硒化卡拉胶寡糖的制备及其抑制血管生成作用研究

在酸性条件下,利用亚硒酸钠和卡拉胶反应制备硒化卡拉胶寡糖,硒含量达到30μg·mg-1。以鸡胚尿囊膜为模型研究硒化卡拉胶寡糖抑制血管生成作用,通过血管内皮细胞划痕实验和分化成管实验研究硒化卡拉胶寡糖抑制人脐静脉血管内皮细胞迁移和分化成管作用。结果发现,硒化卡拉胶寡糖具有抑制血管生成的作用,其抑制血管生成作用与其抑制血管内皮细胞迁移和分化成管作用相关,而且在50~200μg·mL-1的范围内抑制作用与浓度正相关。     

2-溴-4’-羟基查尔酮-苯磺酸酯衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

基于药效团拼合原理设计并合成23个未见文献报道的 (E)-4-[3-(2-溴苯基)丙烯酰基]苯基-取代苯磺酸酯衍生物（产率：60.9-80.3%）,通过1HNMR、MS、13CNMR确证了产物结构,采用MTT法以5-氟尿嘧啶和伊马替尼为阳性对照药,以人宫颈癌Hela细胞、人肺癌A549细胞和人慢性粒细胞白血病K562细胞为测试细胞株评价了目标化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性。目标化合物Ⅴp表现出最强的A549细胞增殖抑制活性(半抑制浓度IC50 = 7.53 μmol/L),优于阳性对照药5-氟尿嘧啶(IC50 = 8.1 μmol/L),目标化合物Ⅴt表现出最强的K562细胞增殖抑制活性(IC50 = 4.47 μmol/L),目标化合物Ⅴd表现出最强的Hela细胞增殖抑制活性（IC50 = 4.53 μmol/L）,比阳性对照药5-氟尿嘧啶(IC50 = 13.5 μmol/L)强约3倍。目标化合物Ⅴd对A549细胞（IC50 = 8.0 μmol/L）和K562细胞（IC50 = 7.81 μmol/L）也表现出强的增殖抑制活性,值得进一步深入研究。     

甘草次酸对金黄地鼠皮脂腺斑影响的实验研究

以甘草次酸为活性成分,通过3T3-L1脂肪前体细胞模型测试不同质量浓度的甘草次酸对3T3-L1增殖及分泌甘油三酯（Triglyceride,TG）成分的影响,进一步采用金黄地鼠动物模型实验测定不同剂量的甘草次酸对金黄地鼠皮脂腺斑影响,并初步分析其可能的作用机制。结果显示,在25～100μg/mL质量浓度范围内不抑制3T3-L1细胞增殖,在质量浓度为50～100μg/mL时具有显著抑制3T3-L1细胞分泌TG(P<0.01)并呈浓度依赖性。给予金黄地鼠药物30?d后,与空白对照组、基质组（50%丙二醇水溶液）相比,甘草次酸在设定质量浓度下显著降低金黄地鼠腹部双侧皮脂腺斑面积,减少皮脂腺厚度及数量,抑制皮脂腺生长进而减少皮脂腺分泌皮脂中的甘油三酯成分,甘草次酸在100μg/mL质量浓度下主要通过显著调控皮脂腺组织中SREBP-1C(P<0.001),TG(P<0.01),K6(P<0.01),K16(P<0.01),IL-6(P<0.05)指标的表达,即抑制皮脂腺组织中SREBP蛋白活性,抑制皮脂合成及分泌TG成分的含量,进一步降低角质形成细胞中角蛋白K...     

新型功能性植物盐美白功效的体外评价

对松盐、梅盐与竹盐的美白功效进行了体外评价,分别研究其对体外酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性的抑制作用,并以熊果苷为阳性对照,采用体外培养的B16黑素瘤细胞模型探究其对胞内酪氨酸酶活性、细胞增殖及迁移的影响。结果表明,植物盐元素组成丰富,且水溶液呈碱性,松盐、竹盐、梅盐对酪氨酸酶活性表现出极显著的浓度依赖的抑制作用(p<0.01),当这3种植物盐水溶液的质量浓度为50.0 g/L时,它们对酪氨酸酶单酚酶抑制率分别为97.1%、94.8%、48.2%,对二酚酶的抑制率均高于92.0%;与原盐相比,5.0g/L的植物盐对B16细胞生长抑制作用不明显,但会抑制其横向迁移;植物盐对B16细胞胞内酪氨酸酶活性抑制作用优于熊果苷,5.0g/L的梅盐组的细胞内酪氨酸酶活性仅有8.76%,抑制效果好于松盐、竹盐。所研究的植物盐可以抑制酪氨酸酶的活性,且对B16细胞无附加毒性,显示出作为一种无机酪氨酸酶抑制剂的潜力,在人体美白方面有较好的潜在应用价值。     

白藜芦醇美白功效的初步研究

研究了白藜芦醇对B16黑色素细胞的增殖、细胞内酪氨酸酶活性及黑色素合成的影响。结果表明,白藜芦醇可抑制细胞增殖,对细胞内酪氨酸酶活性有明显抑制作用,能明显减少细胞内黑色素的含量,从而起到美白的作用。与熊果苷和乙基Vc相比较,白藜芦醇在0.5μg/mL的较低浓度下即可达到前二者在50μg/mL浓度下的抑制效果。     

