表面结构对金属/塑料复合注射成型界面结合强度的影响

通过一种简易化学清洗和腐蚀的方式,在金属表面获得微米级孔洞,并采用复合注射成型将金属和聚合物结合。通过溶液处理金属铝片时间变化得到不同尺度的表面微结构,研究表面微观结构对界面结合强度的影响规律。结果表明,经过盐酸处理过的金属铝表面表现出密集的微米级孔洞,随着腐蚀时间的增加,金属表面微孔孔径和微孔密度先增大后减小,界面结合剪切强度在孔径和孔密度的共同影响下先增大后减小,最大值为10.24 MPa;这一金属表面处理方式在汽车内饰、建筑装饰、电子产品外壳等领域提供工程化应用理论基础。     

纳米Al2O3改性树脂基复合材料及体育应用性能

针对传统树脂基复合材料力学性能差,抗冲击性低等问题,以纳米Al₂O₃、CFF和PA6为原料,采用传统叠层模压的方式,制备一种体育器材用的层压板,并对制备层压板的力学性能和最佳工艺进行了探讨。结果表明,在模压温度230℃,热压压力3MPa,保压时间15min的条件下,制备的层压板力学性能最佳,其弯曲强度、层间剪切强度和缺口冲击强度分别达到250.3MPa、87.1MPa和56.1MPa;在加入6%（wt）的纳米Al₂O₃后,层压板弯曲强度和垂直于纤维铺层方向的冲击强度分别在最佳力学性能基础上达到387.6MPa和80.3MPa。     

尼龙12/OMMT纳米复合粉末的制备及性能

利用十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(OTAB)对蒙脱土(MMT)进行有机改性,并通过溶液插层法制备尼龙12/有机蒙脱土(PA12/OMMT)纳米复合粉末。利用X射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜等手段对改性后的MMT及PA12/OMMT纳米复合粉末的结构和微观形貌进行表征,并将复合粉末热压成型制成标准件,测试其力学性能和热性能。结果表明,经过有机改性,MMT的层间距由1.24 nm增加到了2.13 nm,且改性后的MMT能均匀地分散在PA12基体中,PA12/OMMT纳米复合粉末的成型件在拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度和热性能方面都优于纯PA12粉末。PA12/OMMT纳米复合粉末为选择性激光烧结技术(SLS)提供了一种性能良好的粉末材料。     

固相剪切碾磨制备PA6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料

采用固相剪切碾磨方法制备尼龙6/蒙脱土(PA6/MMT)纳米复合材料。表征了复合材料的结构,研究了其力学性能、热稳定性能及结晶性能。结果表明,PA6/MMT纳米复合材料的力学性能较PA6有较大提高,含4%MMT的PA6/MMT纳米复合材料的拉伸弹性模量从2697 MPa提高到3299 MPa,拉伸强度从63.6 MPa提高到77.8MPa;起始分解温度和最大失重温度均高于纯PA6;PA6/MMT纳米复合材料中PA6的结晶温度和结晶速率提高。     

硅烷偶联剂对ZnO/PA6复合材料力学性能的影响

以硅烷偶联剂KH550和KH560为改性剂对ZnO粉体进行表面改性,KH550带有氨基团,KH560带有环氧基团,通过HAAKE双螺杆混合机制备ZnO/PA6复合材料。红外光谱证实改性后两种偶联剂均与ZnO表面发生了化学键和;结果表明经偶联剂改性的氧化锌比未改性的氧化锌能更好的提高PA6的拉伸强度,而且在ZnO的添加量为2%～3%时对PA6力学性能的改善达到一个最佳效果。     

MWNTs增强PA6纳米纤维透光复合材料的制备

利用同轴共纺技术制备PMMA/PA6壳芯结构的复合纳米纤维,在芯层PA6纤维中添加经过表面处理的MWNTs,并且利用热压成型技术将壳层的PMMA部分熔融成为透光复合材料的树脂基体,而PA6纤维成为纤维增强体.由于PA6纤维中MWNTs的存在,PA6纤维的力学性能明显提高,作为透光复合材料的纤维增强体进一步提高了复合材料的拉伸性能,同时基本保持了原有的PMMA/PA6透光复合材料的可见光透过率.     

304不锈钢表面纳米孔结构的制备及其表征

通过对304不锈钢表面进行喷丸/退火处理后,利用阳极氧化工艺在不锈钢表面制备出纳米孔结构.结果表明:经过喷丸/退火后的304不锈钢表面所生成的纳米孔为金属氧化物,类蜂窝状结构,分布密集,且孔径仅为10 nm.     

基于金属模板热压微模塑制备聚烯烃超疏水表面

超疏水表面如薄膜由于具有重要应用前景而广受关注,但目前仍缺少能够经济、大规模制备方法.本研究先用不同配比的蚀刻液分别对不锈钢、黄铜、铝合金表面进行可控刻蚀,得到具有适当粗糙度的系列金属表面,再以此金属表面为模板,通过热压微模塑-拉伸工艺制得了聚烯烃超疏水表面,接触角大于150°,滚动角小于5°.扫描电镜照片显示超疏水表...     

