Answer to comments on “Fabrication and photovoltaic conversion enhancement of graphene/n-Si Schottky barrier solar cells by electrophoretic deposition”

Here, we reply to comments by Valentic et al. on our paper published in Electrochimica Acta (2014, 130: 279). They commented that Au nanoparticles played the dominant role on the whole cell''s performances in our improved graphene/Si solar cell. We argued that our devices are Au-doped graphene/n-Si Schottky barrier devices, not Au nanoparticles (film)/n-Si Schottky barrier devices. During the doping process, most of the Au nanopatricles covered the surfaces of the graphene. Schottky barriers between doped graphene and n-Si dominate the total cells properties. Through doping, by adjusting and tailoring the Fermi level of the graphene, the Fermi level of n-Si can be shifted down in the graphene/Si Schottky barrier cell. They also argued that the instability of our devices were related to variation in series resistance reduced at the beginning due to slightly lowered Fermi level and increased at the end by the self-compensation by deep in-diffusion of Au nanoparticles. But for our fabricated devices, we know that an oxide layer covered the Si surface, which makes it difficult for the Au ions to diffuse into the Si layer, due to the continuous growth of SiO₂ layer on the Si surface which resulted in series resistance decreasing at first and increasing in the end.     

金属表面等离激元增强聚合物太阳电池

研究了Au纳米颗粒表面等离激元增强聚噻吩(P3HT)与富勒烯衍生物(PCBM)共混体系聚合物太阳电池的光电转换效率。Au纳米颗粒表面由双十烷基二甲基溴化铵(DDAB)修饰,能够均匀分散在活性层中。研究了Au纳米颗粒的质量分数对电池性能的影响,发现质量分数为1.2%时,电池性能最佳,转换效率高达3.76%,较未掺杂的参比电池相对提高约20%。掺入Au纳米颗粒后P3HT和PCBM共混膜光吸收显著增强,从而使电池外量子效率大大增加。电池效率的提升主要归结于Au纳米颗粒表面等离激元激发所引起的近场增强。     

黏附层以及退火气氛对Au/Si共晶体系中硅扩散的影响研究

采用真空蒸镀方法在Si衬底上制备了Si/Au、Si/Ni/Au和Si/Ti/Au结构多层膜,进行多种条件下的退火实验,研究了不同黏附层对Au/Si共晶体系中硅扩散的影响.实验结果表明,黏附层对硅的扩散起到阻挡作用,Ti层与Ni层作为阻挡层在较低温度下发生失效,退火气氛对阻挡层的失效具有显著影响.这表明Au/Si体系中扩散阻挡层失效的机制并不是直接的固相反应.文章提出势垒模型来解释扩散阻挡层的失效机制.     

空间实用背场Si太阳电池和GaAs/Ge太阳电池性能随质子辐照注量变化的比较

研究了空间实用背场Si太阳电池和GaAs/Ge太阳电池性能随质子辐照注量1×109～5×1013cm-2的变化.实验表明,两种太阳电池的电性能随辐照注量增加有不同的衰降趋势.背场Si太阳电池性能参数Isc、Voc和Pmax衰降变化快,辐照注量为2×1010cm-2时,Pmax就已衰降为原值的75%;而GaAs/Ge电池对应相同的衰降辐照注量达8×1011cm-2,且其Isc、Voc和Pmax衰降变化起初缓慢,当辐照注量接近3×1012cm-2时才迅速下降.背场Si电池和GaAs/Ge电池性能衰降分别与质子辐照引入的Ev+0.14eV及Ev+0.43eV和Ec-0.41eV深能级有关.     

