Telecommunications management network (TMN) architecture andinterworking designs

The authors discuss data communications networks (DCNs) used by operating telephone companies to interconnect large numbers of telecommunications network elements with operations systems and workstations to support and manage telecommunications networks, referred to by the international telegraph and telephone consultative committee (CCITT) as a telecommunications management network (TMN). The TMNs can include different types of DCNs such as private lines, circuit-switched networks, packet-switched networks, and integrated services digital networks (ISDNs). These can be divided into two classes: connection-mode and connectionless-mode networks. The authors briefly consider TMN concepts and implementation architectures. They then focus on TMN internetworking design alternatives, issues, and protocol stacks, in order to provide data network designers and implementors with the necessary fundamentals in considering and choosing interworking solutions for TMN applications     

一个新的集成网络管理体系结构

已存在的三个网络管理体系结构,基于Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ／ＳＮＭＰ,基于ＯＳＩ／ＴＭＮ的网络体系结构不能独立完成对计算机和电信网的综合管理。基于新出现的计算技术和ＴＭＮ的逻辑分层管理体系结构,提出了一个能够综合管理计算机网和电信网的集成网络管理体系结构,并分析此管理体系结构的特点。     

Telecommunications management network: vision vs. reality

Since the early 1980s, the standards bodies have been specifying the telecommunications management network (TMN) principles. Millions of dollars have been spent. The TMN principles aim at being applicable across telecommunications technologies. They recommend the use of independent management networks to manage telecommunications networks, elements in the telecommunications networks (managed networks), and managing systems (in managing networks), communicating via well defined, standardized interfaces. The standards bodies envisioned TMN as a possible solution to the complex problem of telecommunications networks and services operation, administration, maintenance and provisioning (OAM and P) in the open, multivendor environment. However, the vision stumbles against the reality. Various factors still hinder the implementation of TMN-based OAM and P systems. The present article provides a tutorial on TMN by contrasting the vision and the reality     

Implementing OSI agent/managers for TMN

The telecommunications management network (TMN) architecture defines a framework for the management of telecommunications networks and services. It is based on a set of TMN standards developed by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T), and is finding increased interest in the telecommunications industry, where rapid development of services and open architectures are in demand. Open systems interconnection (OSI) agent/managers as defined by the OSI systems management standards play a major role in the TMN architecture. However, the complexity of these standards, make the implementation of agent/managers and thus TMN systems a challenging task; methodologies and tools to ease the task of building agent/managers are needed. This article discusses the key difficulties in building OSI agent/managers and presents an architecture and a toolkit that can overcome them. The toolkit automates the generation of code that conforms to TMN and OSI standards, allowing the implementor to focus on the implementation of agent and manager specific components using the facilities provided by the toolkit     

电信管理网

阐述了TMN的概念、管理功能和管理业务其及体系结构,并介绍了以我国TMN技术和标准为基础的综合电信管理网的建设情况。认为传统的电信管理网络已不适应现代电信网的管理要求,而由国际电信联盟——电信部(ITU-T)提出的,具有标准协议、接口和结构的电信管理网(TMN)将成为未来电信网管理的基础。     

An implementation of a TMN-based SDH management system in Japan

Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) equipment based on fiber optics, SDH interfaces, and supporting operation systems (OSs) was introduced into Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT)'s transmission-line networks beginning in 1989. One of the major problems in the first phase was less intelligent proprietary interfaces between network elements (NEs) and OSs, which caused limited connectivity among different types of NEs and OSs. A second problem was the lack of reusability of software modules for a specific type of equipment for other types of equipment. At the beginning of the second phase, the principles of the telecommunications management network (TMN) were adopted to provide good tools for defining standard interfaces and object oriented modeling. The article describes problems encountered in the first phase SDH network management system and summarizes advantages expected from making use of TMN-related standards available at the design stage of the second phase SDH network management system. It outlines the new SDH network management system, followed by results from the application of the TMN-related standards to real networks     

