新型阻垢剂──稳定钡锶离子的MA－AA－VA共聚物

本文介绍了以顺丁烯二酸酐（ＭＡ）、丙烯酸（ＡＡ）、醋酸乙烯酯（ＶＡ）为单体合成的新型阻垢剂ＭＡ－ＡＡ－ＶＡ共聚物，是一种对ＢａＳＯ４垢的优良阻垢剂，并确定了合成共聚物的最佳反应时间，反应温度和单体配比。     

新型阻垢剂—稳定钡锶离子的MA—AA—VA共聚物

本文介绍了以顺丁烯二酸酐（ＭＡ）、丙烯酸（ＡＡ）、醋酸乙烯酯（ＶＡ）为单体合成的新型阻垢剂ＭＡ－ＡＡ－ＶＡ共聚物，是一种对ＢａＳＯ４垢的优良阻垢剂，并确定了合成共聚物的最佳反应时间，反应温度和单体配比。     

乙酸乙烯酯嵌段共聚物的合成研究

以ＡＩＢＮ为引发剂，用ＣＣｌ４调节乙酸乙烯酯聚合制备了带三氯甲基端基的ＰＶＡｃ大分子引发剂（ＰＶＡｃ－ＣＣｌ３）。以ＣｕＣｌ－ｂｐｙ为催化剂，用ＰＶＡｃ－ＣＣｌ３引发Ｓｔ，ＭＭＡ和ＢＭＡ等单体的ＡＴＲＰ聚合，得到了一系列相对分子质量可控、相对分子质量分布较窄的ＰＶＡｃ嵌段共聚物。     

AA-MAn-AMPS共聚物的合成及其阻垢分散性能

首次以水为溶剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,将丙烯酸（ＡＡ） 、马来酸酐（ＭＡｎ）、２ 丙烯酰氨基 ２ 甲基丙烷磺酸（ＡＭＰＳ） 按一定单体物质的量比进行共聚, 合成了系列ＡＡ－ ＭＡｎ－ ＡＭＰＳ共聚物。探讨了它们对Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２ 的阻垢率与共聚物用量、共聚物单体物质的量比的关系,研究了共聚物在稳定锌、分散氧化铁方面的性能。结果表明：共聚物Ｂ［ ｎ （ＡＡ）∶ｎ（ＭＡｎ）∶ｎ（ＡＭＰＳ） ＝ ７０∶２０∶１０］ 对Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２ 具有优良的阻垢分散性能, 当ｗ（Ｃａ２＋） ＝１５０ ×１０－６, ｗ（ＰＯ４３－ ）＝ ６×１０－ ６,ｐＨ＝９－０,θ＝５０ ℃,ｔ ＝ １０ ｈ,共聚物的质量分数＝１０×１０－６ 时,对Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２ 的阻垢率达９９－４５％ ;共聚物Ｇ［ ｎ（ＡＡ）∶ｎ（ＭＡｎ）∶ｎ（ＡＭＰＳ） ＝７０∶１５∶１５］则具有良好的稳定锌能力,当ｗ（Ｚｎ２＋）＝１０×１０－６ ,ｐＨ＝８－８～９－０,θ＝ ５０ ℃,ｔ ＝ ２４ ｈ,共聚物的质量分数＝ １０ ×１０－６ 时,对Ｚｎ（ＯＨ）２ 的阻垢率达７４－４２％ 。Ｂ、Ｇ均具有较好的分散氧化铁性能。ＡＡ－ ＭＡｎ － ＡＭＰＳ共聚物可用作工业循环冷却水的阻垢分散剂。     

胶乳型互穿聚合物网络研究（II）：环氧树脂／聚丙烯酸酯Semi—LIPN的聚合反应

采用氧化还原引发体系及复合乳液聚合方法，研究了环氧树脂／聚（苯乙烯－丙烯酸丁酯－甲基丙烯酸甲酯）［ＥＰ／Ｐ（Ｓｔ－ＢＡ－ＭＭＡ）］半胶乳型互聚合物网络（Ｓｅｍｉ－ＬＩＰＮ）的聚合反应规律。考察了反应温度、引发剂用量、乳化剂用量、交联剂种类及用量，特别是ＥＰ含量对单体转化率及反应速率的影响。环氧树脂因含有微量双酚Ａ，在聚合反应中同时起到了阻聚剂和缓聚剂的作用。从而使得该聚合反应较不含合成树脂（或橡胶     

