注射成型中聚合物剪切诱导结晶行为的三维模拟

在考虑剪切导致分子链取向并升高其平衡熔点的基础上,建立了基于Nakamura方程的剪切诱导结晶动力学模型。在WLF-Cross黏度模型中引入结晶对黏度系数的影响,构建了考虑结晶的注射成型过程模型。采用改进的有限体积法对聚合物剪切诱导结晶行为进行了三维数值模拟,模拟中耦合了流动场、熔体压力、温度、诱导时间与结晶度。结果表明,本方法可清晰模拟出注射成型过程中聚合物的三维"喷泉"流动行为以及3层"皮-芯"结晶结构,同时,诱导结晶时间指数与相对结晶度的模拟结果与理论及实验结果吻合。     

注射成型中聚合物熔体充填流动的数值模拟

在建立聚合物熔体充填三维流道—浇口—型腔系统的数学模型的基础上,采用混合有限元/有限差分方法求解,并对入口结点的压力计算以及熔体前沿推进时时间步长的确定准则作了修改。编制程序实现提出的算法,给出两个算例说明数值模拟的结果。     

注射成型流动模拟技术的发展

本文介绍了塑料成型过程中注射成型流动模拟技术的三个发展阶段，并分析了三种不同网格模型的特点。     

注射成型流动模拟技术的发展

介绍了塑料成型过程中注射成型流动模拟技术的三个发展阶段,并分析了三种不同网格模型的特点。     

注塑成型制品结晶取向数值模拟

注塑成型时非等温、非稳态的流动过程,使聚合物各部分经历不同的热历史和力历史,产生多样的晶体和取向结构。通过黏性流体力学基本方程,计算注塑流体的温度场和速度场,根据Avrami方程和晶体成核速率与第一法向应力差的关系模型模拟剪切流场对聚合物结晶动力学的加速作用,结合熔体结晶度的发展模拟制品不同位置沿厚度方向的取向。指出剪切速率较大的近模壁处呈现高度取向层,在中心层剪切速率低、取向因子小,呈现自由取向。     

聚合物流动诱导结晶数值模拟研究进展及模型

介绍了有关聚合物流动诱导结晶的研究工作,以及剪切诱导条件下结晶动力学、结晶形态学和结晶对材料流变参数的影响这三方面的主要研究模型,并进行了比较和讨论。     

塑料注射成型熔体前沿的流动模拟

讨论了塑料注射成型流动过程分析中熔体前沿喷泉效应的近似处理方法和数值分析方法。     

HDPE微注射成型过程非等温动态结晶模拟

采用布拉本德实验仪模拟微注射成型过程,研究结晶型聚合物微注射成型过程的剪切诱导结晶。结果表明,其他工艺参数不变时,当班伯里转子转速从40r／min增加到80r／min,试样的结晶度从74．43％增大到84．36％,结晶度随着剪切速率的增加而增大,剪切速率促进剪切诱导结晶的形成;当熔体初始温度从145℃升至185℃时,试样结晶度从74．96%增大到79．43％,结晶度随着熔体初始温度的上升而增大;当剪切时间从10min增加到20min时,试样结晶度从77．48％增大到80．17％,结晶度随着剪切时间的增加而增大,剪切作用可以促进结晶。比较动态与静态DSC的实验结果,动态结晶度（79．43％）高于静态结晶度（77．48％）。在同样的热历史影响下,剪切等外力场作用会促进HDPE的结晶过程。将上述结晶过程的研究结果应用于微注射成型生产实际,可从结晶度的角度来优化微注射成型熔体温度、注射压力和注射速率等工艺参数,提高成型零件的质量。     

顺序共注射成型充填过程的数值模拟

基于Hele Shaw流动模型,推导出顺序共注射成型充填过程的数值模型;并引入厚度分数,采用控制体积法来实现运动界面的追踪。数值模拟结果与moldflow的模拟结果相吻合,并且能够正确反映芯皮层熔体黏度比对注射压力和界面形貌的影响。     

气辅成型过程中可压缩空气流动数值模拟

气辅成型技术能够有效地改善产品力学性能、提高产品的质量,因此在注射成型生产中应用广泛,与之相应的气辅成型CAE技术也得到了快速发展。当前的气辅成型CAE技术中假定空气为不可压缩流体,忽略了空气的可压缩性,因此研究气辅成型过程中可压缩空气的流动行为具有一定的实际意义。针对气辅成型过程中可压缩空气流动的复杂行为,基于假设将复杂的三维(3D)流动问题转化为二维(2D)。采用 CBS方法建立2D瞬态可压缩空气流动的有限元分析模型,求解算法采用预共轭梯度法,并用VC++完成了算法编制,实现了可压缩空气流动过程的数值模拟,其压力结果可作为充填流动分析的基础数据。     

Flow‐induced crystallization in the injection molding of polymers: A thermodynamic approach

