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1.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
ABSTRACT: Occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in 2 Oregon oyster-growing areas (Yaquina andTillamook Bays) was studied from November 2002 to October 2003. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was detected in 15.0% of oyster, 20.0% of seawater, and 47.5% of sediment samples with very low levels of pathogenic strains being detected in oysters (≤3.6 most probable number [MPN] /g). The densities of total and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus were higher in sediment (≤1100 and ≤43 MPN/g) than in seawater (≤15 and ≤3.6 MPN/100 mL) or oyster (≤43 and ≤3.6 MPN/ g). Densities of V. parahaemolyticus in both bays were positively correlated to water temperatures ( P < 0.01), with higher densities in samples being detected in summer, especially July and August. There was no correlation between the densities of V. parahaemolyticus and water salinity or the densities of V. parahaemolyticus and bacterial populations in seawater. Freshly harvested oysters should be kept at refrigeration temperatures to prevent rapid growth of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus in contaminated oysters.  相似文献   

2.
目的建立水产品中副溶血弧菌和霍乱弧菌合检方法,并对合检方法对比进行评价。方法利用副溶血弧菌和霍乱弧菌阳性菌株,制备纯菌液、不同浓度梯度的人工污染样品。通过对30份纯菌液、30份人工污染样品和250份实际样品的检测,将建立的合检方法与行业标准(SN/T 1022-2010进出口食品中霍乱弧菌检验方法和SN/T 0173-2010进出口食品中副溶血性弧菌检验方法)进行比较,对合检方法进行效果评价。结果实验结果表明副溶血弧菌和霍乱弧菌合检方法,与行业标准检测结果完全一致。结论该方法可靠,对实验仪器和操作人员的要求低,具有良好的实用性,适合基础检测实验室。  相似文献   

3.
目的 比较标准检测方法与杜邦BAX System Q7快速检测方法检测副溶血性弧菌、霍乱弧菌和创伤弧菌.方法 采用GB 4789.7—2013《食品微生物学检验副溶血性弧菌检验》、SN/T 1022—2010《进出口食品中弧菌霍乱弧菌检验方法》、DBS 13/004—2016《食品安全地方标准创伤弧菌检验》标准和杜邦B...  相似文献   

4.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
V.E. Burnham    M.E. Janes    L.A. Jakus    J. Supan    A. DePaola    J. Bell 《Journal of food science》2009,74(6):M314-M318
ABSTRACT:  Vibrio vulnificus  and  Vibrio parahaemolyticus  are the most common  Vibrio  species associated with seafood illness in the United States. Our study was conducted to determine if strain-to-strain differences exist in the growth and survival of 8 different  V. vulnificus  and  V. parahaemolyticus  strains at low temperatures. By day 10,  V. vulnificus  strain 515-4C2 had significantly higher counts ( P  < 0.05) (1.97 log CFU/g) compared with strains 3315, 1007, 29306 at 5 °C, which reached nondetectable levels. At 8 °C, strain 515-4C2 had significantly higher counts ( P  < 0.05) (2.23 log CFU/mL) compared with 1007, 33815, 541(O) 49C, which reached nondetectable levels. At 10 °C, only  V. vulnificus  strain 33815 reached nondetectable levels. At 5 °C,  V. parahaemolyticus  strain 541(O) 57C had the highest counts (5.28 log CFU/g) by day 10 while strain 33847 had significantly lower counts (3.46 log CFU/g). After 10 d at 8 °C,  V. parahaemolyticus  strain M350A had the highest counts (7.97 log CFU/mL) while strain 541(O) 57C had the lowest counts (4.80 log CFU/mL). At 10 °C,  V. parahaemolyticus  strain NY477 had significantly higher counts ( P  < 0.05) with 8.31 log CFU/mL compared with strain 33847, which had the lowest counts (6.77 log CFU/mL). Our research has shown that various  V. vulnificus  and  V. parahaemolyticus  strains vary in their ability to survive and grow at refrigeration temperatures.  相似文献   

5.
低温贮藏条件下创伤弧菌和副溶血性弧菌失活模型的建立   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
为掌握对虾中创伤弧菌和副溶血性弧菌在5℃和一18~C低温贮藏条件下失活动力学特征,分别采用线性模型、Weibull模型、Logistic模型对创伤弧菌和副溶血性弧菌的失活曲线进行拟合。研究结果表明,在5~C条件下,创伤弧茵VvHB09的耐冷力较强;.18℃条件下,副溶血性弧菌ATCC17802和创伤弧菌VvSH09的耐冷力较强。线性模型比weibull模型、Logistic模型更适合拟合创伤弧菌和副溶血性弧菌的失活特征。  相似文献   

