一种改进的适用于Sigma-Delta ADC的数字抽取滤波器

数字滤波器在sigma-delta ADC芯片中占据了大部分芯片面积,该文提出了一种数字滤波器结构,这种结构滤波器采用一个控制单元和一个加法器取代了Hogenauer结构滤波器中差分器的多个加法器,从而减小数字电路的面积。一个采用这种结构的4阶的数字滤波器在CYCLONE II FPGA芯片中被实现,耗费的硬件资源比Hogenauer结构的滤波器减少近29%。     

S波段网格型FBAR滤波器的研制

介绍了一种单端口,端口阻抗为50 Ω的S波段宽带薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)滤波器,该滤波器采用网格型结构的FBAR滤波器芯片级联巴伦芯片实现.对宽带FBAR滤波器芯片的设计过程、工艺实现过程进行了说明.采用0.35 μm GaAs工艺实现了3～8 GHz频率范围的巴伦芯片,在FBAR滤波器芯片的中心频率处,幅度不平衡度为0.53 dB,相位不平衡度为0.55°.制备的FBAR滤波器通带频率范围为3 100～3 400 MHz,1 dB带宽约为369 MHz,在2 660 MHz和3 840 MHz处带外抑制分别为45.6 dBc和41.3 dBc,尺寸仅为12 mm×7 mm×2.9 mm.将实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比,两者一致性很好.     

宽带FBAR滤波器的研制

采用阶梯型结构的薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)滤波器芯片和外匹配电路实现了一种输入输出端口阻抗均为50 Ω的宽带FBAR滤波器.FBAR滤波器芯片采用自主的FBAR滤波器工艺实现,外匹配电路采用0.35 μm GaAs工艺实现,并在该芯片上植球,采用倒装工艺将FBAR滤波器芯片与外匹配电路芯片进行异构集成.然后采用微组装工艺将异构集成芯片装配在标准陶瓷外壳中,外壳通过平行封焊工艺实现气密封装,体积仅为3.8 mm×3.8 mm×1.8 mm.测试结果显示,该滤波器通带频率范围为3 300～3 600 MHz,1 dB带宽约为300 MHz,相对带宽为8.7％,插入损耗为1.41 dB,在3 250 MHz和3 650 MHz处带外抑制分别为16.5 dBc和48.2 dBc.将实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比,两者基本吻合.     

Design and Implementation of a Novel Area-Efficient Interpolator

提出了一种插值滤波器的设计与实现的新方法,并最终将其实现.该方法适合于过采样数模转换器.为减小芯片面积及设计复杂度,采用一种等同子滤波器级联设计方法,并对其改进.同时,提出了一种新型的等同子滤波器实现结构,进一步减少了芯片实现所需的硬件.测试结果表明,芯片达到了设计指标,节省了芯片面积,并显示出良好的噪声抑制性能.该数字插值滤波器已经被成功应用于一款过采样数模转换器.     

一种新型节省芯片面积的数字插值滤波器的设计与实现

提出了一种插值滤波器的设计与实现的新方法,并最终将其实现.该方法适合于过采样数模转换器.为减小芯片面积及设计复杂度,采用一种等同子滤波器级联设计方法,并对其改进.同时,提出了一种新型的等同子滤波器实现结构,进一步减少了芯片实现所需的硬件.测试结果表明,芯片达到了设计指标,节省了芯片面积,并显示出良好的噪声抑制性能.该数字插值滤波器已经被成功应用于一款过采样数模转换器.     

一种针对超宽带标准的CMOS Gm-C低通滤波器

采用TSMC 0.18µm CMOS工艺实现了一种针对超宽带标准的264MHz低通滤波器。该4阶滤波器由两个二阶滤波器级联而成,相对于传统的二阶Gm-C滤波器设计,本文提出的二阶拓扑结构十分简单有效,节约了1个跨导单元,3个共模反馈网络,2个电容。因此芯片功耗和芯片面积大大降低,其他指标并无牺牲。测试表明该滤波器增益-0.5dB,频率响应实测结果与仿真吻合良好,芯片面积为〖0.06mm〗^2,远小于同类设计,在1.8V电源电压下,电流消耗为3mA。     

一种带有精准调谐结构的有源RC低通滤波器的设计

提出了一种带有精准调谐结构的有源RC低通滤波器的设计方案,其截止频率为5MHz,并在0.18μm标准CMOS工艺线上流片得到验证.调谐精度达到(-1.24%,+2.16%),测试中得到验证.调谐系统所占芯片面积仅为主滤波器面积的1/4.调谐系统完成调谐功能后会自动关闭,降低了功耗以及对主滤波器的串扰.以50Ω作为源阻抗,滤波器带内3阶交调量(IIP3)好于16.1dBm.滤波器输入参考噪声为36μVrms.滤波器群延迟时间波动测试结果为24ns.滤波器功耗为3.6mW.带有这种调谐结构的滤波器容易被实现,可以用于很多无线低中频应用中,例如全球定位系统、全球通和码分多址等芯片系统中.     

基于裸芯片覆膜的薄膜体声波滤波器

该文研制了一种空腔型的薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)滤波器裸芯片.利用FBAR一维Mason等效电路模型对谐振器进行设计,然后采用实际制作的谐振器模型形成阶梯型结构FBAR滤波器,利用ADS软件对FBAR滤波器裸芯片进行优化设计.仿真结果表明,FBAR滤波器裸芯片尺寸为1 mm×1 mm×0.4 mm,滤波器的中心频率为...     

一种应用于音频的DAC中插值滤波器的设计

设计了一种应用于24位音频DAC中实现128倍过采样的插值滤波器,该插值滤波器采用多级插值的方法,根据前后级采样速率不同的特点,选择不同的滤波器结构.采用一种基于CSD编码的方法来实现一种多相结构,这种多相结构不需要乘法器.该方法在减小了控制系统复杂性的同时也减小了芯片的面积.仿真结果表明,该插值滤波器的通带纹波和阻带衰减都达到了设计要求.     

一种用于符号同步的奈奎斯特滤波器优化设计

本文设计了一种用于完成QAM数字电视解调芯片中符号及匹配成形功能的奈奎斯特滤波器。对数字前端中的传统结构进行联合设计,系统结构得到优化。通过对滤波器结构的优化设计,减小了所设计的滤波器的门级电路规模,从而降低了芯片的版图面积。仿真结果表明,该滤波器通带纹波小于0．4dB,带外抑制小于-43dB。满足DVB-C标准的要求。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.