退火工艺对超高强冷轧马氏体钢板力学性能的影响

以C-Mn-Si系冷轧马氏体钢为研究对象,分析了退火工艺对超高强马氏体钢强度和冷弯性能的影响。由于碳含量高,试验用钢淬透性良好,当水淬入口温度在710℃及以上时,都能获得极高的抗拉强度和稳定的马氏体组织。随过时效温度升高,马氏体钢抗拉强度降低、延伸率升高;而屈服强度和冷弯性能则先升后降,在180℃过时效时具有最高的屈服强度和最优的冷弯性能。经扫描电镜和显微硬度分析发现,过时效温度的变化会直接影响马氏体钢中的碳化物析出及粗化,当过时效温度大于200℃时,试验用钢碳化物开始粗化,降低了马氏体钢的宏观冷弯性能。     

淬火工艺对塑料模具用钢40Cr组织及性能的影响

研究了不同淬火温度、不同淬火介质对塑料模具用钢40Cr组织及力学性能的影响.结果 表明:40Cr钢经水淬后得到组织均为马氏体.随淬火温度的升高,粗针状的马氏体束增多,可降低钢的强度、硬度及韧性;油淬后得到组织均为马氏体+贝氏体+少量铁素体,随着淬火温度的提高,原始奥氏体晶粒长大,马氏体组织含量增多,但获得较粗大的马氏体...     

轧后冷却对DP590热轧双相钢组织及性能的影响

针对DP590热轧双相钢,通过实验室热轧试验,研究了卷取温度、快冷温度对热轧双相钢显微组织和力学性能的影响,对比分析了显微组织中马氏体的数量及形貌。结果显示,快冷温度提高,马氏体含量显著增加,同时抗拉强度升高,延伸率下降;试验钢在550℃、600℃卷取时,随着卷取温度的升高,热轧双相钢中马氏体含量下降,抗拉强度下降明显,伸长率提高。在600℃时得到的铁素体和马氏体比例合适,热轧双相钢抗拉强度600 MPa,屈强比0.5左右,伸长率22%以上,综合性能满足要求。     

超高强韧油井管合金设计与高强韧机制

 为了揭示1 000 MPa级低碳加铌钒钛微合金钢的高强韧机制,研究了S1(w(C)=0.09%)与S2(w(C)=0.17%)两种合金成分的油井管钢成分-工艺-组织-性能关系。试验表明,两种成分试验钢经水淬后的组织分别为板条贝氏体加少量马氏体和马氏体加少量贝氏体的复相组织。两种成分钢经过450~600 ℃、30 min的中温回火后,组织中均出现碳化物析出,且S1试验钢回火后的屈服强度基本不变,抗拉强度下降了约70 MPa,S2试验钢回火后的屈服强度与抗拉强度迅速升高170 MPa左右。溶度积公式的计算结果表明,两种钢的水淬组织中铌、钛元素析出彻底且析出物的体积分数都很小,因此回火铁素体基体中的VC析出强化对S1试验钢回火后屈服强度保持不变以及S2试验钢回火后屈服、抗拉强度提高起到重要作用。     

超高强度冷轧双相钢组织与性能

在Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机上进行冷轧超高强度双相钢的连续退火工艺研究,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和拉伸试验研究了连续退火过程中各个参数对1000MPa级冷轧双相钢组织性能的影响.结果表明:试验用钢在退火温度800℃下保温80s,可以得到抗拉强度为1030MPa、延伸率为14%超高强双相钢;随着退火温度的升高,屈服强度和抗拉强度降低.当退火温度为830℃时,显微组织中粒状的非马氏体组织明显增多.过时效温度低于300℃时,屈服强度和抗拉强度变化不大;当过时效温度超过300℃时,抗拉强度急剧下降,屈服强度先降低后升高,在过时效温度为360℃时开始出现屈服平台.     

淬火介质对30CrMo钢组织性能的影响

文章针对气瓶用无缝管标准中30Cr Mo钢种,实验室进行了水淬和油淬两种不同热处理工艺研究,对比分析两种热处理工艺分别对钢中组织及性能的影响,实验结果表明:试验钢采用水淬工艺热处理后,材料的组织及力学性能均满足标准要求;当采用油淬工艺,淬火组织为贝氏体+少量马氏体组织,高温回火后材料的力学性能不能满足标准要求。     

热处理对60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢组织和力学性能的影响

试验了890～930℃淬火、400～440℃回火时淬-回火温度对160mm×160mm连铸坯轧成的Φ21mm 60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,910℃淬火.回火后的60Si2CrVAT钢抗拉强度高于890℃和930℃淬火-回火钢的抗拉强度,不同淬火温度下钢的抗拉强度随回火温度升高而降低。分析了拉伸断口的组织形貌。     

水淬工艺对冷轧微合金双相钢力学性能的影响

 研究了水淬工艺对微合金双相钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着淬火温度的降低,双相钢的屈服和抗拉强度下降,同时总伸长率提高;不同的淬火温度使双相钢显微组织中不仅产生了不同体积分数的马氏体,而且也形成了不同数量的新生铁素体。TEM分析表明,新生铁素体中没有细小的NbCN粒子,因而避免了析出强化,这不仅可以改善铁素体的塑性从而有利于双相钢的塑性,而且也能够提高双相钢的强度。     

Q&P(淬火和分配)工艺对25Si2Ni3钢组织和力学性能的影响

对0.24C-1.72Si-2.96Ni钢进行Q&P处理:880℃15 min-淬火至150～260 ℃(QT)5 min-300℃10min油淬.结果表明,Q&P处理的钢为板条马氏体、残余奥氏体、孪晶马氏体和ε碳化物的复合组织;QT影响钢中马氏体量,随QT由150℃升高至260℃,钢的抗拉强度由1 580 MPa降至1 505 MPa,冲击功由45 J升至50 J.与传统淬-回火工艺相比,Q&P处理钢的抗拉强度降低25～100 MPa,冲击功提高5～8 J,伸长率没有明显变化.     

锰和硼对冷轧钢板水淬性能的影响

冷轧马氏体钢板通常采用水淬生产以降低合金含量。冷轧马氏体钢一般通过加锰来保证淬硬性,也可以加硼,从而进一步降低合金成本。以冷轧马氏体钢板为研究对象,研究锰、硼含量对冷轧板水淬力学性能和组织的影响,探索锰、硼在水淬马氏体钢中的合理含量。研究表明:在文中所述的试验条件下,单独加锰,锰含量1.65%以上可以基本获得全马氏体组织;在1.65%的情况下,加硼仍对强度有一定提高作用;在1.05%的较低锰含量下,要获得全马氏体组织,钢中需要添加0.0036%的硼。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.