共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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催化裂化装置产生的C4馏分中含有微量丁二烯,在后续加工过程中为有害杂质,需要除去,采用选择性加氢脱除二烯烃是一种有效的方法。研究了一种非负载型非贵金属镍基催化剂的制备方法,采用XRD、TEM、FT-IR和TG-DTG-DTA等考察催化剂制备条件对晶相结构及形貌特征的影响,并在高压固定床反应装置上考察催化剂对C4馏分中丁二烯选择性加氢脱除的催化反应性能。结果表明,采用碱镍物质的量比为1.05和温度120 ℃条件下合成的镍催化剂前驱体,在90 ℃制备的催化剂性能最优。在氢压1.0 MPa、反应温度60 ℃、氢油体积比20和液时空速2.0 h-1条件下,制备的镍基选择性加氢催化剂能将C4馏分中低含量丁二烯烃完全脱除,具有良好的二烯烃选择性加氢活性。 相似文献
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研制一种新型耐硫、抗胶质镍系加氢催化剂,在固定床液相加氢装置评价催化剂性能,考察催化剂制备方法、载体和助剂种类对裂解C9馏分加氢性能的影响。结果表明,浸渍法制备的催化剂活性较高,添加稀土分子筛及助剂后的催化剂低温活性更好。在反应器入口温度(60~80) ℃、空速1.5 h-1、反应压力3.0 MPa和氢油体积比500∶1条件下,对催化剂进行240 h稳定性实验,裂解C9馏分的双烯值由5.3 g-I2·(100g)-1降至约0.60 g-I2·(100g)-1,溴值由57.2 g-Br2·(100g)--1降至约25.5 g-Br2·(100g)-1,稳定性良好。 相似文献
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利用Pt/Y催化剂,在固定床反应器中,温度380℃、压力3 MPa、氢油体积比1000及质量空速1.0 h-1条件下,分别采用加氢处理的全馏分和轻馏分催柴为原料制备苯、甲苯和二甲苯(BTX),获得(C6+C7+C8)芳烃的总选择性分别为9.4%和33.9%。对原料和液体产物进行的气相色谱和质谱分析表明,BTX主要经过重芳烃的加氢饱和、裂解等反应生成,中间物质为烷基苯、四氢萘、茚满及茚类等单环芳烃。通过对反应原料以及对反应前后催化剂的N2吸脱附、NH3-TPD、XRD衍射图谱、TG等物化性质的表征,分析催化剂失活的主要原因。即全馏分催柴原料中高含量的S、N化合物快速吸附造成了催化剂中毒,而轻馏分原料中S、N化合物在催化剂表面的缓慢积累覆盖活性位,造成催化剂逐渐失活。 相似文献
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在实际生产过程中,MTBE装置加工后的剩余C4中含有大量非活性C4烯烃,该部分烯烃随着液化气作为产品进行销售,对于液化气中的C4造成浪费。提出将MTBE装置剩余C4引入汽油加氢醚化装置异构化反应器进行异构化反应,将剩余C4中的非活性烯烃转化为活性烯烃,再将异构化产物送至MTBE装置原料缓冲罐中作为MTBE装置原料进行反应。通过调研后得出,异构化反应器催化剂对剩余C4中的非活性烯烃转化率可达30%,异构化反应产物与进料对比,异丁烯含量上升约3%,可有效提高MTBE装置产品产量。 相似文献
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利用微型固定床反应装置对工业Fe-Mo预加氢脱硫催化剂进行加氢脱硫(HDS)评价,研究焦炉煤气中不同常量含碳原料组分(CH4、C2H4、C2H6、CO、CO2)对催化剂加氢活性、选择性以及积炭的影响,并采用红外碳硫分析仪、N2吸附-脱附、Raman以及TPRS-MS对催化剂进行表征。结果表明:在N2气氛下,COS、CS2和C4H4S加氢转化由易到难顺序为:COS>CS2>C4H4S,但COS加氢转化受含碳气氛影响最明显,致使焦炉煤气加氢脱硫中COS难以完全脱除;不同气氛对硫化物加氢选择性都会产生影响,其中C2H4气氛对选择性影响最明显,而对H2S收率影响最明显的是CO2和CO;不同含碳... 相似文献
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介绍B型裂解汽油二段加氢催化剂在TL公司C9/C10馏分二段加氢装置的应用情况,论证了该催化剂在裂解汽油重馏分加氢领域保持的技术优势。同时,利用SEM、XRD、XRF等表征手段,结合工业应用实际,针对对比催化剂快速失活的原因进行了研究。研究发现,造成对比剂快速失活且再生无效的原因是,原料中的消泡剂含有的聚二甲基硅氧烷在高温下分解产生的硅与氧化铝载体反应生成二氧化硅,堵塞了对比剂的内部孔道,大大降低了比表面积,致使对比剂失去了吸附烯烃和硫的能力。而B型催化剂对硅杂质的高抗性得益于Ti O2-Al2O3复合载体的特殊载体结构和化学性质。 相似文献
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我国C4资源非常丰富,其利用主要集中在烯烃。本文介绍了国内C4烃的来源、产量以及主要的利用途径。为了满足严苛的环保要求,国内大部分甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)装置即将停产,采用叠合-加氢工艺生产异辛烷是取代MTBE的新技术路线。本文从叠合-加氢工艺的反应原理入手,针对国内外几种典型的已工业化应用的叠合-加氢工艺,从工艺技术特点、催化剂类型、产品的关键指标进行了综合分析;对叠合-加氢催化剂的研究进展进行了深入研究;对叠合-加氢工艺的发展前景进行了评述;针对叠合-加氢工艺目前存在的不足提出了今后研究方向。通过研究表明,叠合-加氢工艺是当下应对C4烃资源过剩、提高汽油质量、提高国内C4烃综合利用的重要途径。 相似文献
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介绍了中国石化催化剂北京燕山分公司的裂解重C+9馏分一段加氢工况,采用了低压、低空速、高氢油比和高循环比的加氢工艺。依据工业装置原料性质、反应温度和反应器进、出口压力变化情况,统计分析了使用YN-1型镍系催化剂没有经过再生进行一段加氢产品的溴价和双烯含量变化,工业应用结果表明,YN-1型镍系催化剂具有优异的加氢活性和长周期运行的稳定性。 相似文献
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An unusual CO hydrogenation catalyst was formed by prolonged contact between 316 stainless steel and a supported tine oxide at temperatures of 623 to 723 K. Neither the stainless steel nor the supported ZnO alone were active for CO hydrogenation. The activation occurred only after migration of Zn from the support to the steel surface. The resulting catalyst converted syngas to C1-C4, hydrocarbons at pressures between 3400 and 6200 kN/m2 and temperatures between 623-723 K. The catalyst may be suitable for use in tube-wall-type reactors. 相似文献
