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非铺地建筑材料及制品释热性评价参数分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析了用燃烧增长速率指数评价非铺地建筑材料及制品释热性存在的问题,提出了用最大平均热释放速率指数作为非铺地建筑材料及制品释热性评价参数的建议。聚氨酯硬泡沫保温板、阻燃细木工板、未阻燃细木工板、橡塑保温板、阻燃胶合板和未阻燃胶合板等6种材料的单体燃烧试验结果与数据分析表明,燃烧增长速率指数往往会过高估计测试样品的释热性,最大平均热释放速率指数较好地反映了测试样品在整个受火过程中的释热性。 相似文献
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对经过表面阻燃处理的胶合板、聚苯乙烯板与柔性橡塑保温板三种制品分别进行建筑材料或制品的单体燃烧试验(SBI),并与未经阻燃处理的相同制品进行比对分析,以燃烧增长速率指数(FIGRA)、热释放量(THR)为主要评价参数,探讨表面阻燃处理对建筑材料燃烧性能的影响。 相似文献
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摘 要:通过锥形量热仪研究了喷涂油漆在薄金属表面的燃烧特性。选用35,50,65,80 kW/m2共4种热辐射强度,得到点燃时间、热释放速率、CO释放速率等参数。结果发现:薄金属表面油漆为典型的热薄型固体,点燃时间的倒数与热辐射强度呈线性关系。喷涂层数越多,引燃所需的热辐射强度越小,火灾危险性也越高,试验得到1层喷涂、2层喷涂和3层喷涂的临界热流强度分别约为30.8,10.0,5.0 kW/m2。热释放速率呈现出双峰特性,第一峰值和第二峰值随热辐射强度呈线性增长关系,且峰值随喷涂层数的增加而增加。CO释放速率则呈现出3个峰值。随着热辐射强度增加,各样品的火灾性能指数不断降低,火灾蔓延指数不断升高,火灾危险性增加。 相似文献
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吴芸 《消防技术与产品信息》2013,(8):103-106
在分析建筑有机保温材料火灾危险性的基础上,根据有机保温材料燃烧性能试验得到的热释放速率、燃烧热值、烟气释放速率、烟气毒性4个参数指标,建立了基于试验数据的有机保温材料火灾危险综合评价指标层次体系,并利用这4个参数对聚氨酯、橡塑海绵、挤塑板的火灾危险性逐项进行了比较。在此基础上采用AHP法原理对样品的火灾危险性进行了综合评价,结果表明,火灾综合危险性排序为聚氨酯〉橡塑海绵〉挤塑板。 相似文献
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对皮革服装的燃烧特性开展皮革服装全尺寸火灾试验和锥型量热计试验,得到皮革服装的热释放速率、CO和CO2的产生速率等燃烧特性参数,并以试验结果为基础计算分析了皮革服装商场的排烟量.结果表明,在10 kW/m2的辐射热通量下,皮革不会被引燃;皮革点燃后,会在较短时间内出现热释放速率峰值;在不同的辐射热通量下,单位面积总释放热量相当,平均CO、CO2生成率相当;随着辐射热通量的增加,皮革的平均比减光面积减小;皮革服装商场内机械排烟系统的排烟量可按78 m3/(h·m2)确定. 相似文献
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采用PyroSim建立红松林地表凋落物层大空间模型,对凋落物层的燃烧温度、热释放速率、烟气浓度等进行数值模拟。取红松林地表凋落物进行试验,探究其燃烧与蔓延过程。结果表明,红松林地表凋落物层燃烧时温度在100~490 ℃;随着高度增加,温度下降幅度由剧烈逐渐趋于平缓;燃烧150 s时,热释放速率HRR达到7.5×105 kW,且有继续上升趋势;燃烧烟气中CO2体积分数达8%~10%;火场内流动风速为2 m/s时,烟气体积分数下降65%左右。凋落物燃烧温度曲线与模拟结果相似,采用PyroSim软件能够近似地模拟红松林地表凋落物层燃烧的过程与发展趋势。 相似文献
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Jae Seong Roh Hong Sun Ryou Dong Hyeon Kim Woo Sung Jung Yong Jun Jang 《Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology incorporating Trenchless Technology Research》2007,22(3):262-271
Since the prediction of ‘critical velocity’ is important to control the smoke in tunnel fires, many researches have been carried out to predict critical velocity with various fire sizes, tunnel shape, tunnel slope, and so forth. But few researches have been conducted to estimate critical ventilation velocity for varied burning rate by longitudinal ventilation, although burning rate of fuel is influenced by ventilation conditions. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the difference of upstream smoke layer (e.g., backlayering) between naturally ventilated heat release rate and varied heat release rate by longitudinal ventilation.In this study, the 1/20 reduced-scale experiments using Froude scaling are conducted to examine the difference of backlayering between naturally ventilated heat release rate and varied heat release rate by longitudinal ventilation. And the experimental results obtained are compared with numerical ones. Three-dimensional simulations of smoke flow in the tunnel fire with the measured burning rates have been carried out using Fire Dynamics Simulator; Ver. 406 code, which is developed by National Institute of Standards and Technology. They show a good degree of agreement, even if some deviation in temperature downstream of the fire is evident. Since ventilation velocity had a greater enhancing effect on the burning rate of fuel due to oxygen supply effect, the critical ventilation velocity should be calculated on the basis of varied HRR by ventilation velocity. 相似文献
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An analysis of full-scale fire test experimental data is presented for a small compartment (3×3.6×2.3 m). A square steady fire source is placed in the center of the compartment. There is an open door and a horizontal opening in the roof, so that natural ventilation is established for the well-ventilated fire. A parameter study is performed, covering a range of total fire heat release rates (330, 440 and 550 kW), fire source areas (0.3×0.3 m and 0.6×0.6 m) and roof ventilation opening areas (1.45×1 m, 0.75×1 m and 0.5×1 m). The impact of the different parameters is examined on the smoke layer depth and the temperature variations in vertical direction in the compartment. Both mean temperatures and temperature fluctuations are reported. The total fire heat release rate value has the strongest influence on the hot smoke layer average temperature rise, while the influence of the fire source area and the roof opening is smaller. The hot smoke layer depth, determined from the measured temperature profiles, is primarily influenced by the fire source area, while the total fire heat release rate and the roof opening only have a small impact. Correlations are given for the hot smoke layer average temperature rise, the buoyancy reference velocity and the total smoke mass flow rate out of the compartment, as a function of the different parameters mentioned. Based on the experimental findings, it is discussed that different manual calculation methods, widely used for natural ventilation design of compartments in the case of fire, under-predict the hot layer thickness and total smoke mass flow rate, while the hot layer average temperature is over-estimated. 相似文献