工艺参数对聚丙烯/聚酰胺6共混物水辅助共注塑管件壁厚及性能的影响

基于自行搭建的水辅助共注塑实验平台,通过正交实验制备了系列水辅助共注塑管件,探究工艺参数对各层壁厚、拉伸性能及各相结晶的影响。结果表明,外层壁厚随着外层熔体温度、注水压力、内层熔体注射压力、模具温度增大而逐渐减小,随着熔体注射切换延迟时间、注水延迟时间增大而逐渐增大;内层壁厚随着注水延迟时间、内层熔体注射压力增大而逐渐增大,随着注水压力、模具温度增大而逐渐减小;管件拉伸强度随着外层熔体温度增大而逐渐减小,随着熔体注射切换延迟时间、注水延迟时间增大而逐渐增大;工艺参数会影响到成型壁厚及冷却进程,进而影响各相结晶度,最终影响管件性能。     

PP/PA6共混比例对其水辅助注塑管件性能及微观形态的影响

以聚丙烯 (PP)为基材,聚酰胺6(PA6)为分散相,制备了4种共混比例的PP/PA6复合材料,考察了共混比例对其水辅助注射成型技术（WAIM）管件拉伸强度及微观形态的影响。结果表明,试样拉伸强度随PA6含量增加先减小后增大;近模壁层和近水层的PA6分散相为大长厚比的长条状或长片状,中间层分散相为椭球状,且随PA6含量增加各层分散相有聚集长大的趋势;管件近模壁层和近水层的晶粒小而密且沿流动方向排列,而中间层晶粒相对更粗大;PP只形成了一种晶型,PA6形成了2种晶型;近水层和近模壁层PP结晶度高于中间层;PA6随其含量增加其结晶度有增大的趋势,且近模壁层结晶度较高。     

工艺参数对溢流法水辅注塑残余壁厚的影响

残余壁厚是影响短纤维增强复合材料水辅助注射成型塑件力学性能的重要指标,与工艺参数存在非线性关系。对溢流法水辅助注射成型进行了数值模拟,中心复合设计方法进行实验设计并获取了残余壁厚的样本数据,采用线性回归方法建立残余壁厚与工艺参数间的响应面多元二次代理模型,通过方差分析研究了残余壁厚对熔体温度、模具温度、延迟时间、注水压力及注水温度的敏感性,并分析参数交互作用对残余壁厚的影响。研究结果表明,注水压力、延迟时间及注水温度是影响残余壁厚的主要参数;随着注水压力的增大,残余壁厚值逐渐减小,但是,随着延迟时间的延长和注水温度的升高,残余壁厚值逐渐增大。     

方管短玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯高压水穿透行为研究

采用方形截面管件,以短玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯为原料,通过溢流法水辅助注射成型实验探究了熔体注射温度、注水延迟时间和注水压力等工艺参数对制件宏观现象的影响机理,并分析了高压水在方形管道中的穿透行为。结果表明,当熔体温度升高时,方管的直角边和斜边残余壁厚都呈减小趋势,但温度过高时会出现管件收缩现象,管件截面中空面积增大且截面形状与高压水的穿透前沿形状一致,偏圆形,但截面的圆率逐渐减小;当注水压力增加时,管件残余壁厚减小,截面中空面积增大,其截面形状随着注水压力的增加逐渐与型腔结构一致,偏方形;当注水延迟时间增加时,管件残余壁厚增大,中空截面减小且管件截面形状也与高压水前穿透前沿一致,偏圆形,但相较另外两个参数,注水延迟时间对方管件的影响程度更小,因而对截面的圆率影响不大。     

工艺参数对水辅注塑弯管壁厚的影响

利用华南理工大学自主研发的注水系统和水辅注塑弯管模具,研究了熔体温度、模具温度、注水延迟时间、熔体注射量、注水压力、注水温度、熔体注射速率和熔体注射压力等8个水辅成型主要工艺参数对聚丙烯制品壁厚偏差率的影响,并分析了影响机理。结果表明,部分工艺参数对于制品弯曲段的壁厚偏差率有影响;增加注水延迟时间,降低注水压力和模具温度,短射填充区的制品壁厚的偏差率有所减小;提高熔体温度,壁厚偏差率的波动幅度增大。     

不同截面型腔的溢流法流体辅助注塑工艺的实验分析

基于自行构建的流体辅助注塑实验平台,对5种不同截面型腔管件的溢流法气体辅助注塑(GAIM)和水辅助注塑(WAIM)进行了实验研究。研究了辅助介质对管件流体穿透截面形状、残余壁厚大小和流体穿透率的影响规律以及工艺参数对流体穿透率的影响规律,并分析了其影响机理。实验发现:气体的穿透截面趋于型腔截面形状,水的穿透截面趋于圆形;GAIM的五截面管件的最小残余壁厚均大于WAIM,最大残余壁厚均随着内切圆圆心到壁面的最大距离的减小而减小;气体的穿透率较水的穿透率小,均随着圆率的增加而增加,随气体/水注射压力的增加而增加,随气体/水注射延迟时间的增加而减小,随熔体注射温度的增加而有所增加。这些发现为GAIM和WAIM制品截面设计及工艺参数调节提供了参考。     

