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提出了一种具有软错误自恢复能力的12管SRAM单元。该单元省去了专用的存取管,具有高鲁棒性、低功耗的优点。在65 nm CMOS工艺下,该结构能够完全容忍单点翻转,容忍双点翻转的比例是64.29%,与DICE加固单元相比,双点翻转率降低了30.96%。与DICE、Quatro等相关SRAM加固单元相比,该SRAM单元的读操作电流平均下降了77.91%,动态功耗平均下降了60.21%,静态电流平均下降了44.60%,亚阈值泄漏电流平均下降了27.49%,适用于低功耗场合。 相似文献
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在空间辐射环境下,存储单元对单粒子翻转的敏感性日益增强。通过比较SRAM的单粒子翻转效应相关加固技术,在传统EDAC技术的基础上,增加少量硬件模块,有效利用双端口SRAM的端口资源,提出了一种新的周期可控定时刷新机制,实现了对存储单元数据的周期性纠错检错。对加固SRAM单元进行分析和仿真,结果表明,在保证存储单元数据被正常存取的前提下,定时刷新机制的引入很大程度地降低了单粒子翻转引起的错误累积效应,有效降低了SRAM出现软错误的概率。 相似文献
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在SRAM加固设计中,存储单元的版图抗辐射设计起着重要的作用。基于分离位线的双互锁存储单元(DICE)结构,采用0.18μm体硅工艺,根据电路功能、结构和抗辐射性能,设计了一种新的NMOS隔离管的SRAM存储单元版图结构。根据分析结果,SRAM存储单元在确保存储单元功能的前提下,具备抗总剂量效应、抗单粒子翻转和抗单粒子闩锁效应,同时可实现单元面积的最优化。 相似文献
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提高静态随机存储器(SRAM)的抗单粒子能力是当前电子元器件抗辐射加固领域的研究重点之一。体硅CMOS SRAM不作电路设计加固则难以达到较好抗单粒子能力,作电路设计加固则要在芯片面积和功耗方面做出很大牺牲。为了研究绝缘体上硅(SOI)基SRAM芯片的抗单粒子翻转能力,突破了SOI CMOS加固工艺和128kb SRAM电路设计等关键技术,研制成功国产128kb SOI SRAM芯片。对电路样品的抗单粒子摸底实验表明,其抗单粒子翻转线性传输能量阈值大于61.8MeV/(mg/cm^2),优于未做加固设计的体硅CMOS SRAM。结论表明,基于SOI技术,仅需进行器件结构和存储单元的适当考虑,即可达到较好的抗单粒子翻转能力。 相似文献
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为解决纳米CMOS工艺下单粒子多节点翻转的问题,提出了一种加固存储单元(RH-12T)。在Quatro-10T存储单元基础上对电路结构进行改进,使存“0”节点不受高能粒子入射的影响,敏感节点对的数目是晶体管双立互锁(DICE)存储单元的一半。基于敏感节点对分离和SET缩减原理,进行了加固存储单元版图设计。在相同设计方法下,该存储单元的敏感节点间距是DICE存储单元的3倍。抗SEU仿真结果表明,该存储单元具备单节点翻转全加固能力。全物理模型单粒子瞬态仿真结果表明,该存储单元的线性能量转移 (LET)翻转阈值为DICE存储单元的2.8倍,能有效缓解单粒子多节点翻转的问题。 相似文献
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基于130 nm部分耗尽绝缘体上硅(SOI) CMOS工艺,设计并开发了一款标准单元库.研究了单粒子效应并对标准单元库中存储单元电路进行了抗单粒子辐射的加固设计.提出了一种基于三模冗余(TMR)的改进的抗辐射加固技术,可以同时验证非加固与加固单元的翻转情况并定位翻转单元位置.对双互锁存储单元(DICE)加固、非加固存储单元电路进行了性能及抗辐射能力的测试对比.测试结果显示,应用DICE加固的存储单元电路在99.8 MeV ·cm2 ·mg_1的线性能量转移(LET)阈值下未发生翻转,非加固存储单元电路在37.6 MeV·cm2·mg_1和99.8 MeV·cm2·mg_1两个LET阈值下测试均发生了翻转,试验中两个版本的基本单元均未发生闩锁.结果证明,基于SOI CMOS工艺的抗辐射加固设计(RHBD)可以显著提升存储单元电路的抗单粒子翻转能力. 相似文献
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针对单粒子翻转问题,设计了一种低开销的加固锁存器。在输出级使用钟控C单元,以屏蔽锁存器内部节点的瞬态故障;在输出节点所在的反馈环上使用C单元,屏蔽输出节点上瞬态故障对电路的影响;采用了从输入节点到输出节点的高速通路设计,延迟开销大幅降低。HSPICE仿真结果表明,相比于FERST,SEUI,HLR,Iso-DICE锁存器,该锁存器的面积平均下降23.20%,延迟平均下降55.14%,功耗平均下降42.62%。PVT分析表明,该锁存器的性能参数受PVT变化的影响很小,性能稳定。 相似文献
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针对单粒子翻转(SEU)的问题,提出了一种容SEU的新型自恢复锁存器。采用1P-2N单元、输入分离的钟控反相器以及C单元,使得锁存器对SEU能够实现自恢复,可用于时钟门控电路。采用高速通路设计和钟控设计,以减小延迟和降低功耗。相比于HLR-CG1,HLR-CG2,TMR,HiPer-CG锁存器,该锁存器的功耗平均下降了44.40%,延迟平均下降了81%,功耗延迟积(PDP)平均下降了94.20%,面积开销平均减少了1.80%。 相似文献
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提出了12管低功耗SRAM加固单元。基于堆叠结构,大幅度降低电路的泄漏电流,有效降低了电路功耗。基于两个稳定结构,可以有效容忍单粒子翻转引起的软错误。Hspice仿真结果表明,与相关加固结构相比,该结构的功耗平均下降31.09%,HSNM平均上升19.91%,RSNM平均上升97.34%,WSNM平均上升15.37%,全工作状态下均具有较高的静态噪声容限,表现出优秀的稳定性能。虽然面积开销平均增加了9.56%,但是,读时间平均下降14.27%,写时间平均下降18.40%,能够满足高速电子设备的需求。 相似文献