无机填料对PA6/MCA阻燃复合材料性能的影响

研究了不同种类的无机填料(硅灰石、碳酸钙)对尼龙6(PA6)/三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)阻燃复合材料性能的影响。阻燃性能测试结果表明,PA6/MCA/硅灰石阻燃复合材料为UL94 V–0级,比PA6/MCA阻燃复合材料(V–2级)有显著提高;然而PA6/MCA/碳酸钙阻燃复合材料的极限氧指数却有所下降。扫描电子显微镜测试分析表明,PA6/MCA/硅灰石阻燃复合材料燃烧后的表面炭层呈连续、致密状;PA6/MCA/碳酸钙阻燃复合材料的表面炭层有很多孔洞,且孔洞直径大。傅立叶变换红外光谱测试结果表明,PA6/MCA/硅灰石阻燃复合材料的表面炭层与Si O2能很好地结合,形成致密的保护层,致使其阻燃性能显著提高。另外,力学性能测试结果表明,硅灰石能够提高PA6/MCA阻燃复合材料的拉伸强度,但降低了缺口冲击强度,而碳酸钙的加入却使得PA6/MCA阻燃复合材料的综合力学性能有所下降。     

尼龙6/纳米三氧化二锑性能的研究

采用等离子体法生产的纳米三氧化二锑制备阻燃尼龙6(PA6),并通过氧指数(LOI)、锥形量热及TEM等检测,研究了纳米三氧化二锑对PA6阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当纳米三氧化二锑质量分数为6%时,LOI可达30%;热释放速率峰值减小了60 kW/m2,且达到峰值的时间较纯PA6延迟了约2 min;硅烷偶联剂KH-550改性的纳米三氧化二锑在PA6中的弥散度比未改性的高。与未改性纳米三氧化二锑相比,经过表面改性后,材料的拉伸强度提高60.7%、缺口冲击强度提高14.8%、弯曲强度提高36.8%、弯曲模量提高39.6%。     

Study on integrally molded PA6/304 stainless steel by micro-nano pressing technology

With application of micro-nano pressing technology (MNPT) polyamide 6 (PA6) and 304 stainless steel were integrally molded, and the mechanical properties and structure on the interface of plastic and metal were investigated in the study. The micro structures on the stainless steel specimen surface were achieved by physical and/or chemical surface treatment techniques including polishing and etching methods, respectively. The tensile shear strength and work of fracture for the integrally molded specimen were influenced greatly by the surface treatment on stainless steel. The maximal tensile shear strength and the fracture work for the MNPT molded sample reached up to ca. 11?MPa and 17?KJ/m², respectively. In addition, the interface fractography of the MNPT molded specimen was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). These results indicated PA6 melt flew into the micro and/or nano holes on the chemical etched metal surface during hot press molding to form micro mechanical interlock structure to prepare strong MNPT molded samples.     

不锈钢模具板化学蚀刻、抛光和电镀铬研究

研究了不锈钢模具板的化学蚀刻、化学抛光和电镀铬工艺。分析了影响蚀刻、化学抛光和电镀铬质量的因素,得到了化学蚀刻、化学抛光及电镀铬最佳工艺参数和操作规范。该工艺可以用于各种类型不锈钢的化学蚀刻、化学抛光和电镀铬处理。     

耐腐蚀超疏水超亲油不锈钢网的制备及其在油水分离过程中的应用

以不锈钢网为基底,通过化学刻蚀法制备微米级粗糙表面,通过一步浸泡法将st9ber法制得的疏水亲油纳米Si O2颗粒沉积到粗糙的不锈钢网表面,制备了具有微纳二级粗糙结构的超疏水超亲油不锈钢网。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和接触角测量仪(CA)表征了超疏水超亲油不锈钢网的表面形貌、化学组成和润湿性能,并将其用于油水分离过程中。结果表明,疏水亲油纳米Si O2颗粒成功的沉积到不锈钢网表面;水滴在超疏水超亲油不锈钢网上的接触角最大为151°,煤油的接触角为0°;制备的超疏水超亲油不锈钢网不仅能高效的分离不同种类油和水的混合物,还能高效的分离油和腐蚀性液体(强酸或强碱水溶液)的混合物,其耐腐蚀特性可满足复杂环境下的油水分离要求。     

磷酸在不锈钢表面处理中的应用

介绍了磷酸在不锈钢抛光、化学着色、蚀刻、电解除氧化皮、磷化、钝化及表面清洗中的应用。     

PPy/CS复合电极热压成型条件的优化

以壳聚糖（CS）和聚吡咯（PPy）制备的复合材料为活性基体,在不添加黏结剂的条件下,采用热压成型法制备复合电极。重点考察了不同导电剂对电极力学性能的影响,热压温度、成型压力、热压时间及不同种类活性炭对电极电化学性能的影响规律。结果表明：通过热压法不添加黏结剂能够获得性能优良的复合电极;以活性炭为导电剂的电极溶胀性和亲水性最好,且活性炭的比表面积越大电极的电化学性能越好;电极热压成型的最优条件为：热压温度150℃、成型压力10 MPa、热压时间20 min。     