薄壁塑件注射压缩成型热残余应力仿真研究

使用Moldflow MPI/Injection-compression模块对薄壁塑件顺序注射压缩成型工艺进行了仿真,采用单因素试验研究了熔体温度、模具温度、延迟时间、压缩距离、压缩速度、压缩压力和保压压力对脱模后热残余应力的影响。仿真结果表明,顺序注射压缩成型薄壁制件热残余应力分布规律与常规注射成型相似,但是前者热残余应力较小且沿流动方向更为均匀;热残余应力随熔体温度、模具温度、压缩距离、压缩速度的增加而减小,随延迟时间和保压压力的增加而增大;压缩压力大于熔体流动阻力后,继续增大压缩力对热残余应力无影响。     

溢流法水辅注塑中注水参数对水穿透的影响分析

借助外挂有自主研发的注水系统及模具的注塑系统,采用单因素法实验分析了注水压力、注水温度和注水延迟时间等注水参数对水穿透及产品品质的影响规律及机理。研究发现,注水压力越大,试样残余壁厚越薄,内壁面也更加的光亮;低注水压力下,水的穿透容易出现界面不稳定现象,注水压力越高,水的穿透居中性越好;注水温度对试样残余壁厚的影响不明显;注水延迟时间增加,试样残余壁厚增加,且能有效削弱低注水压力下水穿透的界面不稳定现象。     

ZnCl_2改性低熔点PA6的结晶及力学性能研究

利用熔融共混法制备了不同氯化锌(ZnCl_2)用量下的聚酰胺6(PA6)/ZnCl_2复合材料,分别采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、动态力学分析仪(DMA)、电子拉伸机等对不同ZnCl_2用量下PA6/ZnCl_2复合材料的结晶行为及力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:随着ZnCl_2用量的增加,PA6/ZnCl_2复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当ZnCl_2质量分数为5%时,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别达到最大值70.39 MPa和64.71 MPa,较纯PA6分别增加了7.5%和降低了28%;随着ZnCl_2用量的增加,PA6/ZnCl_2复合材料的玻璃化转变温度逐渐增大,结晶能力下降,结晶度减小,结晶度由原来的34%变为13%。     

注水参数对水辅助注射成型充填过程影响的数值模拟

建立水辅助注射成型二维、瞬态、非定常流动模型,采用黏度幂律模型,在k ω湍流模型下,充分考虑注射水的湍流特性以及熔体前沿的喷注效应,采用有限体积法（VOF）对充填过程中的注水速度、注水温度和注水延迟时间等注水控制参数的影响进行数值模拟。结果表明,注水速度的增加会增加水在熔体中的穿透长度,并且会减小残余壁厚;注水温度对水的穿透长度和残余壁厚的影响均不显著;随着注水延迟时间的增长,水的穿透长度和残余壁厚均有增加的趋势。     

Residual wall thickness of water‐powered projectile‐assisted injection molding pipes

Water‐powered projectile‐assisted injection molding (W‐PAIM) is an innovative molding process for the production of hollow shaped polymer parts. The W‐PAIM utilizes high pressure water as a power to drive a solid projectile to displace the molten polymer core to form the hollow space. The residual wall thickness (RWT) and its distribution are the important quality criteria. The experimental and numerical investigations were conducted. Experimental specimens showed that the RWT of a W‐PAIM pipe was much thinner than that of a water‐assisted injection molding pipe. The cross‐section size of the projectile defined the basic penetration section size. The software FLUENT was used to obtain the instantaneous distributions of the flow field, which revealed the forming mechanism of the RWT. The experiments indicated that the processing parameters, such as melt temperature, melt injection pressure, mold temperature, and water injection delay time had obvious effects on the RWT, while the water pressure had little effect on it. The RWT of curved pipes was thin at the inner concave side while thick at the outer convex side. The RWTs at the bend portion are influenced by the deflection angle and bending radius, which is due to the pressure difference between the two sides. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:295–303, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers     

基于响应面法的水辅助共注塑管件的工艺参数优化

以最小总壁厚及内层壁厚为目标,基于响应面法（RSM）对成型工艺参数进行优化。由单因素实验确定总壁厚和内层熔体壁厚的主要影响因素;由Plackett Burman试验确定关键因素;再通过Box Behnken试验设计和响应面法分析与优化,获得最小总壁厚和内层熔体壁厚的工艺条件为：注水压力7.5 MPa,注水延迟时间2s,内层熔体温度215℃;在优化条件下,利用Design-expert模型预测总壁厚和内层壁厚与实验结果吻合较好,表明响应面法能够优化水辅助共注塑管件最小壁厚的工艺参数。     

