包容性导向下的智能家居设计研究现状与展望

目的 探究包容性导向下,现阶段智能家居设计的研究现状与未来发展趋势。方法 以智能家居为研究对象,归纳阐述智能家居的包容性设计伦理内涵。根据包容性导向下的智能家居设计维度与场景,探究当前智能家居包容性设计的研究热点,并对未来发展趋势进行展望。结果 当前包容性导向下的智能家居设计应综合考量功能的包容实用、操作的简单通用、体验的灵活一致、方案的多样接纳四个维度,呈现出以特定功能的家居单品、协同互联的家居组合与多维通用的家居系统为主的应用场景。研究热点集中于关注生理机能的适应性设计、关注情感偏好的关怀性设计、关注认知记忆的易用性设计与关注行为活动的辅助性设计。结论 总结得出未来的研究趋势为,(1)智能设备需要统一、整合与宁静;(2)社会生活的全面智能化;(3)智能的“消逝”,生活世界的本质回归。通过对包容性导向下的智能家居设计进行分析,以期为实现数智化发展趋势下的智能家居创新性发展提供一定参考。     

工业设计伦理学思想探析

以可持续发展与环境保护为启示,分析了以工业化大生产为物质基础的现代设计,在适应工业生产要求的同时,日益表现出过度功利化的趋势;论述了引入设计伦理价值来重新构建设计艺术的审美观念,以及中国传统文化的生态观念对于中国工业设计的发展所具有的重要作用。在此基础上,提出通过设计伦理拓展设计艺术的文化属性,并调整现代设计的价值追求。     

论产品绿色设计

产品的绿色设计是通过产品的设计减少对环境的污染以实现社会和经济的可持续发展,目前国内对绿色设计的理解和运用仍然存在一定的困惑。产品绿色设计是一个系统性工程,地方官员强化绿色设计意识,企业增强绿色生产意识,设计师坚守绿色设计理念,消费者信守绿色生活信念,教育工作者坚持绿色教育,只有这样才能保证产品绿色设计得以推广和实现。     

庙圷社区厨房中的行动研究和参与式设计

目的根据2015年在中国农村完成的合作研究,对参与式设计过程进行了重要评估。除了设计和社会成果外,研究还针对参与式设计中关键的、概念的和实践的框架,就其产生影响的有效性提出了问题。方法研究涉及了两个互补的学科,即应用社会科学与设计,及其相应的研究方法,即行动研究与参与式设计。这种合作结合了社会性和物质性,并在社区厨房中进行了实践,促使村民发展了新型社会企业和集体组织。结论在复杂的社会过程中重新定位参与式设计,可以帮助将设计重新定义为"社会物质的聚合",并将其与社会情境集成,成为一个复杂的自适应系统,透过知识生成和转化过程(对话,解译,商讨)来显现。此外,这有助于将参与式设计重新定位为针对农村可持续发展的有效工具,进而增进对资源、能力作为本地知识的形式来理解。     

Design Verification through virtual prototyping techniques based on Systems Engineering

The increasing offer of software tools for product development introduces methodological questions to design engineers in terms of the easiness of tool integration and design activities’ sequencing. Nowadays, Design Verification and Validation through prototyping techniques have been enriched with software solutions enabling virtual prototyping to take more product’s behaviors into consideration during analysis and simulation. It is the case of the Systems Engineering module in CATIA? V6 that proposes a sequential “Requirements–Functional–Logical–Physical Design” (RFLP) approach to link conceptual design activities with 3D-models and simulation. Since some practitioners traditionally use these concepts, this article presents an analysis, based on action research, to evaluate the Design Verification activities as well as the tools integration offered by the new Product Lifecycle Management vision of CATIA? V6. The analysis enabled authors to refine and propose a model’s nature-dependent design method, enriched from the basic RFLP concept. Additionally, the presented results also showed the benefits of using integrated approaches when designing complex products, represented in a case study on virtual Design Verification of an automotive sub-system.     

探究品牌主导的文创产品设计方法论

目的为文创企业和设计师提供具有实战指导意义的设计方法论模型,并在品牌主导下快速、高效地进行文创产品设计开发。同时,帮助设计研究人员针对既有文化资源的内涵和价值进行研究,凝练出品牌的核心价值,并将其融入到文创产品设计之中。方法首先,通过文献研究、市场调研和专家访谈等方法,对国内外文创产业现状及问题进行了调查和研究;然后,针对品牌文创产品在文创市场中的价值和意义进行了探讨、论证;最后对品牌主导文化主题向文创产品转化的方法与流程进行了广泛、深入的研究。结果通过反复的研究和验证,最终完整、系统地建构了品牌主导的文创产品设计方法论模型,以及其使用方式和步骤。结论被品牌化的文创产品必将引领未来的文创市场,品牌驱动的文创设计也必然会成为未来的发展趋势,而基于品牌主导的文创产品设计方法论模型,则是实现这一目标的重要环节和便捷途径。     

A new methodological framework for design for additive manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) offers numerous benefits for innovative design solutions. However, engineers are currently not supported in identifying and incorporating these potentials systematically in their design solutions. In this paper, previous Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) approaches are first reviewed comprehensively and classified into distinct categories according to their main purpose and application. They are then analysed further by being related to conventional design methodologies like VDI 2221. Since previous DfAM approaches only provide selective assistance at single steps in the product development process, a new framework for DfAM is proposed. Existing methods and tools, both from DfAM and from general design methodologies, are integrated into the modular framework structure. A concept for using the framework is presented to provide design engineers with continuous support in all product development phases, thereby fostering the complete exploitation of AM potentials and the development of AM-conformal designs.     

