焦炉烟囱冒烟治理与热工调节

分析了捣固焦炉烟囱出现冒烟现象的原因,通过采取合理的治理措施并重新标定焦炉热工加热制度,可以消除焦炉烟囱冒烟现象,同时可将焦炉烟囱废气排放物中的NO_x和SO_2含量降至合理的区间。     

SCP一体机在6.25m捣固焦炉中额定与极限推焦电流及炉墙负荷核算

针对SCP一体机在国内第一座6.25 m捣固焦炉的最适推焦力及推焦阻力国内尚无理论计算的情况,对6.25 m捣固焦炉生产中SCP一体机推焦电流进行了核算,并针对一体机推焦电流的大小对炉墙的负荷进行了预测,确定了电机额定电流263 A作为6.25 m捣固焦炉推焦极限电流,402 A作为极限推焦电流,不仅可以满足生产安全需求,而且可延长大型捣固焦炉的使用寿命。     

我国大容积捣固焦炉的技术特点及装备水平

通过对6．25m捣固焦炉和5．5m捣固焦炉的工艺参数、工艺流程、焦炉炉体、焦炉机械、TZ装备、焦炉环保、炉型成熟性和投资等方面的分析,详细阐述了国内几种典型大容积捣固焦炉的技术特点、装备水平及其发展历程,并为建设大容积捣固焦炉提供了参考意见。     

大型捣固焦炉机侧烟尘治理新措施研究

大型捣固焦炉机侧烟尘具有温度高、成分复杂、瞬时产生量大的特点,机侧烟尘的出现,不仅威胁着捣固焦炉运行安全,而且严重污染周边环境。因此,简述了大型捣固焦炉机侧烟尘产生源,分析了大型捣固焦炉机侧烟尘原有治理措施的不足,针对相关问题提出了大型捣固焦炉机侧烟尘新措施,并对大型捣固焦炉机侧烟尘治理新措施的应用前后效果进行了对比。大型捣固焦炉机侧烟尘治理新措施应用后,烟尘污染物含量显著减少。表明新措施较为适合大型捣固焦炉机侧烟尘治理。     

我国捣固焦炉及机械技术发展现状与展望

简述了我国捣固炼焦技术发展进程,详细介绍了我国捣固焦炉5.5 m、6 m和6.25 m 3种主要炉型,并将6 m捣固焦炉与典型的5.5 m、6.25 m捣固焦炉进行了对比;介绍了配套捣固炼焦机械的主要性能及特点,并展望了我国焦炉炉型及机械技术的发展前景。     

顶装焦炉改捣固焦炉分析

评述了捣固炼焦的工艺及技术特点,对比了顶装焦炉与捣固焦炉的不同,介绍了顶装焦炉改捣固焦炉所需进行的配煤粉碎系统改造、煤塔改造、焦炉机侧整体平台下移等内容。对改造可能遇到的问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的改进措施,认为顶装焦炉改为捣固焦炉具有可行性。     

捣固焦炉大型化与SCP机国产化探讨

分析了捣固焦炉大型化的优点,介绍了捣固、装煤、推焦机械的主要形式.阐述了6.25m捣固焦炉捣固、装煤、推焦机械国产化的必要性,对其工艺配置及投资情况与引进技术进行了比较,提出了捣固焦炉大型化和SCP机国产化的具体建议.     

4.3m捣固焦炉与6m顶装焦炉的比较

对4.3m捣固焦炉和6m焦炉进行了技术经济比较,详细地从资源、焦炭质量、环境、经济等方面介绍了捣固炼焦的技术优势,指出了我国捣固炼焦技术发展方向,建议在我国应大力推广应用4.3m捣固炼焦技术,为今后我国捣固焦炉进一步实现大型化奠定基础。     

6.25m捣固焦炉生产运行状况及技术改进

以唐山佳华煤化工有限公司6.25 m捣固焦炉为例,从焦炉产量、生产工艺参数及塌饼率的控制等方面介绍了焦炉的生产运行状况,详细分析了捣固方式的改进及改为分层捣固技术后的经济效益。采用改进的分层捣固技术,提高了煤饼的强度,降低了入炉煤水分,减少了化产污水量,降低了炼焦耗热量,提高了热工效率,并且解决了捣固焦炉的塌饼问题,可为以后国内6.25 m捣固焦炉的发展提供经验数据。     

6.25m捣固焦炉温控管理的经验和思考

介绍了6.25m捣固焦炉生产中的一些温度特点和温控经验,并对捣固焦炉标准温度及加热特性等方面做了论述。分析了影响6.25m捣固焦炉热工系数的因素,提出了一些改进方法和措施,探索和实践了新的炉温测量和管理方法。     

新型锅炉炉前型煤机的研制

根据黑烟形成与燃烧的机理以及现有机械炉排影响燃烧的不利因素,设计了CT/n型锅炉炉前型煤机。它适用于链条炉排取暖锅炉、工业锅炉或炉窑,是一种由燃烧散煤改为直接燃烧型煤的清洁燃烧技术设备,它能有效地解决冒黑烟的问题,特别适用于燃烧洗煤厂分离出来的粉煤。     

