气相色谱法在聚氯乙烯生产中单体质量控制分析上的实际应用

阐述了以硅油702与β,β＇—氧二丙腈为混合固定液,上试101白色担体为固定相,运用1102G或102G型气相色谱仪分析PVC生产中的单体质量。主要是指控制其中的有机杂质(如乙炔、乙醛、1,1—二氯乙烷、顺.反—1,2—二氯乙烯、三氯乙烷、1,2—二氯乙烷等)的含量。     

用氟代烃副产氯化氢生产的氯乙烯中低沸物的定性定量研究

探索了利用气相色谱法来测定氯乙烯中氟代烃以及乙炔等低沸物的方法。该法是利用涂渍在硅胶上的β,β′-氧二丙腈组成的固定相进行分离,用FID进行检测,并用外标法进行含量的计算。该方法简单可靠、操作简便,测定速度快,适用于生产控制中的快速分析。     

氯乙烯爆炸危险性分析

氯乙烯储罐如瞬间泄漏后立即遇到火源，则可能发生沸腾液体扩展为蒸气爆炸；而氯乙烯储罐如瞬间泄漏后遇到延迟点火，则可能发生蒸气云爆炸。前属于火灾型，后属于爆炸型。在事故过程中，一种事故形态还可能向另一种形态转化，如燃烧可引起爆炸，爆炸也可引起燃烧。     

采用催化氢氟化工艺制备1，1，1-三氟-2，2-二氯乙烷的方法

全氯乙烯在气相状态下，采用γ-和／或β-AlF3为载体的氧化铬催化剂，以氢氟化工艺方法制备1，1，1-三氟-2，2-二氯乙烷，它可用作一种液体气雾剂或推进剂。     

由三氯戊烯酮合成吡唑类化合物的研究（Ⅱ）

由于１，１，５－三氯－１－戊烯－３－酮含两种不同活性的β－氯原子，反应应具有好的选择性。在本研究的实验条件下，饱和碳上氯原子参与成环，环外保留了有合成价值的β，β－二氯乙烯基。通过对产物１－苯基－３－（２，２－二氯乙烯基）二氢吡唑的结构及其化学反应进行较深入的研究，确证环化是按本文所提出的方式进行的。经ＩＲ、ＭＳ、元素分析等手段证实了所合成的化合物。此外，提供了一种合成α－杂环基取代乙酸的新方法。     

色谱固定相在氯乙烯单体有机杂质分析中的选用

氯乙烯单体中微量乙炔及１,２－二氯乙烷等有机杂质存在直接聚合反应和产品聚合度。在ＰＶＣ生产中,氯乙烯单体中乙炔和高沸物（以１,１－二氯乙烷计）是必不可少的分析项目。色谱分析具有分析速度快、灵敏度高、操作简便和准确可靠等优点,在氯乙烯生产分析中已日益得到广泛的应用。在色谱分析中,固定相的选用直接决定了色谱的分离和测试性能。作者近和年根据分析对象和要求对多种固定相在氯乙烯生产中色谱分析应用方面,作了较     

采用新型羟丙基甲基纤维素醚作为悬浮剂聚合氯乙烯的方法

本发明是关于羟丙基甲基纤维素型的悬浮剂和增稠剂，以及通过氯乙烯的悬浮聚合制备氯乙烯聚合物的方法，其中羟丙基甲基纤维素醚类用作悬浮剂。本发明还涉及新的羟丙基甲基纤维素醚类及其制备方法。     

氯乙烯树脂组合物的生产

正为了获得一种含有改进的甚至在高温和高湿度和耐热老化性能的非迁移的氯乙烯树脂组合物,在含有侧链的内酯聚合物的聚酯树脂的存在下将氯乙烯单体聚合。(B)氯乙烯单体或氯乙烯单体的混合物和重量分数=30%,优选=20wt%的可与氯乙烯单体共聚单体如乙酸乙烯酯,丙烯酸甲酯等在(A)一种聚酯树脂,它是含有侧链的内酯聚合物和具有=3000的重量平均分子量,优选聚β-甲基     

碳酸氢钠用作氯乙烯树脂的热解型发泡剂

摘１５１０碳酸氢钠用作氯乙烯树脂的热解型发泡剂－德山木工业公司，日本专利：ＪＰ０６００９８１３，申请日期：１９９２．６．２６．公布日期：１９９４．１．１８。ＴＯ１１４．１７３利用粒径在１０μｍ以内的碳酸氢钠细粒作为热解型发泡剂制得氯乙烯泡沫树脂。在氯...     

活性炭催化二氯乙烷裂解制氯乙烯

以活性炭为催化剂,考察了空速,反应温度,原料浓度和活性炭种类对二氯乙烷(EDC)制氯乙烯(VCM)反应性能的影响.结果表明,以煤基活性炭为催化剂时,二氯乙烷的转化率随温度升高而增加,随着空速的增加而下降,而氯乙烯的选择性对温度和空速的变化均不是很敏感.果壳型,椰壳型和煤质型活性炭对催化二氯乙烷生成氯乙烯均具有较好的活性,其中,果壳活性炭性能较优,且具有较好的稳定性.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。