共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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黄河下游滩区居民因特殊自然环境而形成了特定的心理活动、心理需求,这既影响到他们的生产与生活.又对政府在滩区的有关政策产生或积极或消极的影响。国家制定和实施滩区政策时,应根据滩区居民的心理需要.树立“以人为本,,的观念,在洪水淹没补偿、村台建设与搬迁、基层组织建设、外迁政策的落实等方面切实解决滩区居民的具体困难,并采取一系列综合措施促进滩区社会经济健康发展及人与自然的和谐。 相似文献
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对黄河下游滩区已搬迁居民的问卷调查结果显示:68.85%的搬迁居民对搬迁事件持积极乐观态度,79.70%的人对政府给予的搬迁支持表示感谢;75.76%的居民对搬迁政策的执行情况表示认可,对新的居住环境总体评价较好。群众的精神面貌也大为改观,对未来的发展充满希望。 相似文献
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黄河下游滩区居民因受特殊的自然地理位置、灾害环境的影响,生活保障程度差,贫困人口多。他们既是黄河水灾的受害者,也是维系黄河大堤以及大堤之外居民安危的贡献者。滩区的自然环境造就了滩区居民特有的心理特征.该心理特征势必影响滩区社会经济的发展乃至国家治理黄河诸多举措的实施。研究滩区居民心理状况.既是建设滩区社会主义新农村的需要,也是营造人与自然和谐相处局面以及维持黄河健康生命的需要。 相似文献
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黄河下游滩区既是行洪、滞洪和沉沙的重要区域,也是滩区189.5万群众赖以生存的家园,滩区经济社会发展与治河的矛盾已成为相关部门和鲁豫两省关注的焦点之一。系统总结了滩区在洪水泥沙处理中的作用、滩区滞洪沉沙功能变化、滩区分区运用调整可行性、滩区产业发展以及人口搬迁等方面的研究成果,指出当前研究面临的三大难题:一是未来黄河泥沙情势和滩区沉沙功能战略定位认识存在较大争议;二是大规模群众搬迁与可持续发展的关系异常复杂,单靠行政手段推动滩区群众全部搬迁以解决其可持续发展问题的必要性和可行性论证不足;三是滩区生态文明建设与下游防洪治理协同推进模式缺乏研究。提出了急需研究的重点内容,包括从战略层面加强滩区治理方向研究、从方案层面加强滩区不同治理方案影响研究、从技术层面加强下游水沙输移及河道演变关键技术和加强不同滩区发展优势与潜力研究等。 相似文献
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Aili Xie Pan Liu Shenglian Guo Xiaoqi Zhang Hao Jiang Guang Yang 《Water Resources Management》2018,32(1):179-193
Reservoirs play an important role in the exploitation and utilization of water resources, and the flood limited water level (FLWL) is a key parameter to balance flood control and conservation in reservoir operation. This study is aimed at joint operation of the reservoir and floodplains to improve floodwater utilization and enhance economic benefits. The net profits, namely the benefits from power generation and water supply minus the losses from the flood volume diverted to floodplains, are set as the objective function. To maximize the net profits, an optimization model is then proposed. Finally, a nonlinear optimization technique, the complex method, is used to find the optimal seasonal FLWL. The China’s Danjiangkou Reservoir (DR) is selected as a case study. The results show that the joint use of floodplains enables 2.0 m and 0.5 m increment of FLWLs in summer and autumn, respectively, compared to the conventional FLWLs. Since the increment of the FLWL decreases the reservoir flood storage by 0.44 billion m3, the flood volume need to be diverted to floodplains is increased by 0.54 billion m3 per year. Meanwhile, the power generation and water diversion are increased by 0.59% and 2.99%, respectively. The assurance probabilities of power generation, water diversion and minimum flow are also increased by 1.1%, 0.96% and 0.70%, respectively. As a result, the economic benefits can be increased by 0.037 billion USD per year. It is concluded that the reservoir seasonal FLWL can be improved by joint operation of reservoirs and floodplains, which is able to enhance economic benefits without increasing flood risks. Moreover, the increment of economic benefits could be shared by reservoir managers and residents that live in floodplains. This novel operating approach is helpful to the integrated water resources management. 相似文献
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台湾地区近年来经济发展促使国民对河川区域内土地利用及休闲游憩空间的需求也相应增加,为能适度开发该土地之经济价值,且在不影响河防安全之前提下,民众可依水利法及河川管理办法相关规定向河川管理机关申请许可使用,因此目前河川区域实际已是在多元利用中.本研究为探讨河川相关使用行为及亲水性活动之合适性,确立河川区域内使用行为评估体系,并运用多评准决策之分析阶层程序法(AHP),针对河防安全考虑、生态及自然环境维护及人文环境等条件提出一套评定量化的评估方法,建立评定各类许可使用行为对河防安全及河川环境维护之评估指数.研究结果显示,应用本文所提出之评估方法对于目前各种使用行为进行定性定量评估,显示评估后之指数分布情形,亦切实反应台湾河川目前实务管理现况情形. 相似文献
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河滩种树对行洪影响试验研究 总被引:30,自引:2,他引:30
对宽滩和窄滩河槽的过流能力以及滩地种树的漫滩水流水力特性进行了研究表明:像珠江三角洲网河这样的窄滩复式河槽,滩地种树对水位的影响不大,也不会影响滩地的槽蓄滞洪作用,但种树使滩地水流归槽,主槽流速增大;滩地种树的利和弊及对行洪的影响是多方面的,应视具体情况分析。 相似文献
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Rob H. G. Jongman 《河流研究与利用》1992,7(3):279-289
The floodplains of the lower Rhine are situated in a densely populated area of the Netherlands. Although they are used intensively the floodplains still fulfill important ecological functions. The lower Rhine is the downstream sedimentation zone of the River Rhine and its floodplains are characterized by river-transported vascular flora originating from southern and eastern Europe. Using multivariate methods data from previously published work and field data on grasslands and former river beds have been analysed to determine trends in ecological changes. The consequence of continued sedimentation and decreased erosion is an increased drying out of the floodplains. Excavation and recultivation of formerly excavated land does not reverse the losses in flora and vegetation. Statistically there is a negative relationship between the characteristic flora and recultivated land. The natural transversal river gradient also disappears, together with its characteristic ecological diversity. Aquatic environments in the floodplains have been changed completely since regulation work started in the 19th century. Most former river beds have disappeared due to silting up. Data on short-term vegetation succession confirm the long term analysis of map data. 相似文献