透明香皂的研制

介绍了生产透明香皂的新配方和新工艺 ,提出了透明香皂的企业标准。新工艺用丙二醇取代传统工艺所用的乙醇做溶剂 ,生产周期大为缩短。采用速冻隧道设备 ,可方便地实现不同品种的切换 ,操作方便 ,设备投资少 ,产品综合成本低 ,具有较大的工业应用价值     

The new toilet soaps

Toilet soap bars have undergone few major technical changes in the last century. Noteworthy improvements were floating soap, the development of effective deodorant and antibacterial soaps, the so-called “hard water” bars, and advances in packaging technology. The trends in these areas toward product and process improvement will accelerate in the 1970’s. New raw materials are becoming available which will give greater formulation flexibility, with emphasis towards greater mildness and effectiveness. Among these products are the synthetic fatty acids which could partially replace coconut acids, more effective broad spectrum antibacterial agents for better control of skin microorganisms, and mild detergent additives with good physical properties and less defatting tendency. In processing, the move is toward continuous soap-making equipment in place of the old kettle processes which are still widely used. More powerful and specialized plodders are available; these will facilitate the development of new product types. Presented at the AOCS-AACC 1968 Joint Meeting, Washington, D.C., April 1968.     

浅谈建筑涂料技术的现状与发展（I）

综述了建筑涂料生产新技术的现状和发展,着重介绍了核-壳乳液聚合、无皂乳液聚合等新型乳液合成方法,详述了自分层涂料技术和纳米技术在建筑涂料中的应用,讨论了其中存在的问题、解决对策及发展新趋势。     

A new broad spectrum antibacterial soap I. General properties

The first soap germicide system to show activity against gram-negative organisms is described. Addition of a new germicidal agent, 2-hydroxy-2′,4,4′-trichlorodiphenyl ether, combination of hexachlorophene and triclocarban which has been used in a soap known to be effective against gram-positive organisms, has broadened its antibacterial spectrum without impairing its mildness, safety and other desirable bar soap characteristics. Properties of the new system, including in vitro and in vivo tests of its antibacterial activity, efficacy and safety, are discussed. Presented at the AOCS Meeting in New Orleans, La. April, 1970.     

Checking alkali delivery of a proportioner in vegetable oil refining

Summary A method has been developed for the determination of soda ash and sodium hydroxide in vegetable oil-alkali mixtures as a check on proportioning equipment feeding oil and alkali. The method depends upon the potentiometric titration in one step of free alkali and soap, using a pH meter and the glass electrode-calomel electrode assembly. The analysis is sufficiently rapid to serve as a convenient control in a continuous refining process.     

一次烷基化分离法生产高纯度均三甲苯新工艺

研究开发一次烷基化分离法生产高纯度均三甲苯新工艺 ,并对其进行了技术经济分析评价。生产表明 ,该工艺技术含量高、设备投资少、流程简单、容易操作、产品收率高及质量稳定 ,是理想的生产工艺。     

Thermal analysis and calorimetry of some fatty acid sodium soaps

Transition temperatures and enthalpies and some phase diagrams of pure odd and even sodium soaps have been determined by means of dif-ferential thermal analysis and scanning calorim-etry. Branched sodium soaps have been added for comparison. No essential difference has been found between the number, type, and enthalpy of the transitions of the neighboring odd and even soaps. The total enthalpy and entropy of transition are consider-ably lower than those of the corresponding par-affins and fatty acids. The entropy of the subneat-neat and perhaps of the neat isotropic transition has an alternating character, which suggests a different methyl end-group packing for even and odd soap. These two facts suggest that the melted soap is still in an organized state. Presented at the AOCS Meeting, New Orleans, May 1967.     

多功能脱硫塔在氨法烟气脱硫中的应用

氨法烟气脱硫技术具有脱硫效率高、无二次污染、副产品资源化程度高等优势,而存在的氨损耗和亚铵氧化等问题却长期制约其推广应用。针对这一问题开发的多功能脱硫塔,从设备和工艺两方面综合考虑,基本解决了这一问题,以此为核心的脱硫系统在260 t/h循环流化床锅炉烟气脱硫工程运行三年多表明,该系统脱硫效率达95%～99%,尾气中SO₂含量在50～190 mg/m³;副产硫铵满足国家标准。     

Trends in industrial markets for fats and oils and derivatives

During the past decade, research by industry and government has developed numerous new chemical markets for fats and oils derivatives. Lower prices for competitive raw materials have forced some of these new products into specialty markets. Economic factors, such as the continual growth of the chemical industry, population increases, and high consumer demand, have allowed for steady growth in the fat-derivative market. New fat-type plasticizers are currently consuming about 60 million pounds of fats annually. Synthetic lubricants will probably be consuming 20 million pounds of fatty diesters annually by 1965. Animal feeds consume approximately 600 million pounds of fats and fat derivatives annually and may eventually become the leading domestic nonfood market for fats. The protective coating market as an outlet for fats continues to decline, and the continuing shift to nonfat materials and changes in pain formulas indicate that, while the demand for protective coatings may increase, the use of fats in their manufacture may not share in the increase. Nonfat chemical raw materials provide intense price competition for fatty raw materials. Fat prices are influenced by the demand for use in food, soap, paints, and possibly animal feeds rather than by the demand for use as chemical raw materials. Presented before the American Oil Chemists' Society, New York, October, 17, 1960.     