芦荟苷联合顺铂对A549细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

探讨抗肿瘤天然药物芦荟苷(Aloin)与一线化疗药物顺铂(Cisplatin,CDDP)联合对体外培养的肺癌A549细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。采用MTT法检测用不同浓度的顺铂、芦荟苷单独或联合作用于A549细胞后对其相关细胞活力的影响。用流式细胞术分析Aloin-CDDP联用对A549细胞周期、细胞凋亡以及线粒体膜电位的变化。采用Western blot法检测Cleave-Caspase 9、Cleave-Caspase 3蛋白表达的变化。MTT结果显示芦荟苷(200μmol/L)和顺铂(16μg/mL)联用具有协同作用,可以抑制A549细胞增殖并可上调Cleave-Caspase 9、Cleave-Caspase 3蛋白的表达。芦荟苷与顺铂联合作用于A549细胞后,芦荟苷能有效降低顺铂的使用浓度,并提升其诱导细胞凋亡的能力。     

油茶花提取物的美白功效评价

通过比较不同油茶副产品提取物的体外酪氨酸酶活性抑制作用,筛选出最佳抑制效果的油茶花提取物,并以曲酸作为阳性对照,采用体外培养的人A375黑素瘤细胞模型和斑马鱼胚胎模型探究其对体内外酪氨酸酶活性和黑色素合成的影响。结果表明,油茶花、油茶叶、油茶蒲和油茶粕提取物均表现出较好的酪氨酸酶活性抑制效果,其中油茶花效果最佳,其抑制IC50为0.49 mg/mL。与曲酸相比,油茶花提取物表现出极显著的胞内酪氨酸酶活性抑制作用和黑色素合成抑制作用(p<0.01),作用浓度为160 μg/mL时,胞内酪氨酸酶活性的抑制率达到34.30%,相对黑素含量减少了26.41%。当油茶花提取物暴露浓度为100 μg/mL时,其对斑马鱼体内酪氨酸酶抑制率达到32.47%,相对黑素含量降低至64.39%,作用效果与曲酸相当。油茶花提取物在体内外均表现出了较好的酪氨酸酶抑制效果,对细胞和斑马鱼黑色素生成具有显著抑制作用,且安全性高,是一种潜在的美白功能成分,在日用化妆品领域具有较高的应用前景。     

红心猕猴桃中硒含量的测定工艺研究

以四川、陕西、贵州、广西、安徽地区红心猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensi)为研究对象，将其制成干粉，采用紫外分光光度法测定微量元素硒的含量，结合单因素和L₉(3⁴)正交试验对pH值、络合剂用量、掩蔽剂用量、络合时间对含量测定的交互影响进行研究，优化得到最佳的测定条件：pH值=1.70,络合剂和掩蔽剂用量分别为2.00和1.00 mL,络合时间为60 min,在该方案下测量结果表明：四川地区大红心猕猴桃中硒含量最高，为335.392 9μg/g,陕西地区小红心猕猴桃中硒含量最低，为196.258 7μg/g。本研究检测波长为334 nm,硒的检测质量浓度在0～0.35μg/mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 91),可操作性强，稳定性、灵敏度高，可为消费者在补充硒元素时提供科学的参考指标，同时为后续硒元素含量测定提供一定的方法依据。     

S-腺苷酰-L-甲硫氨酸对肝癌细胞HepG2增殖、迁移及癌基因C-myc表达的影响

目的探讨S-腺苷酰-L-甲硫氨酸(S-adenosyl-L-methionine,SAMe)对肝癌细胞HepG2增殖、迁移及癌基因C-myc表达的影响,为深入研究SAMe在肝癌治疗中的作用奠定基础。方法体外培养HepG2细胞,MTT法检测不同浓度SAMe作用不同时间对HepG2细胞增殖的影响;细胞划痕法检测最适浓度SAMe对HepG2细胞迁移能力的影响;RT-PCR、免疫细胞化学法及Westernblot法检测SAMe对HepG2细胞癌基因C-myc转录、蛋白定位及表达的影响。结果终浓度为15.0μmol/L的SAMe处理细胞5d,细胞抑制率达54.6%,且抑制作用呈时间与剂量依赖性;经15.0μmol/LSAMe处理的细胞迁移能力明显下降,愈合速率为对照组的76.78%;细胞中癌基因C-myc的转录和蛋白表达均明显下降,蛋白定位无明显变化。结论 SAMe可通过降低C-myc的表达,抑制HepG2细胞的增殖和迁移,为肝癌治疗性药物的研究提供了一个新的方向。     

驴乳延缓皮肤衰老的研究

使用驴乳溶液处理正常人原代真皮成纤维细胞(HDFn细胞)和人永生化表皮细胞(HaCaT细胞),检测了驴乳对细胞活性、细胞增殖、损伤修复的影响.研究了驴乳溶液处理HDFn细胞后细胞外基质(胶原蛋白、基质金属蛋白酶)含量的影响.质量浓度为0.63～10 mg/mL驴乳作用于HDFn细胞和HaCaT细胞,细胞安全无毒性.通过...     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。