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国内外航空发动机主轴轴承保持架材料的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用金相、透射电镜及光谱分析的方法,对国内外航空发动机2主轴承轴承保持架材料进行了研究。结果表明,国外保持架材料的质量优于我国。在高温、高速和重负荷条件下应选择钢制保持架。 相似文献
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碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料在航空发动机上的应用需求及挑战 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着航空发动机推重比的不断提高,急需发展轻质、高强韧、耐高温、长寿命、抗烧蚀、抗氧化的碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料(SiC matrix ceramic composites,CMC-SiC),以满足航空发动机愈加苛刻的服役要求。本文简要介绍了CMC-SiC复合材料的特点和制备方法,综述了CMC-SiC复合材料在国外先进航空发动机热端部件上的应用进展及国内的研究现状。从工程化角度,指出了国内在高性能纤维、构件设计及制备、环境障涂层、无损检测技术、考核验证方法、修复技术等方面存在的差距及需突破的关键技术,指出了今后国内的研究目标与发展方向。 相似文献
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三维机织复合材料(3DWCs)因其高比强度、低密度、低热膨胀系数和良好的成型性等优点受到越来越多的青睐,已经成功运用到飞机和汽车工程等领域。随着航空发动机研发力度的加大,3DWCs也在飞机发动机零部件上有所应用。综述了航空发动机复合材料叶片用三维机织预制体(3DWPs)的研究进展及现状;对比了异形高厚度3DWPs的几种织造方法;基于试验测试和仿真模拟,介绍了国内外3DWPs变形性能的研究进展;分析了3DWPs结构对其复合材料性能的影响;最后,展望了3DWPs的发展方向,为航空发动机复合材料叶片的发展提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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利用数值模拟分析的方法研究了铺层角度、厚度、顺序以及对称性对碳纤维复合材料传动轴抗扭性能的影响规律。研究发现结构抗扭截面系数在单向铺层方向为接近0°、45°及接近90°时较高,且随着铺层厚度增加而增大;扭转刚度则在40°~70°较好。在接近0°和接近90°铺层间铺设45°铺层能提高零件抗扭性能;与反对称铺层方案相比对称铺层方案更有利于零件承受扭矩。将优化铺层方案应用在某型号风机传动轴的设计中,试验证明能够满足使用要求并达到节约原材料的目的。 相似文献
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J. Stegmann E. Lund 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2005,62(14):2009-2027
A novel method for doing material optimization of general composite laminate shell structures is presented and its capabilities are illustrated with three examples. The method is labelled Discrete Material Optimization (DMO) but uses gradient information combined with mathematical programming to solve a discrete optimization problem. The method can be used to solve the orientation problem of orthotropic materials and the material selection problem as well as problems involving both. The method relies on ideas from multiphase topology optimization to achieve a parametrization which is very general and reduces the risk of obtaining a local optimum solution for the tested configurations. The applicability of the DMO method is demonstrated for fibre angle optimization of a cantilever beam and combined fibre angle and material selection optimization of a four‐point beam bending problem and a doubly curved laminated shell. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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研究几何非线性复合材料薄壁轴在偏心激励作用下的非线性振动特性。在轴的应变位移关系中引入Von Kármán几何非线性,基于Hamilton原理和变分渐进法(VAM)导出复合材料传动轴的拉-弯-扭耦合非线性振动偏微分方程组。为了着重研究轴的横向弯曲非线性振动特性,在上述模型中忽略轴向变形和扭转变形,得到轴的横向弯曲非线性振动偏微分方程,其中考虑了黏滞外阻和内阻的影响。采用Galerkin法,将偏微分方程转离散化为常微分方程,在此基础上利用四阶Runge-Kutta法对常微分方程组进行数值模拟,获得位移时间响应图、相平面图和功率谱图,研究了外阻、内组、偏心距和转速对非线性振动响应的影响,发现旋转复合材料薄壁轴存在混沌运动。 相似文献
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Surya N. Patnaik James D. Guptill Laszlo Berke 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》1995,38(18):3087-3120
The merits and limitations of the Optimality Criteria (OC) method for the minimum weight design of structures subjected to multiple load conditions under stress, displacement and frequency constraints were investigated by examining several numerical examples. The examples were solved utilizing the OC design code that was developed for this purpose at the NASA Lewis Research Center. This OC code incorporates OC methods available in the literature with generalizations for stress constraints, fully utilized design concepts, and hybrid methods that combine both techniques. It includes multiple choices for Lagrange multiplier and design variable update methods, design strategies for several constraint types, variable linking, displacement and integrated force method analysers, and analytical and numerical sensitivities. On the basis of the examples solved, the optimality criteria for general application were found to be satisfactory for problems with few active constraints or with small numbers of design variables. However, the OC method without stress constraints converged to optimum even for large structural systems. For problems with large numbers of behaviour constraints and design variables, the method appears to follow a subset of active constraints that can result in a heavier design. The computational efficiency of OC methods appears to be similar to some mathematical programming techniques. 相似文献
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Composite blade manufacturing for hydrokinetic turbine application is quite complex and requires extensive optimization studies in terms of material selection, number of layers, stacking sequence, ply thickness and orientation. To avoid a repetitive trial-and-error method process, hydrokinetic turbine blade structural optimization using particle swarm optimization was proposed to perform detailed composite lay-up optimization. Layer numbers, ply thickness and ply orientations were optimized using standard particle swarm optimization to minimize the weight of the composite blade while satisfying failure evaluation. To address the discrete combinatorial optimization problem of blade stacking sequence, a novel permutation discrete particle swarm optimization model was also developed to maximize the out-of-plane load-carrying capability of the composite blade. A composite blade design with significant material saving and satisfactory performance was presented. The proposed methodology offers an alternative and efficient design solution to composite structural optimization which involves complex loading and multiple discrete and combinatorial design parameters. 相似文献
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Abstract This paper combines previously developed techniques for image‐preprocessing and characteristic image‐interpreting together with a newly proposed automated shape‐optimization modeling technique into an integrated topology‐optimization and shape‐optimization system. As a result, structure designers are provided with an efficient and reliable automated structural optimization system (ASOS). The automated shape‐optimization modeling technique, the key technique in ASOS, uses hole‐expanding strategy, interference analysis, and hole shape‐adjusting strategy to automatically define the design variables and side constraints needed for shape optimization. This technique not only eliminates the need to manually define design variables and side constraints for shape optimization, but during the process of shape optimization also prevents interference between the interior holes and the exterior boundary. The ASOS is tested in three different structural configuration design examples. 相似文献
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Steven Lamberson 《工程优选》2013,45(10):937-953
This research investigates the optimization of a multifunctional structure with embedded electronic circuitry, following traditional composite laminate optimization methods. A heavily ‘de-featured’ finite element model provides thermal and mechanical analyses of the structure. The model places point heat sources at the surface component locations, and the optimization problem enforces strain constraints at these locations. A simple problem seeks the least-mass I-beam whose shear web contains a simple circuit, subject to strength and strain constraints. A second problem finds the lowest mass unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) wing box configuration containing embedded circuitry subject to strength, deflection and strain constraints under two load cases. Sequential unconstrained minimization techniques and sequential quadratic programming perform the optimization; combinatorial methods are computationally impractical. Despite the model de-featuring and the use of calculus-based methods, the problem requires significant computational effort. The surface-component strain constraints result in structures with more mass than those without surface components. 相似文献