Antibiotics in emergency medicine

The paper is focused on prediction of loss of consciousness and grey-out during short (up to 5 s) impulses of longitudinal head-to-tail accelerations with high buildup gradients (more than 50 m/s3). This is a poorly explored region of exposure on the borderline between impulsive and maneuvering accelerations of the modern aircraft. On the basis of comparing the prediction with available experimental data, prognostic potentials of various modifications of criterion which includes the maximum allowable values of velocity in this range of exposure are demonstrated.     

Antibiotics and memory.

Reviews the literature on the effects of antibiotic treatments on memory. The initial interest in antibiotics as amnesic agents stemmed from their effects on protein synthesis; they were viewed as an avenue for exploring various hypotheses concerning the role of protein synthesis in memory formation. Close examination of the literature indicates that the glutarimides, puromycin, and actinomycin-D have side effects which should be an important caution to experimenters but that sufficient control procedures have been used in a variety of experiments to justify an amnesic interpretation of antibiotic-induced amnesia is reversible by chemical or behavioral means, with the possible exception of the case in which puromycin is injected prior to learning. The effects of glutarimide on neurotransmitter activity and the relationship of puromycin to brain peptides are discussed. (7 p ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Antibiotics: mechanisms of action

Medical practice rests on the foundation of science. Clinicians are constantly making practical decisions and dealing with immediate situations that demand solutions. Time should be taken to focus on those scientific principles that underlie our diagnostic and therapeutic maneuvers. This section of Pediatrics in Review presents selected topics that are relevant to practice from the areas of physiology, pharmacology, biochemistry, and other disciplines; clarification of these will augment the pediatrician's understanding of clinical procedures.     

Antibiotics for sore throats?

Although not explicit, recommendations in the new edition of Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic have taken a lurch towards an evidence basis. What does this mean, and what is the basis of the recommendation that antibiotics be used for sore throat in very limited circumstances?     

Antibiotics: an adjunct to endodontic therapy

Naphthoquinones such as phylloquinone, menadione and vicasol normalized or increased the immune response in rats after intensive physical load. The most marked immunomodulating effect was induced by phylloquinone. The naphthoquinones induced the development of immunostimulating properties in heavy red blood cells by the direct action on the cell membranes or indirectly through proteolytic enzymes secreted by hepatocytes. The proteolytic enzymes secreted to the vascular channel in physical load increased the susceptibility of heavy red blood cells to phylloquinone. Glycosaminoglycans accumulating in the vascular channel in physical load increased the resistance of heavy red blood cells to phylloquinone. Heavy red blood cells of physically loaded animals treated in succession with hyaluronidase and phylloquinone and red blood cells of intact rats after the incubation in the presence of trypsin and phylloquinone proved to be effective immunomodulators in physical load.     

Antibiotics: why they fail in patients who are critically ill

Most of the failures of antimicrobial therapy can be related to advanced infections in patients with serious comorbid processes or altered immunity. However, some of the failures are related to the type of antimicrobial therapy used, the length of therapy, the pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic properties of the antimicrobial agent, the development of antimicrobial resistance, microbial factors that influence antimicrobial efficacy, and the site and type of infection. This report will review the common mechanisms by which antimicrobials fail.     

急性上呼吸道感染患者抗菌药物应用的回顾性分析

目的:分析急性上呼吸道感染患者抗菌药物的合理性应用.方法:对本院2010年6月份520例上呼吸道感染患者的门急诊处方进行回顾性分析.结果:520张处方中,应用抗菌药物450例,使用率为66.5%,多为单一口服用药,部分联合静脉滴注左氧氟沙星注射液或者头孢曲松、头孢唑林等.阿莫西林分散片居首位,其次为大环内脂类的阿奇霉素分散片、罗红霉素颗粒、喹诺酮类的左氧氟沙星、头孢菌素类、B-内酰胺类加酶抑制剂.结论:我院医师在治疗急性上呼吸道感染时,这种滥用现象值得重视.医院更应加强对临床医师抗菌药物知识的培训与再教育,提高抗菌药物的临床合理应用水平.