hydroxypropyl cellulose as the additive. Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethanol, and the mixed solution of half ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and half ethanol were chosen as the solvents. Infrared spectra, scanning electron microscope micrographs, and X-ray diffraction patterns have been studied to characterize the microstructure of the sol and film samples. The results showed that mesoporous TiO₂ films with the pore size around 20 nm, 10 nm and 6 nm were obtained when propylene glycol monomethyl ether, the mixed solution of half ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and half ethanol, and ethanol were used as solvent, respectively. It was found that COC group in the solvent was beneficial to enlarge the pore size, because the oxygen bridge in the COC groups could be pulled out and act with titanoxane polymers. When ethylene glycol monomethyl ether was used as the solvent, macroporous TiO₂ film with pore size around 200 nm was obtained. This can be ascribed to the high enough concentration of effective COC groups of the solvent.     

Pharmaceutical Investigations of a Film Forming Material Isolated from Roots of Salacia Macrosperma

A film forming material (FFM) was isolated in pure form from chloroform extract of roots Salacia macrosperma (Hippocrataceae) and was found to be a polymer of isoprene. It was not absorbed through gastrointestinal tract of rats and non-toxic. Electronic microscopic studies on films prepared with different concentrations of FFM in various organic solvents revealed that chloroform is an ideal solvent for preparing uniform films. Use of FFM as a film coating material was evaluated     

Thermoelectrical properties and optical third harmonic generation of Gd-doped PbTe

Nanocrystalline TiO₂ porous films were prepared by a sol-gel dip coating method from a solution using poly(ethylene glycol) as a template, ethanol as a solvent and terpineol as a highly viscous solvent. The thickness of films increases greatly by increasing the amount of terpineol. However, the overmuch incorporation of terpineol hinders the formation of porous structure and accelerates the crack creation. The crack-free film having a three-dimensionally extended porous structure was obtained at the ethanol/terpineol ratio of 8:1, the film thickness with three depositions being 2.5 μm. Pretreatment of the precursor at an appropriate temperature also plays an important role in pore formation. Single-phase anatase TiO₂ porous films were obtained after calcinations at 550°C for 1 h, and the crystal size increases with an increase in the amount of terpineol. The pore formation mechanism is discussed primarily in relation to the phase separation in the system and self-assembly of PEG.