6.
为探索有效的消减副溶血性弧菌(Vp)的超高压处理条件,利用CDC-1(临床分离株,血清型O3:K6)和CGMCC1.1997(标准菌株,血清型O1:K1)两种菌株,研究了不同Vp经超高压处理的消减变化情况;比较了CDC-1菌株接种到牡蛎体内与混合到牡蛎肉中的超高压处理的差异性。结果显示,超过200MPa的压力对两种Vp均有明显的消减作用,增大压力和延长处理时间可以提高超高压处理对Vp的消减作用;多重比较显示两种Vp对超高压的耐受力存在显著差异(p<0.05),CDC-1较CGMCC1.1997有更强的超高压耐受力;超高压处理对两种接种方式Vp的消减效果存在显著差异(p<0.05),接种到牡蛎体内的CDC-1菌株的耐受力高于混合在牡蛎肉中的CDC-1菌株;用300MPa处理10min或350MPa处理5min能有效的消减牡蛎中的Vp。   相似文献   

7.
本研究以副溶血弧菌不耐热溶血素tlh为目标基因设计特异性引物,优化反应条件,并对特异性、灵敏度进行了验证。LAMP最佳反应条件为,外内引物浓度比为1∶8,Mg2+反应浓度为4 mmol/L,d NTPs浓度为3.5 mmol/L,温度为65℃,反应时长为1 h,只对副溶血弧菌产生扩增反应,与其余细菌不产生扩增反应,细菌基因组DNA和纯培养物的灵敏度约为5.45×101 fg/μL和140 cfu/m L,对人工污染食品样品进行检测,检出限为2.8×102 cfu/m L。该方法反应时间短、特异性强、灵敏度高。   相似文献   

8.
北京口岸进口鲜活海产品中副溶血性弧菌致病性分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的调查从北京口岸进口的鲜活海产品中是否存在致病性副溶血性弧菌。方法对2005年从北京口岸进口的鲜活海产品中分离的267株副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)的尿素酶活性、神奈川现象和毒性基因(tdh和trh)进行了检测。结果267株副溶血性弧菌中27株尿素酶呈阳性,其中14株菌tdh基因和砌基因呈阳性。tdh基因和trh基因呈阳性的14株菌中有10株菌神奈川现象为阳性,并且全部分离自从加拿大进口的象拔蚌。结论北京口岸进口的鲜活海产品中存在致病性副溶血性弧菌,主要集中在象拔蚌中。应对从加拿大进口的象拔蚌加强监管,防止致病性副溶血性弧菌引起食物中毒发生。  相似文献   

9.
    
A double layer agar plate (DLAP) was developed according to the thin agar layer (TAL) method as a 1‐step procedure for direct enumeration of injured Vibrio parahaemolyticus cells based on the formation of unique purple colonies by V. parahaemolyticus. The DLAP was prepared by overlaying an equal volume (10 mL) of a nonselective medium (tryptic soy agar supplemented with 1.5% NaCl) onto a selective medium (Bio‐Chrome Vibrio medium). The DLAP was capable of detecting V. parahaemolyticus in mixed cultures containing non‐Vibrio bacteria. Production of purple colonies by V. parahaemolyticus on DLAP was not affected by the growth of other bacteria, even when V. parahaemolyticus was only a small fraction (5%) of the entire bacterial population. Direct plating on DLAP was found as effective as the most probable number (MPN) method for recovering heat‐and cold‐injured V. parahaemolyticus cells, which could not be detected by direct plating on Bio‐Chrome Vibrio medium or thiosulfate‐citrate‐bile salts‐sucrose agar. The DLAP offers an alternative to the MPN method for detecting injured V. parahaemolyticus cells and can be used as a simple 1‐step procedure for quick screening of V. parahaemolyticus in foods.  相似文献   

10.
目的 了解广西壮族自治区贝类海产品中副溶血性弧菌、创伤弧菌、溶藻弧菌和霍乱弧菌的污染现状,为食源性疾病防控和微生物风险评估提供参考依据。方法 2017年在广西壮族自治区3个沿海和2个内陆城市采集贝类海产品进行定性检测,其中副溶血性弧菌同时进行定量检测和毒力基因检测。结果 5个城市共采集800份贝类海产品,致病性弧菌总阳性率为76.5%(612/800),副溶血性弧菌、创伤弧菌和霍乱弧菌阳性率分别为73.9%(591/800)、18.4%(147/800)、0.1%(1/800),未检出溶藻弧菌。副溶血性弧菌阳性率与采样地区、样品状态和贝类品种有关,沿海地区阳性率高于内陆地区,但含量却低于内陆地区;活产品阳性率和含量均高于鲜/冰鲜海产品;蛏子、泥蚶、牡蛎和蛤/蚬子阳性率较高,均在75.0%以上,扇贝和贻贝阳性率相对较低,但含量较高;1.0%(6/591)的菌株检出致病性毒力基因。创伤弧菌阳性率与样品来源、采样地区和贝类品种有关,沿海地区高于内陆地区,农村高于城市,蛏子和泥蚶阳性率最高,均在35.0%以上。结论 广西壮族自治区贝类海产品中副溶血性弧菌和创伤弧菌污染较严重,需重点加强贝类海产品食品安全卫生宣教,加强沿海农村地区创伤弧菌监测。  相似文献   

11.
    