Prediction of process parameters of water-assisted injection molding based on inverse radial basis function neural network

Because of the introduction of new processing parameters in water-assisted injection molding (WAIM), processes control has become more difficult. First, design of experiment (DOE) was carried out by using optimized Latin hypercubes (Opt LHS). On the basis of this, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to simulate and calculate hollowed core ratios and wall thickness differences of cooling water pipe at different positions. Then inverse radial basis function (RBF) neural network model reflecting the fitting relationship between processing parameters and molding quality was established, and accuracy of the model was detected by cross validation. Finally, expected molding quality was applied to predict processing parameters, and the obtained molding quality under the predicted processing parameters was verified by computer aided engineering (CAE) simulation and experimental methods. The results showed that mean relative precisions of processing parameters such as melt temperature, delay time, short shot size, water pressure, and mold temperature for inverse RBF model were 98.6%, 93.6%, 98.5%, 93.9%, and 97.9%, respectively, which met the accuracy requirements. Furthermore, compared with expected values of hollowed core ratios and wall thickness differences, the average errors of CAE and experiment were 2.3% and 4.9%, respectively.     

气辅注射成型圆管制品中空率

气体辅助注射成型的工艺参数与最后制件的中空程度有直接的关系。采用计算机模拟技术;分析了熔体温度、模具温度、气体延迟时间、预注射量和进气压力对中空率的影响。得到预注射量和进气压力对中空率的变化最为敏感;熔体温度升到一定范围后对中空率没有影响;对于圆管制件;气体延迟时间对中空率影响不明显的结论。     

注射工艺条件对抗冲共聚聚丙烯力学性能的影响

用注塑成型方法制备了抗冲嵌段共聚聚丙(烯PP-B)试样,研究了工艺条件的改变对PP-B力学性能的影响。结果表明:注射速率和模具温度与PP-B弯曲强度、弯曲模量成正相关,而与冲击强度、拉伸强度的关系较为复杂;模具温度的升高有利于结晶度的提高,PP-B刚性上升,韧性下降;注射速率改变引起的剪切、拉伸流动使熔体发生取向流动,从而使沿取向方向上的强度升高,垂直取向方向上的强度降低;保压压力对PP-B性能的影响主要是通过熔体非晶部分在保压阶段的分子定向作用来实现的,随着保压时间的延长,PP-B塑件密度提高缺,陷减少拉,伸强度弯、曲模量呈增大趋势。     

Experimental study on the penetration interfaces of pipes with different cross‐sections in overflow water‐assisted coinjection molding

The residual wall thicknesses (RWT) of the skin and the inner layers are important quality indicators of water‐assisted co‐injection molding (WACIM) parts. The influences of the shape of the cavity cross section and the processing parameters, including the water pressure, water delay time, inner melt temperature, and inner melt flow rate, on the penetration of the inner melt and water were explored via experiments. The results showed that the shape of the penetration section of the inner melt was closer to the cavity section with round corners, while that of the water ended up being round. Both the penetration ratios of the inner melt and the water increased proportionally with increasing circle ratio. Both the minimum values of the total RWT and the inner melt RWT increased with increasing circle ratio. Both the maximum values of the total RWT and the inner melt RWT increased with increasing Max_D, which is the maximum distance between the inscribed circle center and the wall. Both the penetration ratios of the inner melt and the water increased with increasing water pressure, decreased with increasing water delay time, and increased with increasing inner melt flow rate and increasing inner melt temperature. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 132, 42866.     

在单方向往复低剪切力场中生成双向自增强HDPE试样的研究——(Ⅰ)试样制备及工艺条件对力学性能的影响

介绍在动态保压注塑成型技术提供的单方向往复低剪切应力场作用下来制备双向自增强试样。作者设计并制造了成型装置，初步研究了其成型原理、成型工艺、探讨了自增强效果与各工艺条件之间的关系。结果表明，采用本文所述的动态保压注塑成型技术显著提高了ＨＤＰＥ试样的力学性能——流动方向和垂直流动方向的拉伸强度均从２５ＭＰａ提高到３６ＭＰａ以上，达到了双向自增强的效果。自增强ＨＤＰＥ试样的拉伸强度强烈依赖于熔体的流动条件：流动方向的拉伸强度随液压站输出压力的提高而提高，垂直流动方向的拉伸强度则有一个对应最大拉伸强度的液压站输出压力；模具温度对拉伸强度的影响与压力对拉伸强度的影响相类似；熔体温度的提高有利于两个方向拉伸强度的提高；保压周期太长或太短均会使拉伸强度下降。