制绒Si片清洗工艺的研究

研究对比了不同清洗工艺对制绒Si片性能的影响,采用原子力显微镜和少子寿命测试仪测试经不同化学清洗工艺处理之后的Si片表面微粗糙度和少子寿命。研究发现,使用浓硫酸、双氧水混合液和稀释的氢氟酸溶液清洗Si片能够有效改善Si片表面的质量,Si片表面的微粗糙度由原先的5.96μm降低到4.45μm;采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积法在清洗之后的Si片上生长本征氢化非晶Si层,对Si片进行表面钝化,钝化之后的Si片少子寿命可达107.88μs。测试结果还表明,采用此种清洗方法处理的Si片少子寿命稳定性有很大提高。     

金纳米粒子的电化学制备和AFM表征

本文以高序石墨为基底,氯金酸溶液为支持电解质,以对表面破坏力小的轻敲模式原子力显微镜为观察手段,研究基底的表面状态及电沉积条件对形成的纳米颗粒尺寸和形态的影响,并简要讨论所形成的金纳米粒子的表面Raman增强效应和对乙二醇氧化的电催化效应。     

石墨烯在半导体光电器件中的应用

基于石墨烯透明、软性、能带结构连续可调、电子迁移率高等一系列优点,着眼于石墨烯与其他半导体光电功能材料的复合,对石墨烯在有机和无机发光二极管、太阳能电池、纳米发电机等方面的应用和研究进展进行了介绍。     

一种新型空心镍纳米球的合成及其性能

以二氧化硅颗粒作为模板、金纳米颗粒作为表面晶种的方法制备了壳厚度可控的镍空心球。得到的空心镍纳米球是由似针状的面心立方的镍纳米颗粒构成的,碱溶液处理过程不影响镍纳米壳的形貌。高温处理显示镍空心球具有良好的热稳定性。研究了镍空心球电催化氧化甲醇和乙醇的活性,结果显示在碱性溶液中镍空心球是一种非常高效的甲醇和乙醇电催化氧化剂。     

Self-assembled Au nanoparticle superlattice via a displacement reaction

Long-range order, uniform in size, and regular in shape two-dimensional (2-D) arrays of core-shell structure Au nanoparticles have been synthesized. A reaction involving the displacement of the outer shells from tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOAB) to dodecanethiol (DT) molecules was used to form Au@TOAB-DT nanoparticles at room temperature (RT). The displacement reaction has used both superior size and shape control of Au@TOAB nanoparticles and uniform dispersion capability of Au@DT nanoparticles to achieve an extraordinarily large in extent (3 μm×3 μm), regular nanoparticle lattice structure. From ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectra, it was inferred that the interaction between the inner core and outer shell of Au@TOAB nanoparticles is weaker than that of Au@TOAB-DT and Au@DT samples. As a result, the ability of the TOAB outer shell to protect the Au@TOAB nanoparticles is weaker so that the system is more prone to agglomerate. On the other hand, the strong interactions between the inner core and outer shell for Au@TOAB-DT and Au@DT nanoparticles led to a predominantly 2-D structure.     

Si/Ti/Au/Si键合技术研究及其应用

运用Si／Ti／Au／Au／Ti／Si在N2保护下及420℃左右,成功地实现了Au／Si共熔键合,成品率达到90％以上。该键合方法能进行选择区域键合,完全避免了由于Si／Si熔融键合过程中高温退火给微电子机械系统(MEMS)器件带来的畸变甚至失效,为新型室温红外探测器的研制奠定了良好的工艺基础,是此类结构MEMS器件的理想键合封装方法。     

Decahedral-shaped Au nanoparticles as plasmonic centers for high performance polymer solar cells

The photon harvesting of the photoactive layer within a multilayered polymer solar cells (PSCs) greatly affects the output electric power of the devices. For PSCs, the device performance is very sensitive to the photoactive layer thickness. Therefore, how to enhance the light absorption of the photoactive film with fixed thickness is still a big challenge. Plasmonic enhancement induced by noble metal nanoparticles has been proved to be an effective way to enhance light trapping inside the photoactive film without increasing the thickness of film. By incorporating Au decahedra into the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) anode buffer layer, high performance plasmonic PSCs based on P3HT:PC₆₀BM and PBDT-TS1:PC₇₀BM were fabricated and the light response of the PSCs are greatly improved in a broadband wavelength, resulting in a remarkable enhancement in short-circuit current density. The calculation results of finite difference time domain (FDTD) confirm that the plasmonic effects induce enhancement in device performance. Upon optimization, the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the device based on P3HT:PC₆₀BM and PBDT-TS1:PC₇₀BM reaches 4.14% and 10.29%, respectively, among the best values reported in literature. These results can provide valuable guidelines for the design of metal nanostructures for organic photovoltaic applications.