燃煤窑炉烟尘治理措施的探讨

从煤烟形成机理出发,结合作者消烟除尘工作的实践,提出燃煤窑炉烟尘治理应以消烟为主;并详细分析了燃煤窑炉产生黑烟的原因及影响因素,比较了多种消烟除尘的技术和措施。     

焦炉烟囱冒烟异常现象分析及解决对策

焦炉烟囱是焦炉产生废气排出的唯一通道,正常生产情况下烟囱所冒的烟尘应该是无色的,但在异常情况下,烟囱冒出的烟尘会有不同颜色特征,本文主要分析烟囱冒烟异常现象的原因及解决对策。     

焦炉烟囱NOx排放控制刍议

新的国家标准《炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准》提出了焦炉烟囱的NOx排放控制要求。本文从焦炉加热系统的设计和对焦炉烟道废气的后处理2个层面论述了焦炉烟囱NOx排放控制的技术措施,简要介绍了SCR烟气脱硝技术,提出了借鉴日本东京煤气公司的中试与工程经验,采用SCR脱硝技术对焦炉烟道废气进行后处理,以达到国家标准对“特别地区”焦炉烟囱的NOx排放控制要求。     

Study on fire smoke flow characteristics in the ventilation network and linkage control system in coal mines

In coal mining, smoke flow from tunnel fires can easily cause a large number of deaths in the ventilation network. But the optimal smoke flow path control methods and automatic control system were lacked. In order to improve the efficiency of fire emergency rescue, the control mechanism and regional linkage control system for fire induced smoke flow in ventilation network was studied. Based on a ventilation system in coal mines, different fire scenarios for smoke flow were analysed using ventilation simulation software (VSS). Smoke flow control methods were simulated under different ventilation modes, a contrastive analysis was conducted for the respective effects and the optimal smoke flow path control methods were confirmed in different fire scenarios. A new type of ventilation facility, regional monitoring sub-stations and remote linkage control platforms were developed for smoke control. A reliability evaluation model for the control system was established by Bayesian network. The failure of the linkage control is 98.9%, the monitoring sub-station is 64.4%, the sub-station communication is 43.9%; thus, a double insurance of the control process must be realised. Since its application, the proposed regional linkage control system has been repeatedly tested through fire drills, and good results have been obtained.     

Methods for Determining Aerosol Concentration

A model for calculation of radiative transfer in a layer of particles on a fiber filter that takes into account multiple scattering has been developed. It was shown that the model describes calibration curves for the black smoke method. Multiple scattering and variations in the black carbon fraction are the main factors that control complex relationships between substrate loading and optical response. It was obtained that on average for the UK the fraction of the black carbon decreased from about 23% in the 1960s to about 10% in the 1990s. An approach has been suggested to convert black smoke data into PM 10 . A new method of measuring PM 10 based on measuring light reflectance of two filters containing the same aerosol but different surface mass concentrations is suggested. The model can be applied to the integrating plate and other optical methods.     

Smoke characteristics of coal-lined tunnel fires

Characteristics of smoke particulates generated from a coal fire in a ventilated model tunnel were investigated by laser optical transmission and by electron microscopy. Average particle diameter and mass concentration of the smoke were determined as a function of the temperature and stoichimoetry of the coal tunnel fire. Smoke particle sizes ranged from 0.2 to 0.9 μm, with larger particle sizes associated with higher smoke concentrations. These coal smoke data are relevant to several aspects of underground mine safety including the development and location of smoke detection instruments, the understanding of the fire (toxic fume) hazard, and the development of new fire protection and control techniques.     

造纸黑液和煤泥制备水煤浆的技术研究

将干燥的块状煤泥研磨至不同粒度的煤粉,与造纸黑液按一定比例配制成水煤浆,考察其综合性能指标.当黑液添加量为7.2%,煤粉粒度小于160目时,制备的水煤浆浓度为67.44%,流动性为A级,稳定性达到20d保持良好.改变黑液的pH值,研究其配制的水煤浆,发现废液pH对水煤浆的成浆性没有太大的影响.由于造纸黑液中含有大量有机质,因此还可提高同等条件下水煤浆的燃烧热值.利用GB 213-87测定所制备水煤浆的恒容高位发热量为21.63MJ/kg,低位发热量为15MJ/kg.     

醇溶苯胺黑生产废水中苯胺的回收

醇溶苯胺黑生产过程中产生大量含三氯化铁的苯胺废水,采用中和一过滤一恒沸精馏技术处理该类废水并从中回收苯胺,提出了节能减排的设计方案。将该设计用于苯胺废水处理能力300t／d的生产装置后,解决了三氯化铁污染塔设备的问题,降低了新鲜蒸汽和循环水消耗,提高了苯胺的分离效果,可使蒸汽消耗量降低30％～40％,循环水消耗量降低70％,排放废水中的苯胺质量分数由原来的（1000～3000）×10^-6降低到200×10^-6。     

利用煤矸石制备4A沸石的方法

煤矸石是采煤和洗煤过程产生的废弃物。主要矿物学成分为高岭土的煤矸石,由于硅铝成分与4A沸石相近适用于制备4A沸石。以煤矸石为原料制备4A沸石的主要3种方法：水热法、熔融法和碱溶法。比较了水热法、熔融法和碱溶法等各自工艺路线的优点及产品质量;选择价格低廉、较短工艺路线成为未来研究的重点。