Untersuchungen zur Extraktion ölhaltiger Rohstoffe IV: Direkte Extraktion von Rapssamen

Investigations of Extraction of Oil Containing Raw Materials IV: Direct Extraction of Rape Seed In the present work the direct extraction of rape seed is delt. The influence of the miscella concentration in the range from 0–60% on the extraction process was investigated, that means on the degree of the extraction and the speed by which the equilibrium state is achieved. The applicability of the deducted model equation was confirmed for the whole range of concentration of the miscella which has been investigated. The speed of reaching the equilibrium state diminishes with the concentration of the miscella to the fivefold. Considerable changes of the process character were found in higher ranges of concentration of the miscella (change of the solution character). Finally an algorithm was deducted which made possible to tax mathematically the quantity of extraction steps which is necessary for the desired reduction of the oil concentration in the extraction commodities.     

Untersuchungen zur Extraktion ölhaltiger Rohstoffe II Überprüfung des theoretischen Extraktionsmodells

Investigations of Extraction of Oil Containing Raw Materials II: Test of the Theoretical Extraction Model The theoretical model equation of the extraction process was tested. The used laboratory apparatus represented the model of one extractor step with pump circulation of the miscella up to the establishment of equilibrium. The velocity of the establishment of equilibrium during extraction of rape seed and sunflower granules was determined and objectively evaluated by means of the already deducted model equation. The validity of the equation was established. Simultaneously also the possibility was checked to determine the empirical constant which characterizes the extraction velocity at given laboratory model arrangement.     

Untersuchungen zur Extraktion ölhaltiger Rohstoffe III: Optimale Bedingungen des Extraktionsprozesses und ihre Ermittlung

Investigations for Extraction of Oil Containing Raw Materials III: Optimal Conditions of the Extraction Process and their Detection Some technological parameters of the percolation extraction of oil containing seed were objectively evaluated, basing on deducted and examined mathematical relations. As test material prepressed and granulated rape seed and sunflower seed were used. It was found out that the optimal granule size is within the scope of 1.6-3 mm; the extraction temperature using technical n-hexane is 45° C. The efficiency of the extraction decreases with increasing granule size. The optimal humidity of the extraction material with respect to the extraction velocity was 8-10 mass-%.     

Die Aufbereitung ölhaltiger Industriewaschwässer durch Mikrofiltration/Ultrafiltration

Processing of Oil Containing Industrial Wash Waters by Microfiltration/Ultrafiltration In the metal processing industry washing and rinsing procedures are necessary for cleaning of treated and refined article surfaces. The obtained waste waters are emulsions polluted by pigment dirt and oil, which may not be untreatedly fed into severage because of existing legal injection restrictions. Often ultrafiltration is applied for processing. The permeate of ultrafiltration contains parts of the wash-active substances. It can be reused in an advantageous way. This recycling has the additional advantage that the tax according to the law for waste water duty does no longer exist. Since for permeate recycling a higher oil content can be tolerated microfiltration was investigated besides ultrafiltration because higher flux and above all a higher yield for wash-active substances can be expected.     

Untersuchungen zur kontinuierlichen Hydrierung von Ölen und Fettsäuren I: Verlauf des Austausches der Rohstoffe

Investigations of the Continuous Hydrogenation of Oils and Fatty Acids I: Course of Raw Material Exchange The authors investigated the speed of exchange from one raw material to another during continuously hydrogenation in the system of trickling procedure of a continuous current reactor with solid catalyst layer. Pelletted Ni-catalyst with a Ni-content of 48.1% and a degree of reduction of 49% was used. The nearly complete exchange of sunflower oil for oleic acid and vice versa was reached by use of 2.5 to 3 fold acid or oil volume referred to catalyst layer volume.