人工智能在设计产业中的应用及发展

目的 对人工智能在设计领域的应用进行梳理与总结,分析当下人工智能对设计流程和设计师的影响,展望未来人工智能对设计行业的影响趋势。方法 使用VOSviewer工具和文献计量法对Web of Science数据库中关于“人工智能在设计领域的创新与应用”的文献进行详细的可视化和聚类分析,深入探讨文献中的核心观点和案例。结果 基于四个主要聚类(AI+技术应用、AI+设计流程、AI+创意协作、AI+影响反思)来展开讨论。特别关注生成式人工智能(AIGC)技术对设计方法和设计流程的影响,指出生成式人工智能在促进设计创新和提升设计效率方面发挥着至关重要的作用。此外,生成式人工智能对设计师的传统角色及设计原创性提出了新的挑战并重新定义需求。预测未来人工智能将进一步整合进设计流程,促进设计创新,更加关注人工智能的原创性、责任边界问题,探讨人工智能与设计师合作的新模式。结论 通过对人工智能在设计领域应用的全面综述,为未来设计创新与人工智能融合提供了有价值的理论参考和发展方向。     

递归对象模型在图形设计中的应用

目的对递归对象模型有效性进行分析。方法根据递归对象模型关注设计需求与解决问题方案之间的协同进化关系的原理,将其运用到图形设计当中,以图形设计过程中设计方向的提供、设计流程的设定、设计信息的提炼之间的有效联系为基础,对设计元素在分析结果的制约下图形视觉形态的有效整合过程进行研究。结论通过最终生成的图形设计结果与预期视觉功能的一致性,确认递归对象模型作为一种有效的分析工具,可以应用于图形设计创造性活动,生成一个表达设计理念的图形。在整个图形设计分析过程中,除了明确设计方向和分析设计主题以外,设计信息分析是最为重要的一项内容,同时也表明其作为全新图形设计工具的有效性。递归对象模型也可以应用到艺术设计领域,以其独有的分析问题的方法和流程产生针对任何设计需求的解决方案或结果,并可以预见该工具与艺术设计原理的结合将改变设计师在艺术设计工作中的思维方式,提高设计工作效率。     

基于扎根理论的用户惊喜感设计策略探究

目的 新产品如何给用户带来惊喜感的高阶体验,一直是体验设计的课题,探索该体验的生成机制有助于产品持续地唤起用户的积极印象.方法 研究基于扎根理论,采用深度访谈与网络质性资料收集,应用Nvivo12作为质性分析工具进行三级编码,分析了设计师在实践过程中有效的策略.结果 分析出RNPs和INPs两种设计模式,共生成了11个设计策略:利他主义的品位领袖、基于心理图式的记忆重现、伴随语境中的移情、向艺术家借鉴、智能化的平衡、消费幸福感、智慧加倍的体验、融合机能性和美学价值、奇妙的交互、特征替换、非常规的姿态.结论 尝试从扎根理论探究了用户惊喜感点设计策略,以期为设计师进行创意活动时提供一个基于微观分析的理论参照.     

设计语用学的范式研究

目的确定设计语用学研究范畴,建立设计语用学的研究范式,进而通过设计语用学理论发展对设计方法论提供新的理论依据。方法从设计符号传播语境视角出发,对设计方、用户和用户的社交对象之间的设计符号传播模式进行论述。结论结合整合营销传播理论和设计事理学理论,得出了设计语用学的研究范畴、研究意义、研究核心及整合产品设计营销传播与定义设计符号使用场景两种设计语用学的研究路径,完成了设计语用学的理论框架。     

社会结构转型期的设计责任与发展策略

目的随着社会经济与科技的发展,我国正处于人口、城乡、生活方式、消费等社会结构的转型期,设计应承担起使社会发展与艺术设计和谐发展的社会责任。方法采用跨学科的研究方法,结合社会学的相关知识发现,中国社会存在着逐步走向老龄化社会、城乡之间发展不平衡、智能化技术改变人们的生活方式、收入结构影响人们的消费结构等问题;采用系统研究法、定量研究法,将社会结构看作一个系统,分析当下结构中发生转型的子系统现状,对其进行分类与研究并提出应对的策略。结论在中国社会结构转型期,设计须紧跟社会环境,适时调整设计对象、设计方法、设计重心等内容,使艺术设计承担起推动社会和谐与进步的责任;根据构建主义理论,设计在约束性的基础之上,还应具有创造性;设计师应主动进行设计,从而达到设计引领消费、引领社会融合与发展的目的。     

