交联型高固含量PSt／PBA复合乳液的研究

合成了稳定性较好的交联型ＰＳｔ／ＰＢＡ固含量达５０％以上的复合乳液，用透射电镜测定了乳液粒径并观测粒子的微观形态，对Ｓｔ／ＢＡ不同比例的乳液粒径、稳定性及共聚物的玻璃化温度进行比较，结果表明：Ｓｔ／ＢＡ比例增大，粒径增大，粒子的分散性减小，玻璃化温度升高，乳液稳定性增强。     

中空聚合物乳胶粒子的制备

研究了在制备中空乳胶粒子的过程中,复合乳液（苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）－丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）－甲基丙烯醛（ＭＡ））进行种子聚合时,Ｓｔ／ＢＡ的质量比和ＭＡ的用量对胶乳粒子的空径、粒径和表面羧基质量摩尔浓度的影响。实验结果表明,当Ｓｔ／ＢＡ的质量比为１９,ＭＡ质量分数为单体的５．６％时,形成的乳胶粒子的空径最大。     

胶乳型互穿聚合物网络研究Ⅳ环氧树脂/聚丙烯酸酯semi-LIPN中环氧树脂的某些作用

通过ＤＳＣ、ＴＧ、溶胀性测定等分析方法,对环氧树脂／聚（丙烯酸丁酯一苯乙烯一甲基丙烯酸甲酯）［ＥＰ／Ｐ（ＢＡ－Ｓｔ－ＭＭＡ）］半胶乳型互穿聚合物网络（ｓｅｍｉ－ＬＩＰＮ）中环氧树脂对体系的玻璃化转变、热稳定性、溶胀性、成膜性及乳胶膜的吸水性进行了考察。结果表明,在ＥＰ与丙烯酸酯总量一定的情况下,增大ＥＰ用量,实际上提高了丙烯酸酯聚合物的交联密度,从而使丙烯酸酯聚合物的玻璃化转变温度提高,而该ｓｅｍｉ－ＬＩＰＮ弹性体的溶胀性则略有降低;在热稳定性实验中,虽然ＥＰ的分解温度一致,但交联聚丙烯酸酯的分解温度提高;实验范围内,ＥＰ对乳液的成膜性影响不大,但可显著降低乳胶膜的吸水性,并提高乳液对基质的粘附力。     

正丁醇钛—乙酸钡水解法合成BaTiO3粉体的研究

本文着重研究了Ｔｉ（Ｏ＾ｎＢａ）４－Ｂａ（ＤＡｃ）２水解法合成高纯超细ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体的制备工艺。借助ＴＧＤＴＡ，ＸＲＤ，ＴＥＭ，ＳＥＭ，ＳＡＸＳ和ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ等分析手段，研究了ＰＨ值，Ｂａ／Ｔｉ比和（Ｂａ／Ｔｉ）比，反应温度，浸泡处理等对ＢａＴｉＯ２粉体性能的影响，采用本工艺方法合成的ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体，纯度达９９．８０ｗｔ％，比表面积为６８ｍ＾２／ｇ，一次粒子平均粒径４６．７ｎｍ，二次粒子粒径     

偏氯乙烯／丙烯酸甲酯乳液共聚合研究

以过硫酸钾／亚硫酸氢钠（ＫＰＳ／ＳＨＳ）为引发体系，十二烷基苯磺酸钠（ＳＤＢＳ）或十二烷基硫酸钠／聚氧乙烯基辛基酸醚（ＳＬＳ／ＯＰ）为乳化剂或复合乳化剂，于５０℃或６０℃下进行偏氯乙烯／丙烯酸甲酯（ＶＤＣ／ＭＡ）的乳液共聚合。实验结果表明，采用乳化剂ＳＤＢＳ或复合乳化剂ＳＬＳ／ＯＰ，加入适量离子型第三单体和ｐＨ值调节剂，可以制得总固物含量大于５０％的稳定性好、粒径适宜、阻透和涂敷性能良好的ＶＤＣ／     