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在纳米锁存器中,由电荷共享效应导致的多节点翻转(MNU)正急剧增加,成为主要的可靠性问题之一。尽管现有的辐射加固锁存器能够对MNU进行较好的容错,但是这些加固锁存器只依赖于传统的冗余技术进行加固,需要非常大的硬件开销。基于辐射翻转机制(瞬态脉冲翻转极性)设计了一种新型抗MNU锁存器。该锁存器可有效减少需保护的节点数(敏感节点数)和晶体管数,因此可减少电路的硬件开销。由于至少存在2个节点可以保存正确的值,因此任何单节点翻转(SNU)和MNU都可以被恢复容错。基于TSMC 65 nm CMOS工艺进行仿真,结果显示,设计的加固锁存器的电路面积、传播延迟和动态功耗分别为19.44μm2,16.96 ps和0.91μW。与现有的辐射加固锁存器相比,设计的锁存器具有较小的硬件开销功耗-延迟-面积乘积(PDAP)值,仅为300.02。 相似文献
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《Microelectronics Reliability》2015,55(6):863-872
As a consequence of technology scaling down, gate capacitances and stored charge in sensitive nodes are decreasing rapidly, which makes CMOS circuits more vulnerable to radiation induced soft errors. In this paper, a low cost and highly reliable radiation hardened latch is proposed using 65 nm CMOS commercial technology. The proposed latch can fully tolerate the single event upset (SEU) when particles strike on any one of its single node. Furthermore, it can efficiently mask the input single event transient (SET). A set of HSPICE post-layout simulations are done to evaluate the proposed latch circuit and previous latch circuits designed in the literatures, and the comparison results among the latches of type 4 show that the proposed latch reduces at least 39% power consumption and 67.6% power delay product. Moreover, the proposed latch has a second lowest area overhead and a comparable ability of the single event multiple upsets (SEMUs) tolerance among the latches of type 4. Finally, the impacts of process, supply voltage and temperature variations on our proposed latch and previous latches are investigated. 相似文献
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Nam Sung Kim Blaauw D. Mudge T. 《Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, IEEE Transactions on》2005,13(10):1147-1156
On-chip L1 and L2 caches represent a sizeable fraction of the total power consumption of microprocessors. In nanometer-scale technology, the subthreshold leakage power is becoming one of the dominant total power consumption components of those caches. In this study, we present optimization techniques to reduce the subthreshold leakage power of on-chip caches assuming that there are multiple threshold voltages, V/sub T/'s, available. First, we show a cache leakage optimization technique that examines the tradeoff between access time and subthreshold leakage power by assigning distinct V/sub T/'s to each of the four main cache components-address bus drivers, data bus drivers, decoders, and static random access memory (SRAM) cell arrays