满足更苛刻汽油规格的炼油技术

分析了炼油厂为满足汽油新规格要求所面临的挑战 ,可采取的对策及法国石油研究院可提供的炼油技术。简要介绍了这些技术的特点、各种方案对比和可以达到的效果。     

美国将扩增炼油能力

为满足石油产品增长的需求，美国一些炼制商已计划扩增炼油能力或建设新炼油厂。     

炼油,石化新型塔内件的应用进展

炼油、石化新型塔内件的应用进展钱伯章（上海高桥石化公司炼油厂２０１２０８）提高分离效率、增大处理能力和降低塔器压降，仍然是当今塔内件不断演化和改进的推动力。最近，在炼油、石化新型塔内件深入发展和推广应用过程中，以ＭＤ塔盘、Ｎｙｅ塔盘和Ｍｅｌｌａｐａｋ...     

美国将扩增炼油能力

为满足石油产品增长的需求，美国一些炼制商已计划扩增炼油能力或建设新炼油厂。 自从1976年在路易斯安纳州Garyville由马拉松公司投产1000×10^4t／，a炼油厂以来，美国再未建设过新的大型炼油厂，仅1993年在阿拉斯加Garyville建设1座简单型190×10^4t／a炼油厂。[第一段]     

Overview on Routes for Development of China''''s Petroleum Refining Technology

China has formed a complete and packaged system of domestic petroleum refining industry. Till 2020 the demand for petroleum products in China will record a sharp growth. However, China is currently confronted with a shortage of oil resources, unsatisfactory quality of petroleum products, a widening gap between demand and supply of steam cracking feedstocks, and a stern situation in environmental protection. In this context the petroleum refiners of China, while taking into account the actual conditions, should seek for the way of deep processing to produce transportation fuels and chemical feedstocks that can hardly be replaced by other energy forms, continue to bring into full play FCC process as core process for making finished oil products, speed up the development of hydrocracking to achieve integration between refining and chemical production, adopt measures that can combine feedstock pre-treatment, novel FCC technologies and after-treatment of products to improve the quality of finished products, as well as realize the recycling of wastewater and control over air pollution caused by SOx to accelerate the development of petroleum processing industry in China.     

Review on the Trend for Development of World＇s Petroleum Refining Industry

This article introduces the situation related with the increasingly deteriorating crude quality, the demand for cleaner transportation fuels and clean production processes that the world＇s petroleum refining industry is faced with. This article also suggests that the trend for future development of global refining industry is focused on the economy of scale for the refineries and the oil processing units, the refining structure readjustment, integration of the oil refining and chemical production and formation of oil refining bases. The oil refining industry will uninterruptedly rectify its industry allocation and processing unit configuration and strive for the reduction of production cost through technical progress and management innovations to reduce the production cost, boost the profitability and sharpen the market competitive edge.     

蒸馏技术在石油炼制工业中的发展与展望

以蒸馏过程强化与节能为背景,在对塔盘、填料、分布器等塔内件技术发展分析的基础上,总结了我国蒸馏过程的大型化技术在石油炼制工业中的应用与发展,提出了采用新型碳化硅泡沫材料在塔盘及填料上的应用可大幅度提升精馏效率的思路。通过将低温余热发电技术与蒸馏过程进行耦合,实现了对于蒸馏过程低品位热能的有效利用,结合热耦合精馏、热泵精馏、多效精馏技术等节能措施,蒸馏过程能量的使用与回收变得更加科学与全面。新型材料传质元件和低温余热发电技术的开发与应用使绿色蒸馏概念在石油炼制行业的发展更迅速、有效。     

生产清洁油品,实现能源和环境的和谐

随着汽车发动机技术的改进和环境保护要求的提高,世界汽车燃料质量有了很大的改善.文章介绍了国内外清洁燃料的发展历程,主要表现在汽油的辛烷值逐步提高,汽油的组分逐步优化,汽油中硫、烯烃、芳烃等有害物质逐步降低;柴油中的十六烷值也逐步提高,柴油中硫、芳烃含量逐步降低.近十多年来,国内汽、柴油的质量标准也逐步向国际先进标准靠拢,汽、柴油质量升级换代也有了较大发展.针对中国石油目前在车用燃料生产中的特点和存在的主要问题,提出了生产清洁燃料的对策.     