以PSt为种子的VAc乳液聚合的研究

采用微乳液聚合的方法制备了「ＰＳｔ微乳胶粒子，并以此为核进行ＶＡｃ的种子乳液聚合，形成了以ＰＳｔ为壳的乳胶粒子，分析了该种子聚合的动力学及反应机理，为ＰＶＡｃ乳液的改性进行了基础实验方面的研究。     

聚硅氧烷改性苯乙烯—丙烯酸丁酯共聚乳液膜性能的研究

采用共混和共聚两种改性方法制备了不同聚硅氧烷含量的苯乙烯－丙烯酸丁酯（Ｓｔ－ＢＡ）共聚乳液，测定了改性Ｓｔ－ＢＡ乳液膜的表面性能，吸水率及力学性能，并用ＳＥＭ对膜断面的形态结构进行了观察。结果表明：与共混改性相比，共聚改性Ｓｔ－ＢＡ乳液膜具有互穿网络结构，从而明显抑了聚硅氧烷向膜表面的迁移以及两相间的相分离过程，提高了改性Ｓｔ－ＢＡ乳液膜的耐水性及耐污染性，共聚改性Ｓｔ－ＢＡ乳液膜中聚硅氧烷含量在     

聚丙烯酸丁酯-丙烯酸/苯乙烯辐射接枝共聚物粘接性能的研究

采用过氧化预辐射法将生产高分子特效膜残留下的废苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）与聚丙烯酸丁酯－丙烯酸（ＰＢＡ－ＡＡ）接枝，制得ＰＢＡ－ＡＡ／Ｓｔ接枝共聚物。比较了辐射法和化学法所制接枝共聚物的粘接性能，考察了Ｓｔ含量、丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）／ＡＡ共聚物特性粘度、ＡＡ用量、ＢＡ和Ｓｔ预辐射剂量对接枝共聚物粘接性能的影响。结果表明，采用辐射法所制接枝共聚物的粘接性能优于化学法所制接枝共聚物的粘接性能；废Ｓｔ比纯Ｓｔ效果好；当Ｓｔ含量为３３％、ＢＡ／ＡＡ共聚物特性粘度适中、ＡＡ用量为５．５份（ＢＡ用量固定为１００份）、ＢＡ预辐射剂量为１６．０ｋＧｙ、Ｓｔ预辐射剂量为３２．０ｋＧｙ时，制得的接枝共聚物的粘接性能最为理想     

橡胶粒子的粒径及粒径分布对ABS性能和结构的影响

采用种子乳液聚合技术在聚丁二烯（ＰＢ）和丁苯胶乳（ＳＢＲ）乳胶粒上接枝共聚苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）和丙烯腈（ＡＮ）,分别合成了橡胶含量为２０％的ＡＢＳ共聚物,并研究了ＡＢＳ的力学性能和形态结构。结果表明,在两种ＡＢＳ中橡胶粒子都比较均匀地分散在ＳＡＮ基体中,其橡胶粒子直径分别为０．０５μｍ（ＳＢＲ０和０．２５μｍ（ＰＢ）左右,并且在ＰＢ橡胶粒子中含有大量的结构－－ＳＡＮ次级粒子,其冲击强度值分别为１５Ｊ／ｍ     

稳定的无皂阳离子乳液的制备

在无皂条件下，利用偶氮二异丁基脒盐酸盐（ＡＩＢＡ）作引发剂，探讨苯乙烯／丙烯酸丁酯／甲基丙烯酰乙氧二甲基丁基溴化铵（Ｓｔ／ＢＡ／ＤＢＭＡ）三元阳主子共聚物乳液制备的合理条件，通过电镜观察到粒子形态规则，大小均一，功能性单体ＤＢＭＡ是以甲基丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯和正溴丁烷为原料，选择乙腈作溶剂合成，制取的最终产品纯度高，收率高。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。