移动载荷作用下斜拉桥结构的动态响应计算分析

运用斜拉桥的近似分析方法,将漂浮体系的斜拉桥结构简化成两端简支且中间离散弹性支撑梁、变地基系数梁和均匀地基系数地基梁三种模型。建立了移动载荷作用下斜拉桥结构的动力学方程,用四阶龙格库塔法对动力学方程进行了计算,对三种模型的固有频率和三种模型在相同移动载荷作用下的动态响应进行了比较,并对移动载荷移动速度、垂直振动的刚度和阻尼对桥梁动态响应的影响进行分析。结果表明,当拉索等效弹性系数较小时,三种模型的固有频率和挠度曲线差别较小,当拉索等效弹性系数较大时,三种模型的固有频率和挠度曲线差别明显;桥梁动态响应的频谱由桥梁的固有频率和移动载荷的自振频率组成;移动载荷垂直振动的刚度越大,阻尼越小,桥梁振动的响应越大。     

某型电视机壳体结构动力学分析及改进

利用有限元软件ANSYS,建立长虹SF21366型电视机结构的参数化模型;对该结构的谐响应计算分析发现：电视机壳体结构的频率大多数落在道路能量最集中的080Hz频段,运输中易产生共振损坏。实现对该型电视机壳体结构的局部改进;并对比分析改进前后壳体动态特性参数,证实改进后的壳体结构动态特性优良。为该型电视机降噪设计和控制振动破坏提供理论依据。     

舰用变压器冲击响应计算

变压器是舰船电力系统的重要组成部分,其可靠性对于舰艇的生命力和战斗力有着非常重要的影响。利用ANSYS软件建立了某舰用变压器的有限元模型。通过对有限元模型进行结构振动模态分析,分析变压器的固有振型特性,验证模型的合理性。研究舰用变压器的冲击载荷,对变压器模型进行瞬态响应分析计算,得到变压器应力最大时刻和应力最大位置,并进行抗冲击载荷分析,有利于舰用变压器抗冲击性能的进一步研究。     

计算粘弹结构动力学参数的新模态应变能方法

粘弹结构在噪声与振动控制领域已得到广泛应用,然而准确地计算粘弹结构的动力学参数一直存在困难,模态应变能法及其修正方法常用作近似计算。在分析模态应变能方法和已有修正方法的原理及其相互关系的基础上,提出一种基于损耗因子幅值的新模态应变能方法,用于计算粘弹结构的损耗因子与固有频率。新方法的修正因子随粘弹结构对应模态阶次损耗因子幅值变化。取可等价为粘弹性夹层梁/板的四参数原型系统和新型高阻尼航天载荷隔振器为算例,通过与已有方法的对比分析了新方法的准确性。     

混合子结构模态综合法建立轿车动力学模型

采用包含软子结构的间接对接的混合界面子结构模态综合法，建立了整车系统非线性动力学模型。用所建模型对汽车振动特性进行数值仿真，并通过试验对仿真结果进行验证。     

柔性结构的载荷识别

作为动力学逆问题的载荷识别一直是科技与工程领域关注的课题。选择柔性悬臂梁为对象,开展载荷识别与主动控制问题的研究,给出一种基于变结构控制算法的载荷识别方法和控制律的设计方法。研究结果显示,所给方法能够有效地辨识出结构所受到的外部载荷,变结构控制律能够有效地抑制梁的弹性振动。     

降低结构动响应的阻尼器位置及参数优化CSCD

针对振动系统中阻尼器位置及参数优化问题,采用分步优化的策略,在考虑阻尼器自身重量的影响下,通过对结构动态性能分析,建立基于模态损耗因子的阻尼器位置优化模型。结合该优化模型,并以结构关键部位处的位移响应幅值平方最小为准则,得到相应安装位置上的阻尼器参数。以桁架结构与挂架为例,进行数值仿真验证,结果表明该方法可有效用于工程结构的振动控制。     

适用瞬态响应计算的火箭结构动力学模型修正方法

大型火箭结构十分复杂,其连接型式多,存在多分支结构。分析火箭结构中存在弱刚度的内-外翻边连接、螺栓点连接等典型连接型式,基于元素型法,以这些部位刚度为修正参数,开展动力学模型修正方法研究。结果表明,采用的方法能保证修正后模型的物理意义和真实性,能够适用于瞬态外激励作用下的结构响应计算,特别是内力响应计算。修正后模型的各阶模态结果和试验吻合较好,且与实际试验中瞬态响应的实测结果相比,计算具有较高精度,能够满足工程需求。     

鱼洗：手―盆―水系统的试验与动力学特征分析

针对鱼洗的喷水现象,进行了较详细的动力学理论分析和实验研究。首先,对鱼洗进行了充水和无水下双耳悬挂实验模态分析,完整地得到了鱼洗的前十一阶模态频率,振型和阻尼比;其次,进行了鱼洗的手搓喷水实验,通过工况模态分析理论和算法实现,得到了喷水状态的模态参数。与实验模态分析结果的对比,得到了鱼洗喷水态的动力学特征与模态参数一致的结论;第三,进行了激振器共振实验,用激振器对盆-水系统进行固定频率的稳态激励,得到了各阶模态频率下的共振喷水现象,说明鱼洗在共振激励下可以喷水,且喷水态动力学参数也与模态参数相一致。     

有轨巷道式堆垛机的动力学模型研究

针对堆垛机运行时振动大、噪声大，严重影响其运行速度和认址精度的问题，提出利用动力学来研究堆垛机的动态性能。采用有限元法进行分析，借助MATLAB软件进行运算，实现了对堆垛机的动力学建模和分析，从理论上得出了堆垛机的动态特性，为减振减噪提供了依据。     