The prediction of the crystallinity and microstructure that develop in injection molding is very important for satisfying the required specifications of molded products. A novel approach to the numerical simulation of the skin‐layer thickness and crystallinity in moldings of semicrystalline polymers is proposed. The approach is based on the calculation of the entropy reduction in the oriented melt and the elevated equilibrium melting temperature by means of a nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive equation. The elevation of the equilibrium melting temperature that results from the entropy reduction between the oriented and unoriented melts is used to determine the occurrence of flow‐induced crystallization. The crystallization rate enhanced by the flow effect is obtained by the inclusion of the elevated equilibrium melting temperature in the modified Hoffman–Lauritzen equation. Injection‐molding experiments at various processing conditions were carried out on polypropylenes of various molecular weights. The thickness of the highly oriented skin layer and the crystallinity in the moldings were measured. The measured data for the microstructures in the moldings agree well with the simulated results. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 502–523, 2005     

水辅助注塑中高压水穿透过程的数值模拟

对水辅助注塑(WAIM)中高压水的穿透过程进行有限元模拟,研究熔体的充模行为,并分析其拉伸场和剪切场。结果显示,高压水推动熔体充模的过程可分为填充初期、快速填充期和填充末期3个阶段;较明显的拉伸应变速率仅出现在高压水前沿和熔体前沿区域;高压水前沿区域存在分布较宽且较为强烈的剪切速率,而高压水对已穿透区域的熔体几乎没有剪切作用。此外,模拟所得WAIM制品的穿透长度和掏空率与实验结果较吻合。     

基于SPH方法的微注射成型数值模拟

基于无网格方法和黏性本构方程,开展微注射成型数值模拟的研究。采用光滑粒子流体动力学的粒子近似法离散N-S 控制方程组,求解速度场、压力场、温度场等物理场的变化规律。以应用于生物医学领域带有细微针头的聚合物微针为例,进行充型过程的数值模拟,模拟结果与实验结果基本一致。     

Analysis of the influence of the injection molding process on the crystallization kinetics of a HDPE

Thermal analyses of microparts in high density polyethylene (HDPE) have shown that the specific processing conditions used in microinjection molding have irreversible consequences on the polymer morphology. This result has been demonstrated with the analysis of the non‐isothermal crystallization behavior of a HDPE with different thermal histories. The evolution of the absolute crystallinity has been analyzed with a relevant model able to separate the primary and secondary mechanisms all over the crystallization duration. This model has emphasized that the evolution of the primary crystallinity with time is different for the microparts compared to the conventional objects. These differences were attributed to variations of the crystallization mechanisms, especially within the nucleation phase, where a persistent melt memory effect of the former chains orientation/extension was assumed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 44239.     

新型注塑成型工艺

介绍了在传统注射成型工艺的基础上逐渐发展起来的几种新型注射成型工艺。气体辅助注射成型、多层共注成型和气体辅助多层共注成型、并对其进行了较详细的描述。     

Conversion studies in a novel reaction injection molding process for syndiotactic polystyrene

Syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) has successfully been produced using a novel reaction injection molding (RIM) process and a metallocene catalyst. Previous studies have shown that many of the requirements for a RIM process are achievable. However, problems due to incomplete conversion of monomer have hindered the commercial development of this process. In attempts to overcome this conversion limitation and gain insight into its nature, the effects of the extent of mixing, reaction time, and mold wall temperature were investigated on the monomer conversion and polymer properties. The properties of interest included the sPS fraction, molecular weight, melting point, and stereoregularity of the polymer produced. It was found that this RIM process was not mixing limited. Longer reaction times resulted in an increase in conversion, with no significant change in the polymer properties. Mold wall temperature had the greatest effect on both the conversion and polymer properties. Lower mold wall temperatures resulted in an increase in the conversion. At both of the temperature extremes studied, the polymer properties deteriorated. Infrared spectroscopic analyses of the as-polymerized samples indicated that sPS helical conformations were present. This suggested that the styrene monomer may be entrapped within the helical crystalline structures of sPS, preventing complete monomer conversion during this sPS RIM process. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 70: 2679–2693, 1998     

注塑成型熔接线截面熔接过程数值模拟

在多浇口和带嵌件注塑制品的成型过程中必然存在熔体的熔接过程,从而形成熔接线。熔接线沿厚度方向的熔接过程是影响该区域的力学强度以及纤维取向等制品性能的重要因素。本文采用有限元法针对注塑制品的典型截面建立数学模型,采用T6P3单元(速度二次插值,压力线性插值),数值模拟了注塑制品熔接线的截面熔接过程。通过等厚度截面和非等厚度截面两个算例,给出了两股熔体熔接过程中的截面速度场和压力场分布。讨论了熔接线区域的壁厚均匀程度对熔接过程的影响。该计算结果可以为制品力学性能以及纤维取向等数值模拟提供数据支持。