基于IRML的油气加工系统多层次故障传播模型研究

大多数油气加工生产事故是由于系统中相互关联的设备或子系统发生连锁失效而导致,设备或子系统的相互作用关系使故障传播行为呈现复杂性且强非线性的特征,故此,采用基于系统弹性分析建模语言(IRML)的多层次故障传播模型对石油加工复杂系统故障行为特征进行定性、定量分析。该模型分为静态分析模块和动态分析模块,前者静态分析故障传播结构特征,后者通过故障情景模拟动态分析故障演化机理。通过案例分析,建立了常减压蒸馏系统的多层次故障传播模型,分析该系统故障传播行为的静态特征和动态特征。结果表明,多层次故障传播模型适用于油气加工系统复杂且强非线性的故障行为建模,建模参数可表示复杂系统的结构特征和故障传播行为模式,可进一步用于油气加工系统中故障传播趋势预测、故障溯源和柔性诊断等方面的研究。     

石油蜡类产品标准现状及发展趋势

中国石蜡资源丰富,是石蜡产品生产和出口的大国。通过数十年的发展,已建立了较为全面的石油蜡产品标准体系。介绍了中国石油蜡类产品的标准体系建设情况,详细阐述了液体石蜡、石蜡、微晶蜡、凡士林、特种蜡及白油等产品标准的发展历程和标准的关键技术指标内容。中国的石油蜡类产品标准建设较为完善,已形成了6大类石油蜡类产品的标准体系,可基本满足当前产业发展需要。今后将按照石蜡产业的发展需求加强特种石油蜡类产品的标准化建设工作,为石蜡产业更快更好发展夯实基础。     

Study on Laboratory Method for Refining of SR Diesel Fuel

The method for refining the straight-run diesel fuel was studied in laboratory scale in order to make the acid number of diesel fraction comply with the standard while removing the naphthenic acids contained in diesel without causing environmental pollution. After comparing the effect of refining using three solvents, the isopropyl alcohol-HOA was specified as the best solvent. Meanwhile, the relationship between the acid number of diesel fraction and the amount of solvent used and the relationship between the concentration of solvent and temperature and the stability of diesel in terms of its acid number were also investigated. Experimental results had shown that when the mass fraction of the HOA-IPA solvent was 20% at a dosage of 17 mL of the solvent and a temperature of 30℃, the acid number of the refined diesel fraction was 0.015 mg KOH/g with a good stability of acidity in the diesel fraction,     

乙烯、丙烯产品及方法标准的研究进展

概述了乙烯、丙烯的生产规模、生产工艺的发展情况和工业用乙烯、丙烯的标准技术现状以及存在的主要问题;介绍了2014年新发布的乙烯、丙烯国家和行业标准的研究进展,包括3项产品标准、4项采样和实验方法标准的研究背景及主要技术内容,特别介绍了新版和旧版标准的重要变化以及新版标准在煤化工工艺和炼厂丙烯等方面所做出的技术调整;探讨了乙烯、丙烯标准未来的研究重点,并提出了加强杂质控制和提升分析技术水平的建议。     

Analysis of Environment for Development of Oil Refining Business in China

This articles focuses on analysis of the changing trend relating to crude supply and petroleum products demand inside China, while introducing the preliminary progress resulted from restructuring of China＇s refining industry and dynamics of competition among Chinese refining enterprises. This article has made a preliminary judgment and analysis on the situation facing China＇s refining industry and may serve as a reference to refiners intending to develop refining business inside China.