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纳米复合镀层中纳米粉体含量的测定目前主要采用重量法和表面能谱分析法,而这2种方法都存在较大的局限性。提出采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定复合镀层中纳米SiO2的含量。以pH=1的HNO3溶液、NiSO4-HNO3溶液、CuSO4-HNO3溶液、ZnSO4-HNO3分别作为空白液来模拟复合镀层的溶解液。通过试验确定了测定波长,试验发现测定的标准曲线线性都非常理想、采用该法与重量分析法分别测定了待测液中纳米SiO2的含量,并对其误差进行了比较,结果表明该法的准确度高,其平均相对误差(1.05%)远远小于重量分析法,而且更省时。 相似文献
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在酸性介质中,钛与二安替比林甲烷可生成络合物Ti-DAM.提出采用DAM为显色剂、硫酸-盐酸为显色介质,利用分光光度法测定了Ni-TiO2纳米复合镀层中TiO2的共析量.确定了最佳测定波长为390 nm.通过研究显色时间、DAM及盐酸用量、共存离子等对吸光度的影响,得出适宜的显色条件.经测定表明,工作曲线在钛含量为0~360μg/(50 mL)范围内,有较好的线性关系,其表观摩尔吸光系数为8.813×103 L/(mol·cm).对样品进行了回收测试,钛的回收率在99.7%~104.6%之间.同时对TiO2含量分光光度法分析结果与EDS测得值进行了比较. 相似文献
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纳米颗粒对复合电刷镀过程中镀液特性及镀层沉积速度的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了特快镍刷镀液(TK-Ni)及两种不同纳米颗粒含量的纳米Al2O3/特快镍复合刷镀液(10n/TK-Ni和30n/TK-Ni,其中前者纳米颗粒含量较少)在刷镀过程中的温度和密度变化及复合镀层厚度的变化,解释了纳米颗粒的加入对镀液温度和密度的影响及对镀层沉积速率的影响。试验结果表明:刷镀过程中含纳米颗粒的复合镀液的温度和密度均较高,且二者均随纳米颗粒含量的增大而升高;随刷镀过程的进行,镀液温度升高,密度减小,复合镀液密度在刷镀时间达30min后出现回升现象;复合镀层沉积速度较快,且镀层沉积速度随镀液中纳米颗粒含量增加而增大。 相似文献
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(Ni-P)-纳米Si3N4微粒复合刷镀工艺研究 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10
论述了(Ni-P)-纳米Si3N4微粒复合刷镀工艺,设备及(Ni-P)-纳米Si3N4微粒复合刷镀液的组成和配制方法;研究了纳米Si3N4微粒在刷镀液中的含量,刷镀工作电压和刷镀温度对(Ni-P)-纳米Si3N4微粒复合刷镀层的影响;研究了在不同的热处理温度下复合刷镀层的硬度和耐磨性。 相似文献
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采用水溶液聚合法,以丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)、乙酸乙烯酯(VAc)为单体,有机膨润土(OMMT)为复合微粒,反应得到了P(AA-AM-VAc)/OMMT复合高吸水性树脂。通过单因素实验考察了聚合温度、单体组成、引发剂用量、交联剂用量、丙烯酸中和度、有机膨润土掺入量对复合树脂吸液率的影响,获得了最佳工艺条件。结果表明,在最佳工艺条件下制备的复合高吸水性树脂对纯净水和w(NaC l)=0.9%水溶液的吸收倍率分别为695 g/g和113 g/g。 相似文献
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油田堵漏用高吸水树脂的合成与吸水性能 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3
用水溶液聚合法制备了丙烯酰胺(AM)/2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)/高岭土三元复合型高吸水树脂,最佳制备条件为:w(AM)=20%,w(N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺)=0.08%,w(过硫酸铵)=0.6%,反应温度40℃。优选样在105℃烘干6h后,在室温下的吸蒸馏水倍数和吸w(NaCl)=0.9%水溶液倍数分别达到1634g/g及138g/g。考察了温度、电解质浓度、树脂粒径、不同种类的矿物、高岭土质量分数以及溶液pH对吸水树脂吸水性能的影响,测试了不同温度下树脂的吸水率和保水率。通过添加有机羧酸CA和调整树脂的粒径大小,制备了一种吸水速率可控的油田堵漏用高吸水树脂。红外光谱分析表明,有机羧酸CA能有效地与树脂复合,形成共聚物。 相似文献
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多孔纳米Fe~(3+)/TiO_2的制备及其光催化性能 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
以十六烷基三甲基溴化胺为表面活性剂,采用改性溶胶凝胶法制备了多孔纳米Fe3+/TiO2复合材料,以TEM、XRD、DTA等对其进行了表征。对10 mg/L甲基橙溶液进行太阳光催化降解,考察了光催化效果的影响因素。结果表明,复合材料有多孔结构,表面活性剂的加入和Fe3+掺杂能抑制粒径的长大,w(十六烷基三甲基溴化胺)=5%,w(Fe3+)=2%,甲基橙水溶液的pH=5时,复合材料的光催化效果最好,太阳光照射3 h,甲基橙降解率达到30%以上,使TiO2的光催化效率提高了10倍。 相似文献
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Synthesis and characterization of superabsorbent composite by using glow discharge electrolysis plasma 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jinzhang Gao Aixiang Wang Yan Li Yan Fu Jianlin Wu Youdi Wang Yujing Wang 《Reactive and Functional Polymers》2008,68(9):1377-1383
A convenient and effective technique for polymerization to produce the poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/montmorillonite superabsorbent composite in aqueous solution was developed, in which the reaction was initiated by the glow discharge electrolysis (GDE) plasma rather than chemical initiators. The resulted superabsorbent has higher water absorbency, for example, 1024 g g−1 for distilled water and 56 g g−1 for 0.9% NaCl solution. To optimize the synthesis conditions, the following parameters were examined in detail: the discharge voltage, discharge time, ratio of acrylic acid to acrylamide, neutralization of acrylic acid, amount of crosslinking agent and montmorillonite added. The superabsorbent composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results indicated that montmorillonite was effectively bonded with polymer. Moreover, the water absorbency, water retention and thermal stability of the superabsorbent composite prepared by GDE were higher than those of the superabsorbent composite by conventional chemical method under the same polymerization conditions. 相似文献
