集中管理：华北制药的加速器

2004年,医药行业迎来了一场特殊的挑战,GMP、GSP认证迎来了医药制造和流通行业重组、调整、变革的浪潮。如果说“GMP、GSP认证”是帮助医药企业过“质量关”,那么一体化的集中管理系统则是帮助医药企业过“成本关”、“速     

数字制药迫在眉睫

2004年7月1日，中国1970家药厂和800多个药品车间停产，另外还有近千家药品批发和零售企业关门。因为它们没有分别通过《药品生产质量管理规范》(GMP)和《药品经营质量管理规范》(GSP)质量管理规范认证。这与这些制药企业的信息化建设迟缓有关。     

条码和EDI联合打造现代医药物流

药品，一种特殊的商品，除了普通商品特性外它还具备有效期、批号两大特性。医药物流，一种特殊的物流，无论是在途还是存储都必须遵守GSP(Good Supply Practice，药品经营质量管理规范)的规定。医药物流企业，一类特殊的企业，它集销售、配送、质量管理功能于一身。     

GSP对药品质量的控制刍议

医院药品质量的控制是一项综合且复杂的系统工程,而GSP作为药品经营的质量管理规范,其核心是通过严格的管理制度约束企业的行为,确保用药的安全。本文就GSP对药品质量的控制展开刍议,为构建科学的有效的医院质量管理体系提出相应的建议。     

实施GSP规范的作用分析

随着我国医疗改革的不断推进,GSP规范的推出和实施,我国的药品管理事业有了很多的进步。针对GSP规范的实施工作,它在药品管理方面发挥的很大的作用,具有重大的意义。本文从以下三个方面对实施GSP规范的作用这一问题进行讨论,即什么是GSP规范,实施GSP的作用以及实施GSP的意义。     

GSP的殊途同归

对于武汉春天和华北制药来说,GSP(药品生产流通经营质量管理规范)在信息化上的殊途同归说明一个道理:信息化已经成了支撑GSP不可或缺的生命线。     

医药经营企业条码管理信息系统的推广应用

随着我国医疗保健体系的建立健全,医药零售业快速发展,药品经营企业数量激增,医药销售市场竞争加剧,企业纷纷在医药经营方式上寻求创新,引入现代化的经营管理理念和先进的信息化管理手段,来提高管理水平,提升竞争力;同时,国家为了规范市场药品经营秩序,2000年发布《药品经营质量管理规范》（又称GSP规范）,     

医药ERP要善借“外势”

作为恒瑞医药的CIO，王卫列深知制药企业对药品库存有严格的有效期、批次管理；生产型医药企业还要求药品生产的全过程按GMP的要求进行管理；因此制药企业的ERP实施绝对不能搞“花架子”。     

面向中小型医药企业药品管理系统的构建

针对中小型医药经营企业,本文讨论结合GSP与广东省药品阳光采购平台要求,构建完善的药品进、销、存和质量管理系统,为医药企业信息管理系统的实施提供基础平台,减少因质量问题出现的经济损失,有效降低质量成本。     

制药设备管理与维护方法探析

近年来,随着科技的飞速发展,制药设备也在不断朝着科技化的方向发展。自制药设备管理企业应用良好操作规范（GMP）管理以来,对生产质量管理和设备管理等部门提出了越来越高的要求。目前,制药设备的管理已得到了人们的广泛关注。因此,就制药设备的管理和维护方法展开了深入探讨。     

基于工作流和本体建模的GMP文档管理系统研究

GMP(药品生产质量管理规范)是制药行业质量管理的依据,对GMP文档进行管理是制药企业的一项重要任务.然而,目前采用的一些基于手工方式或利用传统的GMP文档管理系统来管理GMP文档,还存在业务流程不能与文档的紧密相关、系统的重构性和可扩充性较差等问题.为解决这些问题,首先讨论了GMP文档管理的特点和复杂性及现有一些方法的不足,然后提出一种基于工作流和本体建模的GMP文档管理系统框架,接着详细分析了各组成部分主要功能及各子系统的具体实现.     

A Gossip-Based Energy Conservation Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks

In this paper, we present an energy conservation scheme for wireless ad hoc and sensor networks using gossiping to place nodes in an energy saving sleep state. The technique is termed the Gossip-based Sleep Protocol (GSP). With GSP, each node randomly goes to sleep for some time with gossip sleep probability p. GSP is based on the observation that in a well connected network there are usually many paths between a source and destination, so a percentage of nodes can be in an energy conserving sleep mode without losing network connectivity. GSP needs few operations, scales to large networks and does not require a wireless node to maintain the states of other nodes. We propose two versions of GSP, one for synchronous networks and one for asynchronous networks, and afterward extend GSP to adapt to network traffic conditions. We show the advantages of the GSP approach through both simulations and analysis.     

