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膜生物反应器在城市中水回用中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
金桥电厂采用膜生物反应器(MBR)深度处理城市中水,获得较优质的电厂再生水.该工程对城市中水日处理量达到3万m3,是世界上最大规模的膜生物反应器再生水厂之一,符合国家节水技术政策大纲要求的"零排放"技术,达到了节水、环保的目的,实现了污水资源化.考察长期运行期间系统对去除污染物的效果和膜污染及清洗功效分析,结果表明,系统出水水质能达到循环冷却水补充水指标(GB 50335-2002),并且对水中的细菌、氨氮等的去除率达到99%以上;超滤膜运行过程中膜面形成的污染物,通过反洗和在线维护清洗分别能清除掉71.1%和87.5%的污染物,能很好的防治膜污染,并保证系统的稳定运行. 相似文献
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膜生物反应器中膜的污染与清洗 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
通过不同清洗方法对膜通量恢复效果的评价以及对污染膜和各步清洗后对膜表面和断面形貌的观察,对膜生物反应器工艺中的膜污染特征和膜污染进行了研究。结果表明,清水冲洗能消除纤维膜之间淤积的污泥和膜表面松散的污染层,次氯酸钠可以清除膜表面的微生物和有机污染物,而硫酸和柠檬酸能清除膜上的无机物垢。在膜外表面的污染物主要为生物膜和凝胶层污染,而膜内表面的污染物主要为滋生的微生物和无机污染物。对应各步清洗后膜通量的恢复,可以推出,在试验的工艺条件下,无机物污染对膜过滤阻力的影响较大。在此基础上.为延缓膜污染对膜生物反应器提出三点建议. 相似文献
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膜生物反应器(MBR)是一种膜分离单元与生物处理单元相结合的新型水处理技术。由于膜生物反应器在污水处理中具有出水水质优异,操作运行简单,污泥产率低,占地面积小等特点,其应用范围和规模不断扩大。然而,膜污染和目前高昂的投资费用和膜污染是影响膜生物反应器进一步推广应用的主要因素。 相似文献
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膜生物反应器污水处理过程中膜生物污染的研究进展 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:18
本文论述了用于污水处理的膜生物反应器的膜污染及其影响因素,同时,重点分析了膜生物污染的形成机理、微生物粘附和繁殖生长,并讨论了膜的生物污染现象、形成过程、危害以及防治措施。 相似文献
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通过考察平板膜生物反应器以不同初始启动通量恒流运行后的膜污染情况.研究系统适且运行通量与临界通量间的关系。结果表明,该膜生物反应器的临界通量为40-43L(m2-h)。以不同通量恒流运行后膜污染状况可分为3种情况:初始启动通量不小于临界通量时,短时间内膜污染急剧发展:初始启动通量位于临界通量的2,5.4/5时。开始阶段膜污染缓慢发展,但在运行一段时间后膜污染都进入迅速发展阶段;初始启动通量小于临界通量的2/5时,在近4个月的试验期间内系统维持稳定运行。结合膜面区域污染程度的不均匀性及实际运行过程中临界通量的变化.在冬季低温情况下,适宜的运行通量为2/5-1,2的初始临界通量值。 相似文献
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膜污染是制约膜生物反应器(MBR)推广的关键因素.在MBR的实际运行中,各种运行参数如水力停留时间、污泥停留时间、曝气强度、膜运行通量的选取以及其它外加措施等均对膜污染发展有着重要影响.在综合国内外大量文献的基础上,阐述了膜生物反应器的运行参数与膜污染控制之间的关系. 相似文献
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The results of an experimental study, developed on a membrane bioreactor/membrane contactor pilot plant, aimed at drinking water denitrification are presented and discussed. In the adopted configuration the water, contaminated by nitrates, flows inside the fibres of a membrane unit. Due to the existing concentration gradient, nitrates migrate through the membrane and are reduced to nitrogen gas by the autotrophic biomass attached on the exterior of the fibres, and fed with an external source of organic carbon. Data obtained varying influent flow values and nitrate influent concentrations, confirm the potentiality of the system and show the possibility of full-scale applications. A new mathematical model, useful for both simulation and design of the system is also presented. The model is based on simple mass balances in the flow direction, and through the membrane. Each fibre is considered a plug-flow reactor, and nitrate concentration outside the fibres is assumed to be always zero. To obtain an explicit expression useful for simulation and design of membrane bioreactors/membrane contactors, steady-state conditions are supposed. Experimental data are in good agreement with the model's results, and confirm its applicability. 相似文献
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中水全膜处理系统在热电厂的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
大连泰山热电厂采用超滤(UF)—反渗透(RO)—电除盐(EDI)工艺对马栏河污水厂二级出水进行深度处理,使其满足热电厂超高压锅炉补给水水质要求。作者介绍了系统工艺的设计及设备的运行等,经该工艺处理后的出水可以达到设计要求。通过中水回用,热电厂每年可节约淡水6.25×106 m3,节省资金1 800多万元,社会及经济效益显著。 相似文献
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为了更有效地实现工业废水的"零排放",并且得到满足回用要求的高度净化回用水,研发了电化学紫外光联用耦合膜过滤技术对"零排放"工艺中双膜法当中的超滤或微滤预处理技术进行改良。结果发现,经过该工艺处理后的中水,其COD和UV;相比于单独膜过滤或电化学膜过滤工艺具有更高的去除率,且使用UVC作为电化学紫外光联用耦合膜过滤技术的光源处理废水时,水中COD的去除率相较于使用UVA紫外光光源的去除率更高。通过对不同处理时间三维荧光激发发射光谱图(EEM)的分析发现,被该技术所去除有机物的主要组分为腐殖质类物质以及蛋白质类物质,特别是腐殖质类组分的浓度显著降低。有机物的去除主要是由于电化学和紫外光联用可产生多种强氧化性自由基,从而降解废水中的有机污染物。 相似文献
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In this study a membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been studied experimentally for the treatment of oil field wastewater (produced water). This type of wastewater is characterised with relativity moderate to high amount of salt and oil. The normal bacteria which are growing in conventional activated sludge and MBR cannot withstand at these adverse conditions, therefore it is necessary to be adapted.In this study, different samples from sea sediment in Bushehr (south of Iran) were analysed and different groups of bacteria were isolated and adapted for surveying under high salinity conditions. The performance and efficiency of these bacteria in the degradation of model oil has been studied. The results showed that the bacterial consortium can degrade two models of hydrocarbons (hexadecane and phenanthrene) in the presence of salt very effectively.The adapted bacteria were cultivated later in the feed tank of a submerged hollow fiber MBR. The performance of the system, membrane permeability and the rate and extent of oil biodegradability have been studied under different operating conditions. The results showed that the MBR system could be very effective in the removing of oil from produced water. 相似文献