ABSTRACT: The widely used most probable number (MPN) method for detecting Vibrio parahaemolyticus cannot differentiate growth of V. parahaemolyticus from Vibrio vulnificus or Vibrio mimicus on the thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar (TCBS). Presumptive positive colonies grown onTCBS need to be confirmed with lengthy biochemical tests. This study compared a chromogenic medium, Bio-Chrome Vibrio medium (BCVM), with TCBS for detecting V. parahaemolyticus in seawater, sediment, and oysters using a 3-tube MPN method. Among the 296 samples tested, 136 and 92 samples produced presumptive positive results on TCBS and BCVM, respectively. Biochemical tests and a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay confirmed 74 of 83 samples that were presumptive positive on both TCBS and BVCM as V. parahaemolyticus . Although false-positive results were reported when either medium was used, there were 62 reported for TCBS whereas only 15 were reported for BCVM. The specificities of TCBS and BCVM for V. parahaemolyticus detection were determined to be 77% and 94%, respectively. The accuracies of detecting V. parahaemolyticus were 54% for TCBS and 84% for BCVM. The Bio-Chrome Vibrio medium can be used in the MPN method to reduce the number of biochemical tests needed for V. parahaemolyticus confirmation.  相似文献   

12.
目的 建立和优化4种食源性致病弧菌的实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, qPCR)快速检测方法。方法 基于副溶血性弧菌的toxR基因(GenBank ID: MH047287.1)、霍乱弧菌的ompW基因(GenBank ID: MF100046.1)、拟态弧菌的toxR基因(GenBank ID: EF693743)和创伤弧菌的vvhA基因(GenBank ID: KC821520.1)设计常规PCR引物和qPCR特异性引物和探针。分别建立副溶血性弧菌、霍乱弧菌、拟态弧菌和创伤弧菌4种食源性致病弧菌的单重qPCR检测体系, 根据扩增曲线和Ct值对探针浓度进行优化, 设置探针浓度梯度。结果 4种弧菌的探针最适浓度均为0.1 μmol/L。对设计的4种弧菌的引物分别进行常规PCR的扩增, 其最低检出限均为1×105 copies/μL, 4种弧菌分别进行单重qPCR的最低检出限均为1×101 copies/μL, 扩增效率均接近100%。qPCR的灵敏度均高于常规PCR。特异性实验结果表明, 4种目的弧菌DNA扩增出特异性曲线, 其他的非目的基因未被扩增出扩增曲线。结论 该方法准确度和灵敏度高, 前处理简单快速, 适用于4种食源性致病弧菌的荧光定量PCR快速检测。  相似文献   

13.
目的对大连市不同海产品中副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus, VP)污染的健康风险进行分级和评价。方法 2017年1~10月,在大连市10个县市区分层随机采集4类944份常见海产品。依据GB 4789.7—2013《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验副溶血性弧菌检验》进行海产品中VP定量检测,使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法进行VP毒力基因检测;采用食物频率法获得各类海产品的消费量数据;利用专家咨询法获得海产品交叉污染和烹调习惯参数;采用快速微生物定量风险评估(sQMRA)方法,对4类海产品中致病性VP的健康风险进行分级。结果甲壳类导致人体感染致病性VP发病风险和年发病例数最高,分别为3.5×10~(-6)和2 799.3例。鱼类导致人体感染致病性VP发病风险和年发病例数居第二位,分别为1.1×10~(-6)和1 304.4例。海产品导致人群VP发病的主要途径为交叉污染。结论应关注大连市甲壳类中VP对人群的致病风险,重点控制海产品在加工处理过程中VP的交叉污染。  相似文献   

14.
15.
目的:建立一种直接定量定性检测海产品中副溶血性弧菌的方法。方法:参照国标菌落计数方法,筛选具备计数和显示副溶血性弧菌典型菌落颜色功能的培养基,将人工染菌样品分别置于50、4和-18℃温度下并分别进行测试。结果:在NaCl NA双层平板上副溶血性弧菌菌落呈淡紫色,在人工染菌样品实验中与NaCl NA平板计数无显著差异;NaCl NA双层平板直接定量检测4℃冷藏处理和-18℃冷冻的样品中副溶血性弧菌浓度分别是对照组的68.9%和21.7%。结论:NaCl NA双层平板法具备操作简便、检验周期短、结果稳定、灵敏度高等特点,适合应用于-18~50℃温度环境下放置的海产品中副溶血性弧菌直接定性定量检测,能如实反映样品受污染的情况。  相似文献   

16.
17.
    