Antimicrobial Face Shield: Next Generation of Facial Protective Equipment against SARS-CoV-2 and Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Transparent materials used for facial protection equipment provide protection against microbial infections caused by viruses and bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains. However, transparent materials used for this type of application are made of materials that do not possess antimicrobial activity. They just avoid direct contact between the person and the biological agent. Therefore, healthy people can become infected through contact of the contaminated material surfaces and this equipment constitute an increasing source of infectious biological waste. Furthermore, infected people can transmit microbial infections easily because the protective equipment do not inactivate the microbial load generated while breathing, sneezing or coughing. In this regard, the goal of this work consisted of fabricating a transparent face shield with intrinsic antimicrobial activity that could provide extra-protection against infectious agents and reduce the generation of infectious waste. Thus, a single-use transparent antimicrobial face shield composed of polyethylene terephthalate and an antimicrobial coating of benzalkonium chloride has been developed for the next generation of facial protective equipment. The antimicrobial coating was analyzed by atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy with elemental analysis. This is the first facial transparent protective material capable of inactivating enveloped viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in less than one minute of contact, and the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Bacterial infections contribute to severe pneumonia associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection, and their resistance to antibiotics is increasing. Our extra protective broad-spectrum antimicrobial composite material could also be applied for the fabrication of other facial protective tools such as such as goggles, helmets, plastic masks and space separation screens used for counters or vehicles. This low-cost technology would be very useful to combat the current pandemic and protect health care workers from multidrug-resistant infections in developed and underdeveloped countries.     

The handling and storage of raw materials for soaps and detergents

Conclusion No laboratories are deeper in research than those of the soap and synthetic detergent manufacturers. W. L. Sims, president of Colgate-Palmolive Company, was quoted recently in the New York press as follows: “probably 70% of the volume in our business today comes from products that didn’t exist 10 years ago. The same thing will be true 10 years from now.” This statement bears out the ever-changing dynamics of the industry. Much of the equipment and many of the materials covered in this presentation did not exist a few years ago, and as research and engineering create new and improved products and new and improved automated equipment, our means of handling these and other raw materials, even though they represent the best available today, will be replaced by even more efficient methods and equipment.     

“互联网+”连续流动反应器返混测定实验装置的建设和应用

“互联网+工程试验”是工科实践教学发展的新趋势。基于万维网远程监控和可编程序控制器(PLC)现场监控的方法,对连续流动反应器中的返混测定实验远程监控装置进行设计和建设,能够实现实验的智能化远程控制。此实验装置具有操作简单、安全和精度高的优点,已用于化学工程与工艺专业两届学生的实验教学,既解决了实验装置台套数不足和占地空间大的问题,又保证每位学生能独立进行实验操作,取得了良好的实验教学效果。     

新型热熔胶粘剂研究进展

介绍了近年来开发的几种新型热熔胶粘剂的结构、性能及其特点 ,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

高压水射流粉碎原盐

高压水射流粉碎技术是近年发展起来的一项新型粉碎技术。文中介绍了水射流粉碎机理和新研制的后混合靶式水射流粉碎装置 ,并通过原盐粉碎实验证明 ,水射流粉碎具有效率高、工艺简单、产品粒度可调等特点 ,是一项具有良好发展前景的粉碎技术。     

研发工程橡胶加工新技术与新设备的分析与探讨

阐述了在橡胶止水带系列制品和橡胶支座制品加工中的新技术与新设备，并与传统的技术和设备进行比较、分析和讨论，最终认为研发有关工程橡胶加工新技术与新设备是可行的。同时，对研制止水带连续硫化联动生产线和研制橡胶支座注射成型技术与全套设备进行了技术风险评估。     

浅析防刺织物研究开发现状

目前安保人员面临的威胁主要来自小型火器和锐器,当前防弹装备技术已很成熟,且种类丰富,但防刺装备还很落后,亟需开发一种新型防刺织物在满足防刺要求的同时,兼顾轻质、穿戴舒适以及美观等功能。阐述了织物防刺机制及须具备的特性,并介绍了几种防刺织物研究开发应用的高性能纤维及开发途径。     

新世纪的化工机械技术展望

就进入21世纪之后化工机械技术所面临的新的挑战，全面介绍与化工机械工业相关的高新技术进展，提出面向先进制造技术、面向新材料技术、面向再制造工程和面向高技术工艺过程4个战略方针，以适应新世纪科学技术发展的潮流，为化工机械技术的未来展示广阔的前景与机遇。     

Semi-micro analysis of soap. I. Semi-micro determination of the usual constituents

Summary A procedure for the complete semi-micro analysis of soap has been developed. Semi-micro methods are valuable in research work and in legal cases where limited quantities of sample are available. In general, the analytical results obtained on a semi-micro basis and on a macro basis are comparable. Very little special apparatus is required for the semi-micro analysis of a soap, and most of the procedures employed present analogies with the usual methods of soap analysis. By mistake Part II in this series of three articles was published in the September 1948 issue of the Journal, ahead of Part I.     

再论新型超短窑的应用及在我国的发展

新型超短窑对原燃料的适应性更强，既可以烧劣质烟煤，也可以烧劣质无烟煤；同时还可以实现两档支承，使回转窑的结构简化、机重减轻；可使检修维护和土建费用降低，运转率提高等，特别是降低基本建设投资的作用更为显著。建议大力开发并发展处在预分解技术领先地位的新型超短窑，以便尽快赶上世界先进水平。