催化剂载体FeCrAlY材料表面γ-Al2O3活性层的制备

本文介绍了用溶胶—凝胶法制备机动车尾气净化催化剂金属载体 Fe Cr Al Y材料表面γ- Al2 O3 活性层的工艺 ,根据热冲击循环中涂层重量变化讨论了在涂覆溶胶中加入无机类添加剂 ST及涂覆次数对涂层结合力的影响 ,用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)观察了涂层的表面形貌并分析了涂层脱落情况。     

聚合物稳定的Au-Pd/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂的还原方法及其催化性能的研究

以PVP为稳定剂，乙醇和K1BH4为还原剂制备了Au-Pd／TiO2-Al2O3催化剂，考察了还原剂对Au-Pd负载型双金属催化剂加氢脱硫性能的影响，并运用XRD，TPD，TPR等技术对催化剂进行表征。结果表明，以乙醇还原的Au-Pd／TiO2-AlO3催化剂的加氢脱硫活性较好。乙醇还原的Au-Pd／TiO2．Al2O3催化剂中Au-Pd之间及活性组分与载体之间的相互作用较强，形成Au-Pd，合金的晶粒较小，活性组分的分散度和活性表面积较大，反应活化能较低，这些均有利于催化剂活性的提高。     

新型SO2和NO吸附-催化剂La-Cu-Na-γ-Al2O3的制备

研究了新型SO2和NO吸附-催化剂La-Cu-Na-γ-Al2O3的制备条件,并用均匀设计法确定了La-Cu-Na-γ-Al2O3的组成.研究表明,当用分步等体积浸渍法制备La-Cu-Na-γ-Al2O3时,以Na2CO3、Cu(NO3)2和La(NO3)3为原料,在873K下空气中焙烧制备的含Na2CO3、CuO、La2O3的质量分数分别为8%、5%、5%的La-Cu-Na-γ-Al2O3,具有较好的低温(423K)同时吸附储存SO2和NO的能力.     

添加剂对超细α-Al2O3的制备及其性能影响

采用硫酸铝和碳酸铵为原料,通过沉淀法制备前驱体碱式碳酸铝铵,采用分散剂及添加剂(MC)防止粉体颗粒的团聚,着重考查了MC在干燥、煅烧过程中的作用.研究表明,MC能有效防止前驱体在干燥过程中的团聚,促进氧化铝在煅烧过程中的相变,大幅度降低了α-Al2O3的相变温度,同时还使颗粒维持在相对"动态"的煅烧状态,减轻了颗粒形成煅烧颈及其他硬团聚的趋势,从而改善了粉体颗粒的分散性能.BET及ICP分析结果表明,MC的引入还有利于产物α-Al2O3比表面积的提高,而且对煅烧产物的杂质元素含量没有影响,产物中氧化铝的质量分数高达99.97%.     

添加ZrO2-SiC复合粉体对Al2 O3 -C质耐火材料抗热震性能的影响

以电熔刚玉、天然石墨以及利用碳热还原法合成的ZrO2-SiC复合粉体为原料制备了Al2O3-C质耐火材料,研究了ZrO2-SiC复合粉体加入量对Al2O3-C质耐火材料抗热震性能的影响.结果表明:添加质量分数为4%的ZrO2-SiC复合粉体试样的显气孔率最低为18.8%;添加6%ZrO2-SiC复合粉体的试样,在1 200 ℃的温度下热震次数达到10次后,其表面并未出现明显裂纹,且其残余耐压强度为16.71 MPa,耐压强度保持率为40.9%,具有良好的抗热震性能.     