Mechanical properties study of micro‐ and nano‐hydroxyapatite reinforced ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composites

This is a comparative study between ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) reinforced with micro‐ and nano‐hydroxyapatite (HA) under different filler content. The micro‐ and nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites were prepared by hot‐pressing method, and then compression strength, ball indentation hardness, creep resistance, friction, and wear properties were investigated. To explore mechanisms of these properties, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectrum, wettability, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry analysis were carried out on the samples. The results demonstrated that UHMWPE reinforced with micro‐ and nano‐HA would improve the ball indentation hardness, compression strength, creep resistance, wettability, and wear behavior. The mechanical properties for both micro‐ and nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites were comparable with pure UHMWPE. The mechanical properties of nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites are better compared with micro‐HA/UHMWPE composites and pure UHMWPE. The optimum filler quantity of micro‐ and nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites is found to be at 15 wt % and 10 wt %, separately. The micro‐ and nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites exhibit a low friction coefficient and good wear resistance at this content. The worn surface of HA/UHMWPE composites shows the wear mechanisms changed from furrow and scratch to surface rupture and delamination when the weight percent of micro‐ and nano‐HA exceed 15 wt % and 10 wt %. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 42869.     

Silicon Carbide Platelet/Alumina Composites: I, Effect of Forming Technique on Platelet Orientation

SiC-platelet-reinforced Al₂O₃-matrix composites were made by three different forming techniques, i.e., slip casting, tape casting, and dry compaction of a granulated powder. All samples were densified with hot pressing at 1650°C and 25 MPa for 0.5 h. The orientation of SiC platelets in the composites was studied before and after hot pressing using optical microscopy and a pole figure X-ray device. X-ray diffraction of the (0006) plane of silicon carbide (6H) was used to analyze the degree of preferred orientation. It was found that both tape casting and die pressing could give rise to preferred orientation in green bodies with the faces of SiC platelets parallel to the tape faces or perpendicular to the pressing direction, respectively. The preferred orientation in die-pressed samples also showed an increase with the increase of the compaction stress; however, this reached a saturation level at about 70 MPa in a similar way to the green density. Samples formed by slip casting gave a platelet orientation close to a random one in the green body. After hot pressing, preferred orientation was observed in both slip-cast and tape-cast samples with the faces of SiC platelets perpendicular to the direction of hot pressing. The effect of platelet size on the orientation was also investigated. The preferred orientation in platelet composites was found to yield higher toughness than the random state.     

新型不锈钢化学抛光剂工艺研究

叙述了一般不锈钢化学抛光溶液的基本类型和在实际应用中存在的问题。着重论述MW－6不锈钢化学抛光剂的工艺研究过程、工艺条件、质量指标及检测方法，同时介绍了它与传统不锈钢化学抛光剂的比较，经验价值，表面质量控制，应用领域及应用前景。     

Mechanical and electrochemical behavior of nanocrystalline surface of 304 stainless steel

This paper reports our recent studies on nanocrystalline surface layer of 304 stainless steel (304SS) produced using a sandblasting and annealing process. The grain size of the sandblasted surface layer was less than 20 nm. Mechanical and electrochemical properties of the nanocrystalline surface and its passive film were investigated using nano/micro/-indentation, micro-scratch, scanning Kelvin probe (SKP), potentiodynamic scanning and electrochemical scratch techniques. It was demonstrated that the nanocrystalline surface was markedly superior to that of original 304SS with enhanced passive film. The polarization, electrochemical scratch and SKP measurements indicated that the nanocrystalline surface had higher resistance to corrosion, greater capability of repassivation and higher chemistry stability. All results demonstrated that the nanocrystallization surface did not only enhance the mechanical properties of the surface layer and its passive film, but also benefited the passivation capability of the steel with improved corrosion resistance.     

微纳层叠共挤PP/PA6/CNTs原位微纤复合膜的制备及性能研究

采用双转子连续混炼挤出机与微纳层叠共挤出成型设备制备了聚丙烯/聚酰胺6/碳纳米管（PP/PA6/CNTs）复合材料和原位微纤复合膜,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、流变仪、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、万能拉伸试验机及电阻测试仪对其微观结构、流变性能、结晶性能、力学性能和导电性能进行了表征。结果表明,与共混相比,微纳层叠共挤出法使得分散相PA6/CNTs形成了微纤,微纤的形成不仅提升了复合膜的动态流变性能,并且增加了基体PP相的结晶度,提高了PA6相的结晶温度,提升了复合膜的结晶性能;当CNTs含量为0.5 %（质量分数,下同）时,复合膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均达到最大值,分别为42.17 MPa和857.82 %,体积电阻率（R）下降到10⁴ Ω·cm,综合力学性能和导电性能达到最佳。