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A novel starch‐graft‐poly(acrylamide)/attapulgite superabsorbent composite was synthesized by graft copolymerization reaction of starch, acrylamide (AM), and attapulgite micropowder using N.N‐methylene‐bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and ammonium persulphate (APS) as an initiator in aqueous solution, followed by hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide. The effects on water absorbency, such as amount of crosslinker, initiator, attapulgite, weight ratio of acrylamide to starch in the feed, gelatinization conditions of starch and molar ratio of NaOH to acrylamide, and so forth, were investigated. These superabsorbent composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The water absorbencies for these superabsorbent composites in water and saline solution were investigated, and water retention tests were carried out. Results obtained from this study showed that the water absorbency of superabsorbent composite synthesized under optimal synthesis conditions with an attapulgite content of 10% exhibit absorption of 1317 g H2O/g sample and 68 g H2O/g sample in distilled water and in 0.9 wt % NaCl solution, respectively. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1351–1357, 2005 相似文献
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魔芋接枝丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚物/凹凸棒石复合材料的制备与表征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以水溶液聚合法制备了魔芋接枝丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚物/凹凸棒石复合材料。考察了魔芋用量、凹凸棒石用量、中和度、丙烯酰胺用量等因素对复合材料吸液倍率的影响,并采用FTIR,SEM对复合材料进行表征。结果表明,凹凸棒石的适量加入可以提高复合材料的吸液倍率。当魔芋用量为丙烯酸单体质量的4%、凹凸棒石用量为6%、中和度为90%、丙烯酰胺用量为20%时,制备的复合材料的吸液倍率最高。红外光谱(FTIR)表明魔芋葡甘聚糖、丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺和凹凸棒石共同参与了接枝聚合反应;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明凹凸棒石与高分子复合效果良好。 相似文献
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A novel poly (acrylic acid)/sodium humate superabsorbent composite was synthesized by graft copolymerization reaction of acrylic acid (AA) on sodium humate micropowder using N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker and potassium peroxydisulfate (KPS) as an initiator in aqueous solution. The effects on water absorbency of factors such as reaction temperature, initial monomer concentration, and degree of neutralization of AA, amount of crosslinker, initiator, and sodium humate were investigated. The superabsorbent composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and the graft copolymerization reaction of AA on sodium humate micropowder was characterized by IR spectroscopy. Results obtained from this study show that the water absorbency of the superabsorbent composite synthesized under optimal conditions for synthesis with a sodium humate content of 5.3% exhibited absorption of 684 g H2O/g sample in distilled water. Water‐retention in soil is enhanced by the use of the superabsorbent composite. The effect of superabsorbent composite on the growth of corn is reported. The superabsorbent composite may be of use as water management materials for agriculture purposes in desert and drought‐prone areas. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5137–5143, 2006 相似文献
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