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram‐negative bacterium that is naturally present in the marine environment. Oysters, which are water filter feeders, may accumulate this pathogen in their soft tissues, thus increasing the risk of V. parahaemolyticus infection among people who consume oysters. In this review, factors affecting V. parahaemolyticus accumulation in oysters, the route of the pathogen from primary production to consumption, and the potential effects of climate change were discussed. In addition, intervention strategies for reducing accumulation of V. parahaemolyticus in oysters were presented. A literature review revealed the following information relevant to the present study: (a) managing the safety of oysters (for human consumption) from primary production to consumption remains a challenge, (b) there are multiple factors that influence the concentration of V. parahaemolyticus in oysters from primary production to consumption, (c) climate change could possibly affect the safety of oysters, both directly and indirectly, placing public health at risk, (d) many intervention strategies have been developed to control and/or reduce the concentration of V. parahaemolyticus in oysters to acceptable levels, but most of them are mainly focused on the downstream steps of the oyster supply chain, and (c) although available regulation and/or guidelines governing the safety of oyster consumption are mostly available in developed countries, limited food safety information is available in developing countries. The information provided in this review may serve as an early warning for managing the future effects of climate change on the safety of oyster consumption.  相似文献   

18.
评价了双层平板(DLAP)计数法对海产食品中副溶血性弧菌的定量分析效果。通过在混合菌悬液和鱼、虾、贝等生物体中人为模拟染菌,并进行冷冻受伤减菌处理,采用DLAP计数法对副溶血性弧菌处理前后的菌量变化进行分析,同时采用MPN法、BCVM平板计数法和TCBS平板计数法3种方法作为对照,运用SPSS软件分析4种方法测定结果的显著性差异(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,在理想的控制条件下,4种方法对不同基质条件中副溶血性弧菌的测定结果不存在明显差异;在菌体活力不强或受伤状态下,DLAP计数法对该菌的测定结果与MPN法在同一水平上且缩短了5d的检验周期,其准确性优于BCVM平板计数法和TCBS平板计数法,具有省时、准确的特点,适合广普应用。  相似文献   

19.
巢式PCR快速检测海产品中的副溶血弧菌   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
副溶血弧菌是一种世界范围性的食源性致病菌,食用了该菌污染的海产品可导致胃肠炎等疾病。为了建立一种可快速、特异地检测海产品中副溶血弧菌的方法,通过把副溶血弧菌基因组序列和其它不同种类弧菌的基因组序列进行比较分析,筛选出了一个副溶血弧菌特异性的标记基因-VP1331,根据该基因建立了副溶血弧菌的巢式PCR快速检测方法,并评估了其特异性、敏感性和稳定性。实验结果表明,该方法只有在以副溶血弧菌基因组DNA为模板时才能扩增出目的片段,而其它11种弧菌和非弧菌均不能扩增出目的片段。该方法的最低检测限为副溶血弧菌基因组DNA 10 fg、纯培养物6.6 CFU。人工污染实验表明,初始菌液浓度为25.7 CFU/100 mL时只需经过2 h的增菌培养即可检出。上述结果表明,VP1331基因可以作为副溶血弧菌种特异性标记,本方法可以用于污染海产品中该菌的检测与鉴定。  相似文献   

20.
将一种DNA染料叠氮溴化乙锭(ethidium bromide monoazide,EMA)与实时定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)技术相结合,建立一种能选择性定量检测牡蛎中trh阳性副溶血弧菌活细胞的新方法。结果表明:使EMA成功插入死细胞DNA并且光解溶液中游离EMA的最佳曝光时间为20min;不抑制副溶血弧菌活细胞DNA扩增的最大EMA质量浓度为2.0μg/mL;完全抑制热致死细胞DNA扩增的最小EMA质量浓度为1.0μg/mL;人工污染牡蛎样品,不经过富集,在2.0×103~2.0×107CFU范围内细胞数的常用对数值与Ct值之间呈严格的负相关性,并且纯培养与人工污染牡蛎样品的RT-PCR检测限均为2×103CFU,即人工污染牡蛎样品的RT-PCR检测灵敏度为每克牡蛎样品400个活细胞;冻融实验表明,在温度低于55℃的水浴中对冷冻海产品进行解冻时,冻融过程对副溶血弧菌活细胞几乎没有影响。该方法是一种快速、灵敏且能有效鉴别并定量检测病原活细胞的新方法。  相似文献   

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