Establishing time-dependent model of deformation modulus caused by bedrock excavation rebound by inverse analysis method

Rock rebound relaxation deformation, or even rock burst, caused by the excavation of dam base and abutment or high rock slope affects their stability and results in the fall of mechanical properties of the rock. So an inverse analysis method was proposed in this paper to establish the time-dependent model of deformation modulus caused by excavation rebound. The basic principle is based on the combination of observed data of the excavation rebound deformation of dam abutment or rock slope, and the calculated rebound deformation by FEM under ground stress at the corresponding time in the excavation process. The norm of the residuals of observed data and calculated data are taken as the objective function. Accordingly, the time-dependent model of bedrock deformation modulus can be established. The method displays its significance in the design of excavation, construction and operation management of dam base and high slope.

     

Establishing time-dependent model of deformation modulus caused by bedrock excavation rebound by inverse analysis method

Rock rebound relaxation deformation, or even rock burst, caused by the excavation of dam base and abutment or high rock slope affects their stability and results in the fall of mechanical properties of the rock. So an inverse analysis method was proposed in this paper to establish the time-dependent model of deformation modulus caused by excavation rebound. The basic principle is based on the combination of observed data of the excavation rebound deformation of dam abutment or rock slope, and the calculated rebound deformation by FEM under ground stress at the corresponding time in the excavation process. The norm of the residuals of observed data and calculated data are taken as the objective function. Accordingly, the time-dependent model of bedrock deformation modulus can be established. The method displays its significance in the design of excavation, construction and operation management of dam base and high slope.     

花山拱坝右坝肩溶洞对坝体及坝肩的影响分析

为评价花山拱坝右坝肩溶洞对坝体及坝肩的影响,采用三维有限元方法,对不同工况不同方案下坝体和坝肩岩体应力变形进行计算分析,并利用超载法分析了不同方案下的坝肩稳定状况.结果表明:溶洞的存在对坝体的应力变形及坝肩的整体稳定性影响较小,对坝肩岩体应力变形的影响也仅限于溶洞附近区域;溶洞回填处理后,其附近的变形得到有效控制.综合来看,溶洞的存在对整个工程影响较小,经过回填处理后,整个工程的安全性是有保障的.     

自生体积变形对高拱坝温度应力的影响研究

自生体积变形是评价混凝土抗裂性能的一个重要参数.在温度场仿真的基础上对小湾高拱坝混凝土自生体积变形进行温度应力敏感性分析,对自生体积变形进行假定时,考虑混凝土为收缩型和膨胀型.计算结果表明,早期膨胀、早期收缩型混凝土只对坝体早期温度应力影响较大,对坝中心温度应力最大值影响不大;膨胀期越长,坝中心温度应力最大值越小,最终残余温度应力越小,对坝体混凝土的抗裂性有利.     

考虑施工过程影响的拱坝体形优化分析方法及应用

基于序列二次规划(SQP)优化算法,以坝体有限元等效应力为应力约束条件,以坝体方量为目标函数,并考虑拱坝柱状浇筑、封拱灌浆等施工过程,进行拱坝体形优化计算.计算过程采用有限元全过程参数化分析方法,自动实现了拱坝的三维建模、荷载施加、施工过程模拟、有限元等效应力计算以及拱坝体形优化迭代等分析过程.以淋溪河拱坝为例进行了拱坝体形优化计算,计算结果表明,考虑施工过程的优化结果与不考虑施工过程的优化结果相比更加安全,也更具有实际意义,优化后的坝体厚度更薄,坝体方量减少近20%,拉、压应力已达到约束边界,优化后体形基本上达到了可能的最优体形.     

Establishing time-dependent model of deformation modulus caused by bedrock excavation rebound by inverse analysis method

Rock rebound relaxation deformation,or even rock burst,caused by the excavation of dam base and abutment or high rock slope affects their stability and results in the fall of mechanical properties of the rock.So an inverse analysis method was proposed in this paper to establish the time-dependent model of deformation modulus caused by excavation rebound.The basic principle is based on the combination of observed data of the excavation rebound deformation of dam abutment or rock slope,and the calculated rebo...     

小湾拱坝施工过程温度场仿真分析

在ANSYS平台上进行二次开发,建立了一套快速、高效、自动化程度较高的仿真反馈分析系统用于模拟拱坝施工过程温度场.在小湾拱坝施工过程温度场仿真计算中,各测点温度计算值随时间变化的规律与监测值基本一致,吻合情况较好,总体上相差2～3℃以内,计算结果揭示了坝体内部的温度变化规律.研究成果表明:1)1077m高程以下坝体采用的二期冷却方案A使得坝体中出现较大的温度梯度,产生较大的径向拉应力;2)1096m高程以上采用的二期冷却方案B能很好地改善方案A中的不足,较好地控制温度应力,防止拱坝开裂.     