市话业务计算机综合管理系统的TMN逻辑分层结构

市话业务计算机综合管理系统对提高我国电信业务管理水平极为重要。根据TMN的逻辑分层结构原理,市话业务管理系统原则上可分为2层,一层是业务管理层,另一层是网络管理层。业务管理层负责向客户提供和管理市话业务,网络管理层则负责向业务管理层提供机线资源。     

Managing a broadband environment: “you can't buck themarket”

Demand for bandwidth seems unstoppable, and investment in network infrastructure is massive. There is a desire that network operators be able to manage these networks in an efficient manner, with flexibility to support new customer service opportunities faster and cheaper. Network operators are looking to standards to help them meet this challenge. The telecommunications management network (TMN) model, so effective in describing how management information must support needs at the element, network, and service levels, provides a good starting point. However, if the supporting standards are not developed and used wisely, a TMN approach can have the opposite effect of adding cost and removing flexibility. Technology-specific “stovepipes” may make it impossible to manage services across a range of technologies. The authors express their views on the need for a service-driven approach to standards implementation. They point out specific challenges operators will face as they approach their management systems' needs for broadband services, and encourage service providers and network operators to take a more proactive role in defining their needs     

Architecture for integrated telecommunication management platforms

Telecommunication management network (TMN) systems represent diverse telecommunication domains with wide-ranging functionality which frequently employ different technologies and produce isolated solutions. Yet as telecommunications become more sophisticated, there is a growing need for telecommunication management integration and interoperability. The authors present a general TMN computing-platform architecture which is flexible and powerful enough to support contrasting TMN management applications while facilitating integration. To validate the architecture, three diverse management applications were profiled based on components of the TMN platform architecture. Core infrastructure components, required by a broad range of TMN applications, are identified and examined and TMN-specific technology is highlighted     

Study of the TMN-Based Configuration Management in Intelligent Networks

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅＴｅｌｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓＭａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔＮｅｔｗｏｒｋ（ＴＭＮ）ｉｓａｆｒａｍｅｗｏｒｋｆｏｒｔｈｅｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｅｌｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｓａｎｄｔｈｅｓｅｒｖｉｃｅ...     

智能网的管理及其与TMN的关系

智能网是８０年代中期出现的一种新型网络，因其能够快速灵活的在网络中引入新业务而得以迅速发展，并成为未来电信网的方向。电网管理网作为现代电信网的有效管理手段，必须对智能网的发展产生巨大影响，而智能网的发展也将使ＴＭＮ的管理功能更加完善。本文将首先介绍智能网的管理要求，然后从网络管理的角度探讨其与ＴＭＮ的相互关系。     

Approaches for introducing TMN in legacy networks: a critical look

Introducing the telecommunications management network (TMN) into a legacy network is generally an uphill battle. This article provides a critical review of the two key approaches used in the industry for introducing TMN interfaces into legacy networks. Before the analysis, it is of prime importance to establish some ground rules. There is currently no common understanding of what introducing TMN into a legacy network means, as there is no common understanding of what introducing TMN into a network means. We start by analyzing what introducing TMN into a legacy network means, and then study, successively, the bottom-up and top-down approaches. Finally, a cost trade-off analysis is made     

TMN-based broadband ATM network management

ATM has rapidly transitioned from a standards and prototyping concept to become the next-generation switching technology used in products available on the market. With the rapid introduction of ATM switches into networks, there is an urgent need to manage them. The article discusses the telecommunication management network (TMN) interfaces being defined for management systems to communicate with ATM network elements (NEs) and other management systems. ATM management systems will have to communicate with ATM NEs in their jurisdiction using TMN interfaces. Networks will usually contain equipment from different suppliers. Thus, it is vital that there be standard management interfaces so that these different NEs can be managed. Some standard interfaces for ATM networks are defined, while others are being defined. The status of these interfaces is reviewed in the article. Communication between different networks is also needed, both between public networks and between public and private networks. Management personnel of one network need to exchange information with other networks for certain functions (e.g., initial service provisioning), and so management systems of different networks will exchange information through a combination of mechanized and manual interfaces. The status of these interfaces is also reviewed in the article     