The value of location in keyword auctions

Sponsored links on search engines are an emerging advertising tool, whereby a number of slots are put on sale through keyword auctions. This is also known as contextual advertising. Slot assignment and pricing in keyword auctions are then essential for the search engine’s management since provide the main stream of revenues, and are typically accomplished by the Generalized Second Price (GSP) mechanism. In GSP the price of slots is a monotone function of the slot location, being larger for the highest slots. Though a higher location is associated with larger revenues, the lower costs associated with the lowest slots may make them more attractive for the advertiser. The contribution of this research is to show, by analytical and simulation results based on the theory of order statistics, that advertisers may not get the optimal slot they aim at (the slot maximizing their expected profit) and that the GSP mechanism may be unfair to all the winning bidders but the one who submitted the lowest bid.     

基于UML的医药管理系统的分析与设计

根据医药行业GSP管理的要求，在基于UML建模的基础上，通过面向对象的设计方法，借助Sybase公司的Powerdesigner和Powerbuilder工具，实现了采购、批发、零售连锁、仓库和配送于一体的综合性管理。研究了系统的结构、功能及其工作流程，运用UML进行面向对象的分析和设计，实现了对象模型向关系数据模型的转换，对开发设计管理信息系统有一定的借鉴意义。     

A shadow fraction method for mapping biomass of northern boreal black spruce forests using QuickBird imagery

We have developed and tested a method for mapping above-ground forest biomass of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) stands in northern boreal forests of eastern Canada. The method uses QuickBird images and applies image processing algorithms to extract tree shadow fraction (SF) as a predictive variable for estimating biomass. Three QuickBird images acquired over three test sites and 108 ground sample plots (GSP) were used to develop and test the method. SF was calculated from the fraction of tree shadow area over the area of a reference square overlaid on the images. Linear regressions between biomass of GSP and SF from the images for each test site resulted in R² in the range from 0.85 to 0.87 (except one case at 0.41), RMSE of 11 to 18 t/ha and bias of 2 to 5 t/ha. Statistical tests demonstrated that local regressions for the three test sites were not statistically significantly different. Consequently, a global regression was calculated with all GSP and produced R², RMSE, and bias of 0.84, 14.2 t/ha and 4.2 t/ha, respectively. While generalization of these results to extended areas of the boreal forest would require further assessment, the SF method provided an efficient means for mapping biomass of black spruce stands for three test areas that are characteristic of the northern boreal forest of eastern Canada (boreal and taiga shield ecozones).     

基于契约的网格资源管理

针对网格计算经济,研究了将契约应用于网格资源管理和调度的方法。提出了一个结构化的契约模式,完成了契约匹配算法,分析了契约的安全问题和相关处理。在此基础上提出了基于契约的网格资源管理体系。该方法简化了资源管理以及网格监测,规范了GSP的行为,促进了资源的可靠性,进而推进了QoS的改善。     

An adaptive balance optimization algorithm and its engineering application

The policy of balance between exploration capability and exploitation capability directly affects the solution performance of the meta-heuristic algorithm in a limited time. In order to better balance the exploration and exploitation capabilities of the algorithm and meet the solution requirements of complex real-world problems, the adaptive balance optimization algorithm (ABOA) is proposed in this paper. The algorithm consists of a global search phase (GSP) and a local search phase (LSP) and is controlled by a fixed parameter. ABOA not only considers the balance of exploration and exploitation capabilities of the algorithm throughout the whole iterative process but also focuses on the balance of exploration and exploitation in both GSP and LSP. The search in both phases is focused around the respective search centers from outside to inside. ABOA balances the exploration and exploitation capabilities of the algorithm throughout the search process by two adaptive policies: changing the search area and changing the search center. Fifty-two unconstrained benchmark test functions were employed to evaluate the performance of ABOA. The results of ABOA were compared with nine excellent optimization algorithms available in the literature. The statistical results and Friedman test showed that ABOA was significantly competitive. Finally, the results of the examined engineering design problems showed that ABOA can solve the constrained optimization problem better compared to other methods.     

SaaS模式下数据扩展性的设计与实现

引入了SaaS软件模式,针对GSP医药管理业务,给出了SaaS应用程序的架构模型。在对比分析三种存储模式的基础上,给出了基于元数据驱动的数据扩展方案的数据库设计,并对数据库设计给予详细阐述。在此基础上编码和测试,实现了对SaaS模式数据扩展性研究从理论到实践的转化。     

基于图割与泛形信息的对象分割方法

针对交互式图像对象分割对用户交互性、分割速度和精度的需求,提出一种融合用户交互中泛化形状(简称泛形)信息的方法.该方法通过能量函数将用户交互中包含的泛形信息(包括区域、边界泛形)与对象、背景外观颜色以及图像梯度信息有机地融合,建立了从全局优化到局部优化的分割框架,并利用高效的图割优化方法进行求解.在全局优化过程中,利用超像素代替像素作为处理的基本单元,在保留原图像空间结构特征的同时大幅降低了全局优化计算的复杂度,并通过区域泛形保证全局整体分割的质量.局部优化过程对全局分割结果边界处的错误进行修正,仅处理某段边界局部范围内的像素,保证了分割速度;同时,边界泛形约束进一步确保了最终分割结果在边界处的准确性.实验结果证明了文中方法在用户交互性、分割速度和精度方面的良好性能.