木浪河拱坝加高培厚三维有限元分析

木浪河拱坝加高工程为拱坝加高培厚成折线型重力坝,坝体加高幅度大、结构受力复杂.采用有限元分析软件ADINA的非线性接触功能模拟新老坝体的接触关系,对新老坝体结构在各种工况下的应力变形状况进行仿真分析,计算结果表明：在正常蓄水位工况下,加高培厚后的坝体能够较好地整体工作,新老坝体接触面没有脱开,但有较大范围的粘结滑移;新...     

Game model of safety monitoring for arch dam deformation

Arch dam deformation is comprehensively affected by water pressure, temperature, dam’s structural behavior and material properties as well as other factors. Among them the water pressure and temperature are external factors (source factors) that cause dam deformation, and dam’s structural behavior and material properties are the internal factors of deformation (resistance factors). The dam deformation is the result of the mutual game playing between source factors and resistance factors. Therefore, resistance factors of structure and materials that reflect resistance character of arch dam structure are introduced into the traditional model, where structure factor is embodied by the flexibility coefficient of dam body and the maximum dam height, and material property is embodied by the elastic modulus of dam. On the basis of analyzing the correlation between dam deformation and resistance factors, the game model of safety monitoring for arch dam deformation is put forward.     

Game model of safety monitoring for arch dam deformation

Arch dam deformation is comprehensively affected by water pressure, temperature, dam’s structural behavior and material properties as well as other factors. Among them the water pressure and temperature are external factors (source factors) that cause dam deformation, and dam’s structural behavior and material properties are the internal factors of deformation (resistance factors). The dam deformation is the result of the mutual game playing between source factors and resistance factors. Therefore, resistance factors of structure and materials that reflect resistance character of arch dam structure are introduced into the traditional model, where structure factor is embodied by the flexibility coefficient of dam body and the maximum dam height, and material property is embodied by the elastic modulus of dam. On the basis of analyzing the correlation between dam deformation and resistance factors, the game model of safety monitoring for arch dam deformation is put forward.

     

盾构隧道在不同施工工况中地表变形的模拟研究

为研究盾构隧道在不同施工工况中地表及自身的变形规律,本文建立了盾构隧道的有限元模型,对盾构隧道在不同施工工况下的开挖进行了模拟计算,即采用不同掘进顶推力施工时的地表沉降、隧道不同埋深情况下施工时地表沉降、开挖完成后地表作用大面积荷载情况下的地表沉降,以及隧道修建完成后地下水位变化后对盾构隧道变形等不同工况的模拟计算．结果表明：盾构的顶推力会导致其前方一定范围的地表土发生向上的隆起,并且顶推力越大,隆起变形和范围均较大．在相同顶推力作用下,埋深较大的隧道地表点的隆起变形和范围较小．地下水位上升会导致地表浅层土体发生回弹变形,并且下方有盾构隧道的地表的回弹值要比下方没有盾构隧道的地表的回弹值小;当地下水位从盾构隧道拱底逐渐升高到中心处和拱顶时,盾构隧道结构会出现竖向和侧向变形,并且水位越高,变形量也越大．     

基于双参数地基的隧道预支护拱棚壳体力学模型

隧道预支护技术作为重要施工辅助方法,除有效加固围岩外,还具有良好的承载、抑制变形作用。为了更好地模拟隧道预支护拱棚真实受力,基于注浆管棚、水平旋喷拱棚所呈现出的壳体特性,首先,建立正交曲线坐标系,通过位移函数求解控制方程,然后,引入Pasternak地基模型,建立了Pasternak双参数地基的拱棚壳体力学模型,最后,推导出拱棚挠度、内力、地基反力的解析解表达式。将所提模型进行案例计算和数值验证,再对预支护拱棚的变形、横纵向受力以及地基接触反力进行分析,探讨了拱棚设计参数对旋喷拱棚变形的影响。与既有文献的分析方法对比,所提模型考虑了岩土体的连续性和注浆加固区整体性影响,相比传统方法理论上更贴近拱棚预支护真实受力状态;解析法和数值法得出的整体挠度曲线均呈“勺形”分布,结果吻合程度较好。力学分析表明：纵向上,拱棚能很好地调整压力分布,一定程度上使内部围岩处于免压状态;以开挖面为界,拱棚纵向弯矩、剪力的影响范围约5倍开挖进尺;横向上,拱脚处剪应力起主导作用,拱顶处主要由正应力主导且容易发生材料破坏;不同参数对拱棚结构变形影响程度不同,总体表现出：初始挠度>开挖进尺>桩径>埋深>开挖高度。     

某面板堆石坝应力及变形的有限元分析

基于邓肯-张E-B模型,建立了某面板堆石坝的有限元计算模型,获得了施工期、正常蓄水期和水位骤降期的坝体、面板应力及变形的分布和变化规律.结果表明:该混凝土面板堆石坝的坝体应力及变形性状正常,变形值在可接受范围内;坝体发生剪切破坏的可能性较小;趾板下覆的坝基较小范围内,存在应力集中和小主应力方向受拉的现象;库水位的大幅度变化对面板的挠度影响明显;坝基中断层只是对坝基的应力分布形态有影响,对坝体的应力变形影响微弱.     

土石坝有限元分析中土体卸载时计算方法分析

对糯扎渡心墙堆石坝进行了三维有限元计算,对比分析两种常用于邓肯E-B模型的加卸载准则以及回弹模量取值对土石坝应力变形的影响。结果表明:大坝施工过程中,基于加载函数的加卸载准则(简称准则1)判断的卸载回弹区域一直较大;准则1下数值计算所得的坝体位移较小,仅为采用基于应力水平s与偏应力(σ_1-σ_3)的加卸载准则(简称准则2)时计算位移的一半左右,加卸载准则的选取对坝体应力影响较小;监测数据表明糯扎渡大坝采用准则2时计算位移更为准确,在准则2下回弹模量取值对大坝应力变形的影响主要表现为满蓄期坝体水流向位移随回弹模量的增大而减小。     

山东某调蓄水库围坝应力与变形分析

采用有限元方法对山东省某调蓄水库工程围坝进行了有限元分析,论证了聚乙烯薄膜垂直防渗槽的位置对坝体应力与稳定的影响.通过分析计算表明,目前设计的防渗沟槽的位置及其回填质量不至于对坝体的安全和运行状况造成很不利的影响,由于坝体的施工和运行一般不会对聚乙烯薄膜造成破坏     

高拱坝可利用岩体标准的确定

为确定高拱坝可利用岩体及其标准,以拉西瓦水电站双曲薄拱坝为例,考虑到建基岩体的自身稳定和上部结构的安全,从岩石强度和岩体承载条件、建基岩体的变形模量条件、岩体风化及坝顶以上高边坡条件、岸坡应力环境条件等4个方面,分析了高拱坝可利用岩体及标准.     

大型坝体基础结构新施工方案的综合研究

鉴于坝基结构施工传统沉井方案在大型坝体应用中的局限性,设计采用地下连续墙处理坝基深厚覆盖层、兼具挡土与坝体基础双重作用的新施工方案.分别从结构受力、施工技术以及工程造价的角度对此方案进行了综合研究:依据水工规范,在进行坝体整体结构核算的基础上,采用三维有限元方法,分析坝体整体结构及地下连续墙复合挡土墙体系在最不利工况下的受力变形与稳定特性;并作出方案的技术经济评价.结果表明,结构的受力状况满足规范要求且安全储备较大,地下连续墙技术能够胜任大型坝基施工,新方案与原沉井方案造价约相差5.5%.综合分析验证了新方案的可行性,并针对结构特点提出一些施工建议,为同类大型工程设计施工提供参考.     

小湾拱坝诱导缝模拟计算

对小湾拱坝设置底部诱导缝进行了合理模拟,并应用三维有限元方法对设缝前后拱坝的工作性态进行了计算分析.结果表明:设置诱导缝,可改善坝踵附近的应力分布,从而起到保护坝体的作用,且对拱坝的整体稳定安全度影响很小.     

拱坝CADC可视化系统的研究

介绍了拱坝可视化CADC(Computer Aided Design and Construction)系统的开发与应用.系统基于Auto-CAD 2000的平台,采用面向对象的语言VB(Visual Basic)与VBA(Visual Basic for Application)进行二次开发,并利用VB的DAO(Data Access Object)技术,以数据库为核心管理设计数据.系统基于拱冠梁法来计算拱坝应力,进行了拱坝的体形设计、施工放样和施工模拟,实现了设计过程的可视化.系统的开发增强了拱坝工程设计的直观性,具有一定的工程实用价值.     

桑郎碾压混凝土拱坝应力场仿真计算及分缝设置

在应力场隐式解法的基础上,结合桑郎拱坝工程,进行了大坝施工期和运行期的温度场和应力场仿真分析,在分析中温度场计算考虑了混凝土水化热温升、气温变化、浇筑间歇、边界条件的改变等因素,应力场计算考虑了坝体自重、水压力、温度荷载、徐变及混凝土弹性模量随龄期的变化等因素.根据应力场的仿真计算结果,在拱坝高拉应力区模拟设置横缝.仿真计算的结果表明,桑郎拱坝横缝释放应力的作用显著,横缝的设置合理.