In含量对In-Ag-Ce-O/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂三效催化性能的影响

采用等体积浸渍法制备了以稀散金属In、过渡金属Ag和稀土金属Ce为活性组分,以γ-Al2O3为载体的三效催化剂。通过XRD、BET、SEM、N2吸附技术对In-Ag-Ce-O/γ-Al2O3催化剂的微观结构进行了表征,并考察了In含量(质量分数)对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,加入In之后,在XRD谱图中出现了AgInO2物相,使催化剂活性得以提高,但随着In含量的增加,催化剂的活性逐渐下降;由BET、SEM分析可知,In含量的增加,造成活性组分聚集,使其分散度降低,催化剂比表面积降低,催化活性随之下降。活性组分In含量为2%时,In-Ag-Ce-O/γ-Al2O3催化剂的三效催化活性最佳。     

载体改性对Ni/La2O2CO3催化乙醇水蒸气重整制氢的影响

分别用Zn和Ca改性复合La2O2CO3载体并负载Ni,制备Ni/La2O2CO3 (NL)、Ni/La2O2CO3-ZnO (NLZ)和Ni/La2O2CO3-CaO (NLC)催化剂,催化乙醇水蒸气重整制氢,并通过XRD、BET和程序升温还原(TPR)等技术对催化剂晶相、比表面积和综合性能进行分析.结果 表明,在3...     

制备方法对( Ce0.6Zr0.4O2)0.5(Al2O3)0.5储氧材料性能的影响

分别利用氨水共沉淀法和柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备稀土储氧材料( Ce0.6Zr0.4 O2)0.5(Al2 O3)0.5,并用XRD、BET、H2 - TPR、SEM和EDX等手段研究制备方法对(Ce0.6 Zr0.4 O2 )0.5( Al2O3 )0.5的晶相结构、比表面积、平均孔径、孔容、储氧性能、还原性能、样品各组分含量以及颗粒形貌的影响.结果表明两种方法制备样品均为立方晶相的CeO2 - ZrO2 - Al2 O3固溶体,无Al2O3的晶相.但与氨水共沉淀法比较,柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备样品的比表面积、孔容较大,储氧性、还原性和热稳定性能较高.SEM和EDX测试结果表明,氨水共沉淀法制备样品有明显的聚集现象,而柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备样品的颗粒粒径小,分布均匀,且原子组成更接近理论值.     

Sr掺杂对LaCoO3/γ-Al2O3催化剂结构和性能的影响

采用过饱和溶液浸渍法,在不同焙烧温度下制备了LaCoO3/γ-Al2O3煤蚅a0.8Sr0.2CoO3/γ-Al2O3催化剂并对其活性进行测试,利用XRD、BET等技术对样品进行了表征。焙烧温度<600℃,催化剂样品的比表面积相对较大,活性组分在载体Al2O3上分散度高,从而具有较高的活性,并且用Sr部分取代La制得La0.8Sr0.2CoO3/γ-Al2O3催化剂中,Sr的加入有助于钙钛矿的形成,可以促进催化活性的提高;焙烧温度≥600℃,催化剂样品的比表面积呈下降趋势,在载体Al2O3上所负载的LaCoO3或La0.8Sr0.2CoO3由于烧结而长大,造成分散度下降,催化活性变差,掺入Sr未能提高催化剂对甲苯的催化氧化活性,甚至会抑制催化活性。     

新型（不预硫化）Mo—Co／TiO2加氢转化催化剂的反应机理,制备和性能评价

主要详述新型（不预硫化）Ｍｏ－Ｃｏ／ＴｉＯ２ＨＤＳ催化剂的反应机理、制备和性能评价方法等。评价结果表明，新型催化剂与传统Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＨＤＳ催化剂相比具有不需预硫化和初活性、稳定性均高的特点。     

硬脂酸络合法制备ZrO2-Y2O3纳米粉

以硬脂酸为络合、分散剂,与无机锆、钇盐络合,制备了ZrO2-Y2O3纳米粉。用TG、DTA、XRD、TEM等方法对制备过程进行了表征。600℃煅烧后可得到粒径约为40nm的ZrO2-Y2O3纳米粉,粒子呈球形,粒度随焙烧温度的升高而增大。表明采用该法可获得ZrO2-Y2O3纳米粉,且能够有效地减少团聚现象的发生。     

Ni/Y_2O3-Al2O3 catalysts for hydrogen production from steam reforming of ethanol at low temperature

Y2O3-Al2O3 with different mole ratios of Y:Al were prepared by co-precipitation method. Catalysts Ni/Y2O3, Ni/Al2O3 and Ni/ Y2O3-Al2O3 were prepared by impregnation method. The result of BET showed that Al2O3 with relative high surface area was in favor of Ni distribution, whilst the TPR test demonstrated that composite support had appropriate synergistic effect between active constituent and sup-port, and NiO could be reduced more easily than loaded on the single support. H2-TPD test indicated that the catalyst NYA11 had lots of ac-tivity sites where H could be desorbed easily, which led to hydrogen-rich production over the catalyst. Composite support catalysts exhibited high activity for ethanol steam reforming (SRE), and the supported catalyst with composite of 1:1 mole ratio of Y:Al exhibited the optimum catalytic properties for SRE. Ethanol could be completely converted over catalyst NYA11 even at 450 °C, and there had no inactivation after 60 h continuous reaction, hydrogen yield appeared maximum 35.9% at 400 °C, and tended to increase with increasing H2O/EtOH molar ratio and feed flow rate.     

CuO/La2O3-Al2O3催化剂中CuO物种的迁移和高温固相反应

采用XRD、激光Raman光谱和TPR技术研究了CuO／La2O3-Al2O3催化剂中CuO高温迁移及固相反应。结果表明，800℃焙烧的CuO（20％）／La203（x％）-Al2O3催化剂，低La2O3负载量（5％和10％）时，La2O3（x％）-Al2O3载体表面即存在CuO和少量CuAl2O4；当La2O3负载量增大（≥20％）时，由于La2O3的阻止作用，使得CuO无法迁移到La2O3内层和Al2O3反应生成CuAl2O4，从而使CuO稳定存在于催化剂表层。高温焙烧（≥900℃），La2O3的隔离作用下降，从而导致生成CuAl2O4。     

CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3渣系脱磷行为

利用Factsage软件计算了Al2O3含量对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3四元渣系熔点和黏度的影响,并通过实验研究了在1 400℃时,CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3四元渣系对高磷铁水脱磷行为的影响.结果表明:渣中Al2O3的质量分数在3％～6％之间时,随着A12O3含量的增加,渣系的熔化温度迅速降低,进一步增加渣中的A12O3含量,渣系的熔化温度逐渐增加;Al2O3对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3渣系的黏度影响不大;渣中Al2O3的质量分数在3％～6％之间变化时,渣系脱磷能力变化不是很大,脱磷率维持在91％左右,进一步增加渣系中A12O3的量,脱磷率逐渐下降;Al2O3对脱磷率产生影响可能是其改变了炉渣中液相所占比例,进而影响磷从铁水中向液相渣的传质过程.     

Sulfur poisoning and regeneration of MnOx-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst for soot oxidation

MnOx-CeO2-Al2O3 mixed oxides were prepared by impregnating manganese and cerium precursors on alumina powders via a sol- gel deposition method. The oxide catalyst exhibited a poor resistance to sulfur dioxide after the treatment in 100 ppm SO2/air at 350 °C for 50 h. The formation of manganese sulfate and especially cerium sulfate reduced the availability of surface active metal oxides, blocked the pore structure and decreased the surface area of the catalyst. These changes in chemical and structural and textural properties resulted in a severe loss in the activities of the sulfated catalyst for NO and soot oxidation. The decomposition of sulfates was almost complete during the calcina-tion in air at 800 °C for 30 min, which partially recovered the surface active sites and the catalyst surface area despite the significant sintering of metal oxides. Consequently, the NOx-assisted soot oxidation activity of the catalyst was regenerated to some extent by the oxidation treatment.     

REO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3基熔渣盐酸浸出稀土的研究

以钕铁硼废料回收的REO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-FeO-B_2O_3多组元熔渣为原料,考察了盐酸用量、温度和时间在盐酸低温常压和高温高压两种情况下对稀土浸出率的影响。熔渣低温常压浸出较佳条件为:盐酸理论用量1.45倍、时间60min、温度85℃,稀土的浸出率为96%。熔渣高温高压浸出较佳的条件为:盐酸理论用量1.05倍、温度110~120℃、时间30min,稀土的浸出率高达98%。高温高压浸出不但能够降低盐酸用量,还可以大大缩短浸出时间。     