RACE telecommunications management network architecture

An implementation architecture for a telecommunications management network (TMN) suitable for the management of integrated broadband communications in the CEC RACE programme is described. The architecture is intended to support the future implementation of TMN systems within Europe and elsewhere. Having outlined some of the motivations for the development of a TMN architecture, the paper introduces the various functions associated with a TMN. An overview is given of the functional and physical views of the TMN. One of the major components of any network management system is the management information base. This is described in some detail because of its central role in the architecture. Finally a list of some of the open issues still remaining concludes the paper     

新一代网络管理标准的研究

ITU－T在网络管理标准方面的制定大体经历了三个阶段，即1997年以来的第一代经典TMN阶段、1997至2000年的第二代扩展TMN阶段和从2001年开始的包括TMN在内的第三代网络管理阶段。“十五”期间我国的网络管理标准研究工作将放在第三代移动通信、IP网络、光网络3个重点领域。     

基于TMN的智能网网络管理

随着电信技术和业务的迅猛发展，智能网新业务不断投入运营，大量的ＩＮ设备进入了电信网络，因此迫切需要与之相拳ＩＮ网络管理技术。本文重点讨论了如何将计算机和电信方法用于ＩＮ的网络管理，并根据电信管理网络的结构和协议来实现ＩＮ的网络管理。     

Network architectures for the 21st century

The future belongs to the service providers who invest in new network architectures. Continuous innovation is easier, but the new architectures call for significantly different ways of running the telephone and cable businesses. The network architecture forms the main infrastructure to meet the enterprise networking needs of the next century. Today's telephone networks treat switching, transmission, and operations systems as distinct disciplines. The usually respectable tendency towards caution in adapting to change would suggest that new technologies be mapped into this methodology. This is not possible. The deployment of the telecommunications management network (TMN) illustrates the problem; it was so slow in coming due primarily to its complexity and the inertia of legacy systems. Distinctions between switching and transmission equipment disappear as network elements become software-based. Incorporating network management functions in the network elements can make operating a network easier. Only a radical change of mindset can hope to provide the necessary cost benefits and ease of use. The full-service network requires a new nodal architecture; one possibility is shown. A shared access infrastructure featuring a connection control layer connects network services and management to the modules which provide intelligent network capability, such as call setup, routers and transport. Connection control provides the pathways for a combination of these modules to work together to perform traditional network functions     

A synchronous digital hierarchy network management system

The critical issues in multivendor environments and operation systems of telecommunication networks essential to speeding up the handling of service orders and service restoration after failures are discussed. To overcome these problems as the software backlog grows, the authors propose the application of a telecommunications management network (TMN) architecture together with an object-oriented network resource (ONR) model. The second phase of the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) network management system, which is based on the TMN architecture and ONR model, is examined     

A Performance Analysis of TMN Systems Using Models of Networks of Queues,Jackson's Theorem,and Simulation

We analyze the performance of a telecommunications management network (TMN) system using models of networks of queues, Jackson's theorem, and simulation. TMN systems for managing public asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks generally have a four‐level hierarchical structure consisting of a network management system, a few element management systems (EMSs), and several pairs of agents and ATM switches. We construct a Jackson's queuing network and present formulae to calculate its performance measures: distributions of queue lengths and waiting times, mean message response time, and maximum throughput. We perform a numerical analysis and a simulation analysis and compare the results.     

The role of satellite communication in the ISDN era

Satellite communications can play an important role in provisioning the next-generation telecommunications services and networks, provided that the protocols specifying these services and networks are satellite-compatible. After a brief discussion of narrowband circuit and packet mode integrated service digital network (ISDN) services, the paper focuses on emerging standards in frame relay, broadband ISDN (BISDN) and universal personal telecommunications (UPT). The specific parameters and procedures of frame relay and BISDN protocols which are affected by a satellite delay are identified, and congestion and resource management functions for frame relay and BISDN are discussed in detail. Specific ground functions and possible on-board functions are identified as potential candidates for implementation via neural network technology. Finally, the implication of UPT standards on satellite networks is discussed.