GF增强PPS复合材料的制备及性能

采用熔融共混工艺和熔融浸渍分别制备了短玻璃纤维增强聚苯硫醚复合材料（PPS/SGF）和长玻璃纤维增强聚苯硫醚（PPS/LGF）复合材料,并对复合材料的力学性能和耐热性能进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,在玻璃纤维质量分数为30%时,PPS/SGF和PPS/LGF复合材料的拉伸强度分别为110 MPa和122 MPa;弯曲强度分别为175 MPa和208 MPa;弯曲弹性模量分别为8 GPa和9 GPa;缺口冲击强度和无缺口冲击强度分别为7.7,11.9 kJ/m²和31,37 kJ/m²。PPS/LGF复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量、缺口冲击强度和无缺口冲击强度相较于PPS/SGF复合材料分别提高了11.0%,18.9%,11.3%,54.5%和19.4%。PPS/SGF和PPS/LGF复合材料的热变形温度分别达到250℃和275℃,PPS/LGF复合材料的热变形温度高于PPS/SGF复合材料热变形温度10%。     

热氧老化对PA10T/GF复合材料性能及使用寿命的影响

用玻璃纤维(GF)对聚对苯二甲酰葵二胺(PA10T)进行改性得到PA10T/GF复合材料,通过控制熔融共混过程中GF的长度制备短GF增强PA10T(PA10T/SGF)复合材料和长GF增强PA10T(PA10T/LGF)复合材料。采用人工加速老化实验,研究热氧老化对PA10T/GF复合材料力学性能的影响,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对PA10T/GF复合材料的冲击断面以及表面形貌进行分析,并预测了PA10T/GF复合材料的使用寿命。结果表明,PA10T/LGF复合材料的拉伸、弯曲强度以及缺口冲击强度较PA10T/SGF复合材料的高;在240℃下热氧老化50 d后,与PA10T/LGF复合材料相比,PA10T/SGF复合材料具有更好的耐老化性能;SEM分析表明,PA10T/GF复合材料的热氧老化机理主要是由于PA10T树脂的降解所引起的PA10T与GF界面作用的削弱;而通过寿命预测发现当使用温度为150℃时,PA10T/LGF和PA10T/SGF复合材料的使用寿命分别为101 d和86 d,在温度低于172℃时,PA10T/LGF复合材料比PA10T/SGF复合材料具有更长的使用寿命。     

长玻璃纤维增强热塑性复合材料研究

分别制备了长玻璃纤维(LGF)、短玻璃纤维(SGF)增强聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚酰胺(PA)6复合材料,研究了基体树脂粘度、口模类型、GF类型及喂料速度对复合材料力学性能、热性能的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜观察了注塑试样断面形貌及LGF在树脂基体中的分布状态.结果表明,基体树脂的粘度越大,对复合材料的力学性能影响越大;在相同GF含量下,LGF增强PPS、PA6复合材料的热变形温度普遍高于SGF增强PPS、PA6复合材料;LGF增强复合材料抵御裂纹开裂的能力提高.     

耐水解玻璃纤维增强尼龙66的制备及性能研究

制备了长玻璃纤维（LGF）和短玻璃纤维（SGF）增强尼龙66（PA66）,考察了GF、GF分散剂、耐水解改性剂（MPP）对增强PA66性能的影响。结果表明,选择SGF可获得较好力学性能和表面质量的增强PA66;随着SGF含量的增加,材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度有大幅度的提高,冲击强度则先升高后降低;GF分散剂的加入改善了材料的表面质量;MPP的加入使材料的耐水解性有明显提高。     

长玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料力学性能的研究

研究以聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)和聚烯烃弹性体接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)为界面相容剂的长玻璃纤维增强尼龙6(LGF/PA 6)复合材料的力学性能,并与短玻璃纤维增强尼龙6(SGF/PA 6)复合材料的力学性能进行对比。结果表明:LGF/PA 6复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量均随着玻璃纤维含量的增加呈直线上升趋势,玻璃纤维质量分数达到40%时,增强效果十分显著;在添加相同含量的玻璃纤维时,LGF/PA 6复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量低于SGF/PA 6复合材料;2种复合材料的冲击强度均随着玻璃纤维含量的增加呈非线性增加,当添加相同含量的玻璃纤维时,LGF/PA 6复合材料的冲击强度高于SGF/PA 6复合材料;两种界面相容剂均改善了玻璃纤维与PA 6的界面性能,显著提高了复合材料的冲击强度,其中添加PP-g-MAH的LGF/PA 6复合材料的冲击强度的提高高于添加POE-g-MAH的,但拉伸强度和弯曲强度均有不同程度降低,其中添加POE-g-MAH的LGF/PA 6复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量下降得较为明显。     

高韧高强聚酮/聚酰胺66共混物的制备与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚酮（PK）/聚酰胺66（PA66）共混物,通过扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪、冲击试验机和电子万能试验机等研究了PK/PA66共混物的形态结构、结晶与力学性能。结果表明,当PA66含量较低时,PA66分散相粒径较小,且分布较均匀,PK/PA66（质量比为80/20）共混物的干态冲击强度达到29.5 kJ/m2,湿态下冲击强度为纯PK的4倍,同时共混物拉伸强度及弯曲模量也明显提高;但当PA66含量较高时,PA66相区尺寸明显增大,PK/PA66共混物的冲击强度呈下降的趋势;PA66的引入会显著降低PK的结晶度。     

PA66/RTMB/GF复合材料的结构与力学性能研究

采用玻璃纤维(GF)、反应性增韧母料(RTMB)与PA66热机械反应性共混制备出了PA66/RTMB/GF复合材料.用IR、SEM、力学性能测定等方法研究了PA66/RTMB/GF复合材料的化学结构、断面形态及力学性能.结果表明:PA66/RTMB/GF中RTMB、GF和PA66间形成了化学键连接,GF和PA66间呈柔性界面结合;PA66/RTMB/GF质量比为60/10/30的复合材料的拉伸屈服应力、弯曲弹性模量、悬臂梁缺口冲击强度分别提高到原料PA66的1.73倍、2.72倍、3.86倍.     

玻璃纤维增强PA66复合材料作为高压开关设备绝缘件材料的可行性分析

选取不同短切玻璃纤维（SGF）含量的聚酰胺66（PA66）/SGF复合材料,研究对比PA66/SGF复合材料与热固性环氧树脂基绝缘材料的物理性能、力学性能和绝缘性能。结果表明,随着SGF含量的增加,PA66/SGF复合材料的密度增大,但均低于热固性环氧树脂基绝缘材料标准;弯曲强度、拉伸强度和冲击强度增大,当SGF含量达到20 %以上时,复合材料的综合力学性能达到热固性环氧树脂基绝缘材料标准;击穿强度和耐电弧时间增加,优于热固性环氧树脂基绝缘材料标准。因此,PA66/SGF复合材料作为高压开关设备绝缘件材料是可行的,但实际应用还需进一步的工程应用研究。     

PPS/PA66共混物的结构与性能研究

为了制备燃油汽车发动机用新型塑料进气歧管,制备了几种不同配比的PPS/PA66共混物,并对其结构与性能进行了研究。DSC分析表明,PPS/PA66共混物出现了两组分的结晶熔融峰,当共混体系中PA66的质量分数低于60%时,共混物中的PA66破坏了PPS的结晶环境,PPS的结晶度降低,其拉伸强度也随之降低;随着PA66含量的增加,共混物的结晶度提高,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率也得到了相应的提高。SEM及红外光谱分析表明,随组分含量的变化,共混体系发生了相的转变。     