����������La2O3-Al2O3-CaF2����������Ũ��ģ��

In order to accurately control the rare earth content in liquid steel in electroslag remelting (ESR) process, according to the ion and molecule coexistence theory (IMCT) of slag structure and corresponding phase diagrams, a thermodynamic calculating model for the evaluation of mass action concentrations (designated by Ni for structure unit i) for La2O3-Al2O3-CaF2 slag system was formulated. The results show that the calculated values of NLa2O3 are in good agreement with the reported measured values, indicating that this calculating model can wholly embody the characteristics of the slag system. The activity of La2O3 decreases with the increasing of the Al2O3 and CaF2 content, and Al2O3 is stronger than CaF2 in decreasing the activity of La2O3. But the activity of La2O3 increase with the increasing in temperature at the composition range of 30% La2O3, 20% Al2O3, 50% CaF2. Above all, the activity of La2O3 in La2O3-Al2O3-CaF2 slag system can be quantitatively analyzed by this thermodynamic model, and this model can provide a theoretical basis for precisely controlling the lanthanum content in molten steel in ESR process.     

Nb2O5-Al2O3-MgO-Na2O-CaO-SiO2体系相平衡研究

为揭示Nb2O5-Al2O3-MgO-Na2O-CaO-SiO2多元含铌炉渣体系中的铌矿物的定向结晶规律,采用高温相平衡—冷淬—SEM-EDS/XRD/EMPA试验方法,考察了温度、钙硅比（CaO/SiO2）、Nb2O5含量等因素对炉渣相平衡关系的影响,并构建了含铌矿物结晶析出的优势相图。结果表明：铌的结晶矿物主要有三种,分别为Ca2Nb2O7、Ca(14-x)Nb(2+x)Si8O(35+1.5x)和3CaO?MgO?Nb2O5;铌先富集于液相,相较于脉石组分,含铌固相为后析出相;CaO/SiO2增加会使含铌固相优势区间发生从Ca2Nb2O7相到Ca(14-x)Nb(2+x)Si8O(35+1.5x)相、再到3CaO?MgO?Nb2O5相的转变。Ca2Nb2O7相的优势析晶区间为：温度1 050~1 200 ℃,C/S=0.8~1.2。Nb2O5在Ca(14-x)Nb(2+x)Si8O(35+1.5x)相中的嵌布质量浓度在18.5%~19.5%。     

Phosphorus Capacity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FexO Slag

The CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FexO slag occurs in the production process of Corex ironmaking technology.Most of its metallurgical properties,especially the phosphorus property,are different from the slag produced from blast furnace or converter.In order to explore the dephosphorization ability of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FexO slag,its phosphorus capacity was measured at 1 673 Kby gas-slag-metal equilibrium technique.An iron crucible was used as the reaction vessel,Ag alloy with 0.2% P was used as the metal phase which equilibrated with CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FexO slag,and a constant flow of CO-CO2-N2 gas was used to provide oxygen partial pressure in the experiment.The effects of MgO,FexO and basicity on slag phosphorus capacity were investigated by single factor test.The results show that the phosphorus capacity rises firstly and then decreases with increasing MgO content under the condition of basicity 1.3,FexO content of 2% and Al2O3 content of 12%.The phosphorus value reaches maximum as the MgO content is 8%.When the basicity of slag is 1.1,MgO content is 10%,and Al2O3 is 12%,the phosphorus capacity increases with the increase of FexO content.The phosphorus capacity rises linearly when the basicity is increased from 1.1to 1.5.     

Magnetic Properties and Activity of Pt-Er/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts

A series of Pt-Er/γ-Al2O3 catalysts containing 0.5%(mass fraction) platinum and 0.05%-1.5% Er were prepared by impregnation of γ-Al2O3 supported with different concentrations of erbium chloride solution. The surface properties of the catalysts were studied by methods of temperature programmed reduction and temperature programmed desorption. The magnetic behavior of Pt-Er-γ-Al2O3 catalysts were studied with a Faraday magnetic balance and the results show that the addition of Er can affect the surface properties, the catalytic activities, and magnetic behavior of the reforming catalysts. It is found that there is a corresponding relationship between the susceptibility and selectivity of Pt-Er-γ-Al2O3 catalysts. The experimental results show that Er plays the role of electron promoter.