Analysing creative behaviour in the later stage design process

Creativity is widely seen as an important subject in the study of the engineering design process. This paper presents a framework and coding scheme for the analysis of creative designer behaviour within the later stage engineering design process, validated through a longitudinal study. By classifying the tasks that designers complete throughout the design process, analysis has demonstrated two different approaches to creative behaviour in later stage design; dependent on the way in which designers identify, develop and use knowledge and design variables. Through such analysis, the understanding required to develop specific and particularly appropriate methods of designer support can be gained, dependent on the stage of the design process and particular approach of the designer.     

A practical fab design procedure for wafer fabrication plants

Facility design is crucial to the performance of wafer fabs in the semiconductor industry. This research proposes a practical Fab Design Procedure (FDP) to conduct quick calculations to develop and evaluate initial fab design alternatives. A series of practical formulae are presented to sequentially determine the following design parameters from an interbay point of view: the required number of machines; machine grouping and allocation; interbay flow matrix; bay dimension and location; interbay distance matrix; the required number of vehicles in an interbay material handling system; and the average wafer moving distance. Rules-of-thumb for wafer fab design on the basis of FDP are also suggested. A case study is used to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of FDP. Results indicate that FDP is able to quickly calculate the required number of machines and related fab design parameters. With this tool, fab designers would be able to evaluate design alternatives and conduct what-if analysis in the initial phase of fab design.     

Material and design considerations for rapid manufacturing

An investigation into how the advent of Rapid Manufacturing will influence an individual designer's approach to product design and materials selection is detailed. The assumption is made that Rapid Prototyping machines have evolved into viable manufacturing systems and all associated problems with accuracy, surface finish and repeatability have been resolved. Without the restriction of removing a product from a tool, designers will be free to design any complexity of geometry that they either desire or require. This tool-less approach to manufacturing will have profound implications on the way designers are accustomed to working and will eliminate most Design for Manufacture considerations. Design investigations are presented to highlight the potential importance and scope of Rapid Manufacturing. With advances in a new range of materials, some Rapid Manufacturing is happening today—albeit with existing Rapid Prototyping equipment. However, to enable designers to use existing Rapid Prototyping equipment for manufacturing purposes, there is a need for comprehensive information relating to the mechanical properties of the available materials. This is required to enable ‘Design for Rapid Manufacture’. The most comprehensive analysis to date of three new materials aimed for end-use part manufacture at differing ages, humidities and temperatures is presented.     

可持续发展理念下的包装设计——“归安德化”黑茶包装设计发想

自然环境与社会资源的复杂性,是摆在每个负有责任感的设计师面前的新问题。世界环境与发展委员会（WECD）提出的可持续发展理论模式,从保护环境和发展统一起来的高度提出处理人与大自然的关系。可持续发展理念下的包装设计既要降低商品包装成本,又要降低包装废弃物对环境的污染程度。“归安德化”黑茶包装正是践行可持续发展理念在包装设计整体过程的优化和组织的设计作品。     

设计研究与设计知识

目的讨论设计研究的必要性,厘清其术语内涵、研究领域、发展脉络和研究类型,思考其构建路径。方法通过概念辨析,厘清设计研究的术语内涵:一是为特定设计项目进行信息拓展的实践研究;二是发展一般化、结构化设计知识体系的学术研究。进而将设计学术研究分为一般设计研究和特定领域设计研究。基于设计知识和知识生命周期,提出“以人为中心的设计知识生命周期”,强化实践、用户与研究之间的知识循环。从类型学角度概述设计研究的类型,重在阐述研究方法的选择。通过“设计信息框架研究”的案例,研究与思考“如何构建设计研究”这一问题。结论设计研究中的学术研究,旨在研究发展设计知识的机制,并维持其知识生命周期,从而为设计实践提供可使用的知识平台。设计研究者需要更清晰自己知识创造的使命,并进行更深入、更有价值的设计学术研究。     

A method to assess the driver mental workload: The driving activity load index (DALI)

Intelligent transport system (ITS) can induce improvement in road safety, as long as acceptability by user?s population and adequacy with driving task demands have been checked. The Human-Centred Design process allows taking into account the diversified driver?s population needs and functional abilities in addition to the complexity of the driving context, for setting up design recommendations and for the development of methodologies for safety assessment. Evaluation of the driver?s mental workload is an important parameter, complementary to objective ones such as control of the vehicle and driver?s visual strategies. This paper describes experiments conducted in the framework of the European project AIDE aiming at validating the DALI (Driving Activity Load Index), a tool set up to allow the evaluation of driver?s mental workload while driving, with or without the support of in-vehicle systems. The main results and conclusion from the conducted analysis are presented.