聚合物载体—稀土金属络合物的研究：Ⅻ.聚（苯乙烯—甲基丙烯酸…

从测得的竞聚率了单体链节在聚（苯乙烯－甲基丙烯酸β（甲基亚硫酰基）乙酯）中的序列分布。苯乙烯（Ｓ）或甲基丙烯酸β（甲基亚硫酰基）乙酯（Ｍ）的长序列的概率随着ＰＳＭ中相应单体含量的增加而增加，对于Ｓ和Ｍ摩尔分数大致相等的ＰＳＭ，单体链节的长序列分布函数值相接近，用与此结构相近的ＰＳＭ合成的稀土金属络合物，其催化活性不佳，在Ｍ短序列分布和Ｓ长序列分布较高的情况下，络合物的催化活性最好，所得聚丁二烯的微     

自交联型SBS接枝共聚物的合成与粘接性能研究*

研究了在混合溶剂中了二烯－苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（ＳＢＳ）与丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）、甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）及交联单体Ｎ－羟甲基丙烯酸胺（Ｎ－ＭＡＡ）进行四元接枝共聚的反应条件及其产物的粘接性能。讨论了引发剂浓度、交联单体用量、单体配比、反应时间及反应温度对接枝共聚物的影响。实验确定的最佳反应条件为：引发剂ＢＰＯ用量为ＳＢＳ用量的１．８％—２．２％；交联单体Ｎ－ＭＡＡ用量为ＳＢＳ用量的１６％—１．８％；ＢＡ／（ＢＡ＋ＭＭＡ）用量比为３５％；反应时间为３５—４．５ｈ；反应温度为８０—８５℃。用红外光谱对接枝共聚物进行了分析鉴定。性能测试显示出该四元接枝共聚物对聚氯乙烯、ＳＢＳ等难粘材料有较高的剥离强度。     

聚合物载体－稀土金属络合物的研究 ⅩⅢ．聚［苯乙烯－甲基丙烯酸β（甲基亚硫酰基）乙酯］的结构与其稀土金属络合物催化丁二烯聚合的活性

从测得的竞聚率计算了单体链节在聚［苯乙烯－甲基丙烯酸β（甲基亚硫酰基）乙酯］（ＰＳＭ）中的序列分布。苯乙烯（Ｓ）或甲基丙烯酸β（甲基亚硫酰基）乙酯（Ｍ）的长序列的概率随着ＰＳＭ中相应单体含量的增加而增加。对于Ｓ和Ｍ摩尔分数大致相等的ＰＳＭ，单体链节的长序列分布函数值相接近。用与此结构相近的ＰＳＭ合成的稀土金属络合物，其催化活性不佳。在Ｍ短序列分布和Ｓ长序列分布较高的情况下，络合物的催化活性最好。所得聚丁二烯的微观结构与ＰＳＭ中单体单元的分布无关。     

聚合物载体－稀土金属络合物的研究 Ⅻ．聚［苯乙烯－甲基丙烯酸β（甲基亚硫酰基）乙酯］载体－三氯化钕络合物－三异丁基铝体系催化丁二烯聚合的活性

研究了聚［苯乙烯－甲基丙烯酸β（甲基亚硫酰基）乙酯］（ＰＳＭ）载体－三氯化钕（ＮａＣ１３）络合物－Ａｌ（ｉ－Ｂｕ）３体系催化丁二烯聚合的活性与ＰＳＭ转化率和ＰＳＭ·ＮｄＣｌ３络合物组成的关系。实验结果表明，ＰＳＭ转化率为１８．１％～５３．４％，对ＰＳＭ·ＮｄＣｌ３－Ａｌ（ｉ－Ｂｕ）３体系的活性基本上无影响。低功能团含量的ＰＳＭ·ＮｄＣｌ３络合物的活性优于高功能团含量的ＰＳＭ·ＮｄＣｌ３。该络合物中Ｎｄ含量为４．５×１０（－４）ｍｏｌ／ｇ左右时，体系的催化活性最佳。体系的活性随引入的Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸的种类和用量的不同而改变。     

MA-AMPS-AMPP共聚物的合成及其阻垢效果

以水为溶剂,过氧化物为引发剂,马来酸酐（ＭＡ）、２－丙烯酰胺－２－甲基丙基磺酸（ＡＭＰＳ）、２－丙烯酰胺－２－甲基丙基膦酸（ＡＭＰＰ）为单体合成了三元共聚物。探讨了该共聚物的阻垢效果及以聚合率与单体配比、引发剂用量和组成、反应温度、时间等之间的关系,并考察了水质条件变化对共聚物阻垢性能的影响。结果表明,该共聚物具有很好的阻ＣａＣＯ３垢和Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２垢能力。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。