高强耐磨PPS/PTW/GF复合材料的制备与性能研究

在聚苯硫醚(PPS)中加入活化处理过的钛酸钾晶须(PTW)和玻璃纤维(GF),熔融共混挤出制得PPS/PTW/GF复合材料。探究了复合材料力学性能和摩擦性能随钛酸钾晶须添加量的变化以及复合材料力学性能随玻璃纤维添加量的变化关系。结果显示,添加适量的钛酸钾晶须能改善材料的力学性能和摩擦性能,降低了磨耗。玻璃纤维的加入能较大幅度提高材料的力学性能。当PPS/PTW/GF质量比为48/12/40时,可制得综合性能优良的高强耐磨复合材料,其冲击强度10.1 kJ/m2、拉伸强度157 MPa、弯曲强度208 MPa、摩擦因数为0.14、磨耗量28 mg。     

Thermal stability and thermal degradation kinetics of short and long glass fiber reinforced PA10T composites

In this work, the long glass fiber reinforced poly(decamethylene terephthalanide) (PA10T/LGF) composites and short glass fiber reinforced PA10T (PA10T/SGF) composites were prepared by two different extrusion processing methods, respectively. The results of mechanical properties reveal the introduction of glass fiber can improve the performance of the material, and the LGF reinforced PA10T composites can achieve much higher performance than the SGF reinforced ones at the same level of fiber contents. The thermal stabilities of neat PA10T, PA10T/SGF, and PA10T/LGF are investigated by nonisothermal TG analysis. The thermal degradation kinetics is introduced by using Kissinger and Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa methods and the thermal degradation mechanism functions of the samples are calculated by the Coats‐Redfem model. The results show that the thermal stabilities of PA10T/SGF and neat PA10T are better than that of PA10T/LGF. In addition, the incorporation of glass fiber into PA10T do not have much effect on the reaction mechanism type of thermal degradation compared with that neat PA10T. Furthermore, the thermal stability analysis of the composites is verified by the computed results of Gibbs free energy (ΔG^#). POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:246–253, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers     

长玻璃纤维增强PA66复合材料的综合性能及其影响因素研究

利用定制的熔融浸渍装置制备了长玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺66(PA66/LGF)复合材料,并对其力学性能、界面黏结性等进行了表征,探讨了玻璃纤维含量、润滑剂含量、相容剂含量以及切粒长度等因素对复合材料性能的影响,得到了PA66/LGF复合材料优化的配方设计与切粒长度.结果表明,当玻璃纤维含量为43％(质量分数,下同)、切粒长度...     

长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能研究

采用熔体浸渍技术制备了长玻璃纤维母料(LGF/PP-g-MAH/PP)增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料(LGF/PP)。通过双螺杆挤出机制备了同等配比的短玻纤增强聚丙烯(SGF/PP)复合材料。研究了LGF含量、环氧树脂(EP)和固化剂(2E4MZ)对LGF/PP复合材料的力学性能影响。结果表明:当LGF质量分数为35%～40%时,LGF/PP的综合力学性能最好,且明显优于同样组成的SGF/PP复合材料。EP和含固化剂(2E4MZ)的EP对LGF/PP复合材料的力学性能提高有一定的作用。SEM照片分析表明:EP的加入能改善玻纤与聚丙烯基体的界面粘接。     

UV老化对ZnO填充PA6/LGF复合材料性能的影响

用熔融共混法制备出长玻璃纤维(LGF)含量为30%的LGF增强尼龙6(PA6)/ZnO(PA6/LGF/ZnO)复合材料,并采用氙灯紫外(UV)老化法研究了ZnO含量为0%~8%及UV老化时间为0~800 h对复合材料力学性能和结晶性能的影响。结果表明,经UV辐照后,PA6/LGF/ZnO复合材料的拉伸强度升高,韧性下降,其中当ZnO添加量为6%时,复合材料在800 h老化后的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度保留率较未添加ZnO的复合材料分别提高了5.39%和4.98%。SEM分析表明在UV老化过程中,LGF与PA6基体之间的界面并未受到明显破坏,老化主要集中发生在PA6基体上。随着老化时间的延长,PA6/LGF复合材料中的PA6出现UV交联而使其结晶度从26.19%降低至20.70%;对于ZnO含量为6%的PA6/LGF/ZnO复合材料,老化800 h后其结晶度仅从22.92%下降至21.34%,PA6/LGF/ZnO复合材料整体上的结晶性能趋于稳定。     

长玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料性能的研究

在自制装置中用硅烷偶联剂KH550对长玻纤(LGF)进行表面处理后,采用熔融共混法制备了尼龙66/长玻纤复合材料。采用微机全自动热膨胀系数测定仪记录了玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料的热膨胀曲线,分析了玻纤含量、温度对复合材料热膨胀系数的影响,结果表明,随着玻纤含量的增加,复合材料的热膨胀系数显著下降,最大降低了74.2%;随着温度的升高,复合材料的热膨胀系数先增大后减小最后趋于平衡,转折温度在37℃左右。测试了复合材料的力学性能,结果显示复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和缺口冲击强度随玻纤含量的增加而大幅度提高,最大分别增加了173%、186%和283%。通过扫描电镜观察到玻纤嵌入尼龙66基体中,与尼龙66形成了良好的界面黏结。     

Mechanical and tribological properties of PA66/PPS blend. III. Reinforced with GF

Based on previous work, 70 vol % PA66/30 vol % PPS blend was selected as a matrix, and the PA66/PPS blend reinforced with different content of glass fiber (GF) was prepared in this study. The mechanical properties of PA66/PPS/GF composites were studied, and the tribological behaviors were tested on block‐on‐ring sliding wear tester. The results showed that 20–30 vol % GF greatly increases the mechanical properties of PA66/PPS blend. When GF content is 20 vol %, the friction coefficient of composite is the lowest (0.35), which is decreased by 47% in comparison with the unfilled blend. The wear volume of the GF‐reinforced PA66/PPS blend composite decreases with the increase of GF content. However, the wear‐resistance is not apparently improved by the addition of GF in the experimental range for comparison with unfilled PA66/PPS blend. The worn surface and the transfer film on the counterface were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observations revealed that the friction coefficient of composite depends on the formation and development of a transfer film. The wear mechanism involves polymer matrix wear and fiber wear. The former consists of melting wear and plastic deformation of the matrix, while the latter includes fiber sliding wear, cracking, rupturing, and pulverizing. The contributions of the matrix wear and the fiber wear determine the ultimate wear volume of PA66/PPS/GF composite. In addition, the abrasive action caused by the ruptured glass fiber is also a very important factor. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 523–529, 2006     

剑麻纤维/长玻纤混杂增强PP复合材料的力学性能研究

采用剑麻纤维(SF)和长玻璃纤维(LGF)混杂增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,考察了SF/LGF的比例和含量对PP复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:SF/LGF在聚丙烯树脂基体中呈交叉网状分布,这有利于提高复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度和软化点。在SF/LGF质量比为2 2∶,二者总质量分数为30%时,SF/LGF混杂增强PP复合材料的综合力学性能较好。     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced PA6 Composites Prepared by a Novel Process

Summary: Long glass fiber reinforced PA6 (LGF/PA6) prepregs were prepared by impregnating PA6 oligomer melt into reinforcing glass fiber followed by subsequent solid‐state polymerization (SSP) to obtain LGF/PA6 composite pellets. A conventional injection‐molding machine suitable for short glass fiber reinforced composites was applied to the processing of the prepared composites, which reduced the fiber length in the final products. Mechanical properties, thermal property, and fiber length distribution of injection molding bars were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the impact fracture surfaces and the surfaces of glass fiber after the SSP. It was found that the LGF/PA6 composites were of favorable mechanical properties, especially the impact strength, although the average length of glass fiber was rather short. By this novel process, the content of glass fiber in composite could be high up to 60 wt.‐% and the maximum level of heat distortion temperature (HDT) was close to the melting temperature of PA6. SEM images indicated the favorable interfacial properties between the glass fiber and matrix. The glass fiber surfaces were further observed by SEM after removing the matrix PA6 with a solvent, the results showed that PA6 macromolecules were grafted onto the surface. Furthermore, the grafting amount of PA6 was increased with SSP time.

SEM images of impact fracture surfaces of LGF/PA6 composites (left) and of glass fiber surfaces after removing PA6 with 5 h SSP (right).