无压烧结Si3N4—MgAl2O4—Al2O3系复合材料

本文对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系复合材料的无压烧结进行了研究，讨论了Ａｌ２Ｏ３含量对材料性能的影响及烧结工艺对材料性能和显微结构的相互关系。实验表明，两段法烧结可以得到性能良好的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料。     

Si3N4—MgO—CeO2陶瓷烧结过程中MgO的自动析晶

作者首次发现了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＯ－ＣｅＯ２系陶瓷在烧结过程中玻璃相自动析晶这一独特现象。对于Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＯ－ＣｅＯ２系陶瓷在１４５０℃，ＭｇＯ－ＣｅＯ２就会与Ｓｉ３Ｎ４颗粒表面ＳｉＯ２反应形成硅酸盐液相，冷却后则成为玻璃相保留在烧结体中；当烧结温度高于１５５０℃时，作者发现，ＣｅＯ２仍留在玻璃相中，但ＭｇＯ会自动析晶出来，其结果是大大减少了烧结体中严重影响其高温性能的玻璃相的含量，对于提高烧结     

B4C—Al2O3复合材料的组织结构及力学性能

Ｂ４Ｃ基体中掺加不同量的Ａｌ２Ｏ３在１８５０℃,３５ＭＰａ压力下,热压燃结,利用ＸＲＤ,ＳＥＭ、ＥＤＡＸ,ＳＥＮＢ等方法对试样的组织结构及力学性能进行研究,结果表明：Ａｌ２Ｏ３掺加不仅降低了热压烧结温度,促进了烧结致密化,获得９６％以上的相对密度而且提高了纯Ｂ４Ｃ材料的力学性能。Ｂ４Ｃ－２０％ｖｏｌ Ａｌ２Ｏ３的Ｋｉｃ值达５．４３ＭＰａ·ｍ＾１／２,弯曲强度为３７０．４ＭＰａ;Ｂ４Ｃ－３０％ｖｏｌ     

Si3N4—Al2O3—ZrO2系陶瓷表面氧化层组成的EPMA分析

利用ＥＰＭＡ和ＸＲＤ的分析方法，研究了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２系陶瓷材料表面氧化层组成。结果表明，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２系陶瓷材料表面氧化层是由方石英相、ＺｒＳｉＯ４相和含有Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ等的ＳｉＯ２玻璃相所组成，其中ＳｉＯ２玻璃相中Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ等的含量，随着氧化时间的增加而逐渐增加。     

等离子分解锆英石制备ZrO2—SiO2—Al2O3 复相陶瓷

离子分解锆英石（ＰＤＺ,ｐｌａｓｍｉｃａｌｌ ｄｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｅｄ ＺｒＯ２）