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采用氯化亚锡水合物为催化剂,研究戊酸和脂肪醇的酯化反应,讨论了戊酸和正丁醇反应的工艺条件,结果表明:在催化剂用量为15%(质量比),酸醇摩尔比为1:1.3,反应时间2h的条件下,酯化率在98%以上。 相似文献
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磷钨酸催化合成1-萘乙酸甲酯的研究 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
研究了以磷钨酸为催化剂,1 萘乙酸和甲醇直接酯化合成1 萘乙酸甲酯的优化反应条件:催化剂用量为反应液的3%,醇酸摩尔比为16∶1,反应在回流温度下进行3h,酯的收率在96%以上,纯度达996%。 相似文献
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无毒增塑剂乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯的合成 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用固体氯化物催化 民柠檬酸三丁酯,柠檬酸三丁酯和乙酸酐反应合成乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯。研究了催化剂用一、原料配比、反应温度、反应时间对合成反应的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:(1)酯化反应:柠檬酸:正丁醇为1:3.5(mol);反应温度为130℃;反应时间5h,催化剂用量0.7%;(2)乙酰化反应:柠檬酸三丁酯:乙酸酐为1:1.6,反应温度为85℃,反应时间为1h,催化剂用量为0.06%。酯化收率为96.3 相似文献
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钨硅酸催化合成苯甲酸异戊酯 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以钨硅酸为催化剂,甲苯为带水剂。苯甲酸和异戊醇,合成苯甲酸异戊酯,酯化率达96.4%。同时,讨论了影响酯化率的各种因素,其最佳反应条件为醇酸物质的量比1:5:1,催化剂用量2.5%,反应时间2.0h,反应温度120~130℃。 相似文献
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采用气-固相反应工艺,使乙酸和正丁醇ZrO2-Al2O3/HXSM-5固体酸催伦剂上合乙酸丁酯,考察了焙烧温度,反应温度,反应时间,醇/酸摩尔比对催化剂性能的影响,在催化剂用1g/1mlo乙酸,醇/酸摩尔比为1.2:1,反应温度140℃的反应条件下,酯化反应进行3h酯化率达到98%,乙酸丁酯选择性为100%。 相似文献
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磷钨酸催化合成乙酸环己酯的研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
磷钨酸作为乙酸和环己醇的酯化催化剂,性能优于硫酸。经实验确定最佳的反应条件为:酸醇摩尔比为1.2:1,磷钨酸用量为1.5%,反应时间为2h,酯化率为95.8%,选择性为98%,产品纯度达98%以上,并且催经剂可以重复使用多次。 相似文献
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磷钨酸催化合成癸二酸二乙酯的研究 总被引:36,自引:1,他引:35
磷钨酸作为癸二酸和乙醇的酯化催化剂,性能优于硫酸。经实验确定了最佳反应条件为醇、酸物质的量比为4-0∶1 ,磷钨酸用量是酸质量的4 % ,反应时间4 h ,酯化率达96-85 % ,选择性99-8 % ,产品纯度达98 % 以上,并且催化剂可以重复使用多次。 相似文献
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杂多酸催化合成戊二酸二异辛酯的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以从二羧酸中分离出的戊二酸和异辛醇为原料,在钨磷杂多酸催化作用下酯化合成了戊二酸二异辛酯。考察了醇酸摩尔比,反应温度,反应时间,催化剂用量等因素对酯化反应的影响,确定了合成戊二酸二异辛酯的工艺条件,醇酸摩尔比2.5:1,反应温度140℃、反应时间2h、催化剂用量为体系总质量的0.2%,在此条件下,酯化率可达98%以上。 相似文献
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Liquid-phase esterification reaction of 1-propanol with pentanoic acid to give propyl pentanoate over Amberlyst 15 has been studied. The reaction carried out in a batch reactor was found to be independent of mass transfer effects in the temperature range of 323.15–363.15 K. The reaction is highly temperature sensitive. Increase in 1-propanol concentration has an enhancing effect on the conversion, whereas water acts as an inhibitor. As alcohol–acid mixtures behave nonideally, kinetic analysis has been performed using UNIFAC liquid-phase activities of pentanoic acid, 1-propanol, propyl ester, and water. Observed kinetics is best represented by Eley–Rideal mechanism. Surface reaction was observed to be a rate-limiting step. 相似文献
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以生物质衍生的当归内酯与2-甲基呋喃为原料,杂多酸为催化剂,经羟烷基化或烷基化反应生成4,4-二(5-甲基呋喃-2-基)戊酸,然后加氢制得可再生生物柴油前驱体4,4-二(5-甲基四氢呋喃-2-基)-1-戊醇和双(5-甲基四氢呋喃-2-基)乙烷。首先,考察了硅钨酸、磷钼酸和硅钼酸催化剂对羟烷基化/烷基化反应的影响,并对催化剂用量、反应温度和时间进行了优化,结果表明,硅钨酸的催化性最高,在反应温度为60 ℃、硅钨酸的用量为0.05 g、反应时间为60 min条件下4,4-二(5-甲基呋喃-2-基)戊酸产率达到70.5%。然后,考察了Pd/C、Ru/C和Pt/C催化剂对当归内酯与2-甲基呋喃羟烷基化/烷基化产物的加氢反应,Ru/C催化剂表现出最好的活性和选择性,4,4-二(5-甲基四氢呋喃-2-基)-1-戊醇和双(5-甲基四氢呋喃-2-基)乙烷产率分别为60.5%和24.6%。最后对Ru/C催化剂的稳定性进行了考察,在24 h的反应时间内催化剂表现出良好的稳定性,活性没有明显下降。获得的4,4-二(5-甲基四氢呋喃-2-基)-1-戊醇和双(5-甲基四氢呋喃-2-基)乙烷混合物可作为柴油前驱体。 相似文献
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The esterification of five medium- and long-chain acetylenic alcohols (2-nonyn-1-ol, 10-undecyn-1-ol, 6-octadecyn-1-ol, 9-octadecyn-1-ol,
and 13-docosyn-1-ol), seven olefinic alcohols (cis-3-nonen-1-ol, 10-undecen-1-ol, cis-6-octadecen-1-ol, cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, trans-9-octadecen-1-ol, trans-9, trans-11-octadecadien-1-ol, cis-9, cis-12-octadecadien-1-ol), and four short-chain unsaturated alcohols (allyl alcohol, 3-butyn-1-ol, 3-pentyn-1-ol, and cis-2-penten-1-ol) with pentanoic or stearic acid in the presence of various lipase preparations was studied. With the exception
of 2-nonyn-1-ol, where Lipase AY-30 (Candida rugosa) was used as the biocatalyst, the esterification of C11, C18, and C22 acetylenic alcohols with pentanoic acid appeared to be generally unaffected by the presence of an acetylenic bond in the
alcohol as relatively high yields of the corresponding esters (78–97%) were obtained. However, medium- and long-chain olefinic
alcohols were discriminated by Lipase AY-30, Lipolase 100T (Rhizomucor miehei), and especially by porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), when esterification was conducted with pentanoic acid. Esterification
of medium-and long-chain acetylenic or olefinic alcohols with a long-chain fatty acid, stearic acid, was very efficient except
when Lipase AY-30 and Lipolase 100T were used. Short-chain unsaturated alcohols were much more readily discriminated. 3-Pentyn-1-ol
and 3-butyn-1-ol were difficult (<5% yield) to esterify with pentanoic or stearic acid in the presence of Lipase AY-30 and
PPL, respectively. Very low yields (<26%) of esters were produced when 3-butyn-1-ol and 3-pentyn-1-ol were reacted with pentanoic
or stearic acid, when catalyzed by lipase from Candida cylindracea, No reaction took place between 3-butyn-1-ol and stearic acid in the presence of Lipase AY-30. Esterification of short-chain
acetylenic and olefinic alcohols was most efficiently achieved with Lipolase 100T (Rhizomucor miehei), Lipozyme IM20 (Rh. miehei), or Novozyme 435 (Candida antarctica) as the biocatalyst. 相似文献
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TiSiW_(12)O_(40)/TiO_2催化合成丙酸乙酯 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
研究了固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12 O40 /TiO2 催化丙酸与乙醇的酯化反应 ,探讨了催化剂用量、反应时间及醇酸摩尔比对酯产率的影响。当醇酸摩尔比为 1 4∶1,催化剂的量为醇酸总质量的 2 0 % ,反应时间为 1 0h ,酯产率可达 5 0 3% 相似文献
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对甲苯磺酸催化合成硬脂酸甲酯 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以对甲苯磺酸催化硬脂酸和甲醇的酯化反应,合成了硬脂酸甲酯,研究结果表明,对甲苯磺酸对酯化反应具有较高的催化活性。考察了反应时间、酸醇摩尔比、催化剂用量对酯化反应的影响。当硬脂酸与甲醇的摩尔比为1∶3.5,对甲苯磺酸用量为硬脂酸质量的1.2%,于回流温度反应4 h,硬脂酸的转化率大于98.5%,产品酸值小于3.0 mg KOH/g。 相似文献
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