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A series of fixed-bed nickel hydrogenation catalysts was tested in the dearomatization of hydrocarbon solvents. The mechanism of catalyst deactivation by aromatic sulfur compounds was studied in high-pressure micro-flow equipment by variation of the experimental conditions and the sulfur content of the feed. It is concluded that catalyst deactivation proceeds under mild but realistic conditions through formation of a surface sulfide which blocks the active surface. The rate of the disappearance of the active sites is a first-order process with rate constant 1.0 × 10−3 (ppm S)−1 h−1. Under more severe conditions, more sulfide layers are formed, but bulk Ni3S2 was not observed even after full deactivation of the catalysts. The poisoning of the active sites in the latter case is no longer a first-order process. Consequently, under the circumstances investigated, the sulfur resistance of nickel catalysts is determined by the nickel surface area per unit weight of catalyst. 相似文献
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Direct syntheses of hydrocarbons from CO2 hydrogenation were investigated over hybrid catalysts consisting of methanol synthesis catalyst (CuZnOZrO2) and zeolites (MFI and SAPO). The yield of hydrocarbons was strongly depending upon the amount of zeolite's acid sites as measured by NH3 TPD, while the product distributions were hardly affected by the change of acidity. The main product was ethane in the case of MFI hybrid catalyst and C3 or C4 hydrocarbon in the case of SAPO hybrid catalyst. This difference in product distribution was attributed to different mechanism of hydrocarbon formation. Investigation based on the ethene co-reaction suggested that the consecutive mechanism operated for HZSM-5 and the carbon pool mechanism for SAPO. 相似文献
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CO2加氢直接制取低碳烯烃是实现其资源化利用的重要途径。通过热分解法制备了5种不同K含量(1%、3%、5%、7%、9%)的Fe-K催化剂用于CO2加氢反应,结果表明Fe95-K5(95% Fe-5% K,质量分数)催化剂具有最优的活性及C2~C4烯烃选择性;随后对Fe95-K5催化剂进行了10% H2/Ar、10% CO/Ar及5% CO/5% H2/Ar 3种不同气氛活化处理以及CO2加氢反应。结果发现,10% CO/Ar活化的催化剂具有最高的C2~C4烯烃选择性(38.1%)及链增长能力(α=0.644)。此外,还通过X射线衍射、Raman、程序升温等表征技术揭示了催化剂在不同活化气氛下的结构演变历程。研究发现,10% CO/Ar与5% CO/5% H2/Ar活化的催化剂会生成γ1型碳化铁结构,而10% H2/Ar活化的催化剂则会在反应过程中生成γ2型碳化铁结构,两种碳化铁结构对CO2解离均有促进作用。 相似文献
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The decomposition of different hydrocarbons (CH4, C2H6, C2H4, C2H2, C3H8, and C3H6) over Ni (5 wt.%)/SiO2 catalysts was carried out. The initial rates of decomposition of the hydrocarbons, the kinetic curves of the decomposition and the kinetic curves of the hydrogenation of deposited carbon into methane depended on the types of hydrocarbons. In addition, the catalytic life of the Ni/SiO2 catalyst was also dependent on the types of hydrocarbons, i.e. the life was longer according to the order, alkanes>alkenesacetylene.
The carbons deposited on the catalyst were characterized by SEM and Raman spectroscopy. The appearances of the deposited carbons were different among alkanes, alkenes, and acetylene, i.e. a zigzag fiber structure from methane, and a rolled fiber structure from alkenes and acetylene. From Raman spectra of the deposited carbons, it was found that the degree of graphitization of deposited carbon was higher in the order, alkanes>alkenes>acetylene. These results suggest that the mechanism of decomposition of hydrocarbons and the growth mechanism of carbon fibers on the catalyst were different among alkanes, alkenes and acetylene. 相似文献