敷设覆盖层圆板水下爆炸响应理论计算方法研究

为研究敷设覆盖层圆板水下爆炸响应,提出一种理论计算方法。敷设覆盖层对圆板水下爆炸响应影响包括两方面:一为对冲击载荷的影响,二为在冲击载荷作用下对响应的影响。该理论计算方法运用波在多层介质传播理论得到湿表面压力,并积分得到冲量,运用等效均一化理论得到覆盖层与钢板整体结构的等效参数,根据圆板振动理论得到圆板真空振动方程,通过考虑水附加质量的影响修正圆板振动频率,最后根据初始条件得到圆板的响应。将理论方法的结果与有限元结果通过实例进行对比,证明该理论计算方法可以很好地预测圆板振动的位移响应。     

平板试件孔边塑性区的研究

小孔缺陷对受力平板试件的承栽能力有着重要的影响。本文采用应力函数法和叠加原理，推导出了单向拉伸平板试件孔边应力场；利用该应力场公式、主应力公式和Mises屈服方程推导出了孔边塑性区方程，利用Mathematica软件求解出孔边塑性区尺寸-r和θ，并绘出了无限大单向拉伸平板试件的孔边塑性区。采用退火态SUS304—2B不锈钢和热轧态LC52铝舍金两种材料的带孔平板试件进行单向拉伸实验，通过实验结果与上述孔边应力集中理论的分析比较发现，由于塑性钝化使得单向拉伸带孔平板试件的实际承载能力与理论计算存在一定差别。     

Prediction of Impact-Induced Fibre Damage in Circular Composite Plates

A simple analytical impact damage model for preliminary design analysis is developed on the basis of experimental findings observed from quasi-static lateral load and low velocity impact tests. The analytical model uses a non-linear approximation method (Rayleigh–Ritz) and the large deflection plate theory to predict the number of failed plies and damage area in a quasi-isotropic composite circular plate (axisymmetric problem) due to a point load at its centre. It is assumed that the deformation due to a static transverse load is similar to that occurred in a low velocity impact. It is found that the model, despite its simplicity, is in good agreement with finite element (FE) predictions and experimental data for the deflection of the composite plate and gives a good estimate of the number of failed plies due to fibre breakage. The predicted damage zone could be used with a fracture model developed by the second investigator to estimate the compression after impact strength of such laminates. This approach could save significant running time when compared to FE numerical solutions. Corresponding author.     

Buckling Load Prediction in Ortho-Grid Plates for Aerospace Structures

Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention - Iso-grid structures provide high strength with reduced weights, which is an essential requirement for aerospace applications. Buckling of Ortho-grid...     

Impact Response Characterization in Composite Plates—Experimental Validation

This paper presents an experimental study for the normalized low-velocity impact response of composite plates. It is demonstrated that a characterization diagram that shows the relationship of three non-dimensional parameters with the normalized maximum impact force can be used to fully characterize the response. With the governing non-dimensional parameters obtained experimentally, it is shown that impact tests having the same non-dimensional parameters, have dynamic similarity and the same non-dimensional response. Furthermore, the experiments can be placed in appropriate dynamic regions in which simplified dynamic models can be used to predict the response.     

Measurement of Local Surface Friction with Flat Total-Pressure Tubes with a Rectangular Input

Six flat total-pressure tubes with a slot receiving aperture are calibrated for use when measuring surface friction. The readings of the tubes as a function of the relative width of the receiving cross section are established.     

Simulating the Response of Composite Plates to Fire

The present paper introduces a numerical study on the fire behavior of composites during exposure to a heating source at high incident power. A novel numerical model is proposed which is able to simulate the behavior of composite materials in fire environment providing the composites mass loss rate and heat release rate during heating source application. Two commercial software have been selected as platforms for the implementation of the proposed numerical model COMSOL and ANSYS. In COMSOL the model has been implemented by introducing proper field equations, while a macro, written in Ansys Parametric Design Language, has been used to allow the ANSYS FEM code to numerically simulate, by an incremental procedure, all the relevant physical phenomena related to fire. As an application, an experiment on thermal degradation over a laminated composite plate has been numerically simulated and the numerical model has been validated by comparing the COMSOL and Ansys numerical results to experimental literature data in terms of temperature profile over the panel thickness, Mass Loss Rate and Heat Release Rate. An excellent agreement has been found between the obtained numerical results and the experimental test data for both the adopted numerical platforms. However the ANSYS implementation, which showed to be the most effective in terms of accuracy of results and perspectives of applications to complex numerical models, led to the definition of a powerful tool able to assesses the fire performance of composite structures.     

Numerical Modelling of Damage Response of Layered Composite Plates

The paper addresses the problem of impact on layered fibre composites. The behaviour of composite laminates under impact loading is dependent not only on the velocity but also on the mass and geometry of the impactor. Using micromechanical Mori-Tanaka approach, mechanical properties of the laminate have been calculated utilizing the material constants of the fibre and matrix. General purpose FEM software ABAQUS has been modified by means of user written subroutines for modelling of composite laminate and rigid impactor. The kinematics of the impact has been simulated using transient dynamic analysis. Employing user defined multi point constraints, delamination zones have been modeled and visualised     

冲击荷载下弹粘塑性矩形薄板的动力响应

本文用空间有限元、时间差分法分析了受冲击荷载的矩形固支板的动力响应。分析中考虑了大位移引起的几何非线性;塑性、应变强化及应变率效应引起的材料非线性的影响。