with sense amplifiers. Second, we show optimization techniques to reduce the leakage power of L1 and L2 on-chip caches without affecting the average memory access time. The key results are: 1) two additional high V/sub T/'s are enough to minimize leakage in a single cache-3 V/sub T/'s if we include a nominal low V/sub T/ for microprocessor core logic; 2) if L1 size is fixed, increasing L2 size can result in much lower leakage without reducing average memory access time; 3) if L2 size is fixed, reducing L1 size may result in lower leakage without loss of the average memory access time for the SPEC2K benchmarks; and 4) smaller L1 and larger L2 caches than are typical in today's processors result in significant leakage and dynamic power reduction without affecting the average memory access time. 相似文献
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当输入信号存在毛刺时,双边沿触发器的功耗通常会显著增大,为了有效降低功耗,提出一种基于毛刺阻塞原理的低功耗双边沿触发器。在该双边沿触发器中,采用了钟控CMOS技术C单元。一方面,C单元能有效阻塞输入信号存在的毛刺,防止触发器锁存错误的逻辑值。另一方面,钟控CMOS技术可以降低晶体管的充放电频率,进而降低电路功耗。相比其他现有双边沿触发器,该双边沿触发器在时钟边沿只翻转一次,大幅度减少了毛刺引起的节点冗余跳变,有效降低了功耗。与其他5种双边沿触发器相比,该双边沿触发器的总功耗平均降低了40.87%~72.60%,在有毛刺的情况下,总功耗平均降低了70.10%~70.29%,仅增加22.95%的平均面积开销和5.97%~6.81%的平均延迟开销。 相似文献
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Shanq-Jang Ruan Chi-Yu Wu Jui-Yuan Hsieh 《Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, IEEE Transactions on》2008,16(3):331-335
Content-addressable memory (CAM) is frequently used in applications, such as lookup tables, databases, associative computing, and networking, that require high-speed searches due to its ability to improve application performance by using parallel comparison to reduce search time. Although the use of parallel comparison results in reduced search time, it also significantly increases power consumption. In this paper, we propose a Block-xor approach to improve the efficiency of low power precomputation-based CAM (PB-CAM). Through mathematical analysis, we found that our approach can effectively reduce the number of comparison operations by 50% on average as compared with the ones-count approach for 32-bit-long inputs. In our experiment, we used Synopsys Nanosim to estimate the power consumption in TSMC 0.35-mum CMOS technology. Compared with the ones-count PB-CAM system, the experimental results show that our proposed approach can achieve on average 30% in power reduction and 32% in power performance reduction. The major contribution of this paper is that it presents theoretical and practical proofs to verify that our proposed Block-xor PB-CAM system can achieve greater power reduction without the need for a special CAM cell design. This implies that our approach is more flexible and adaptive for general designs. 相似文献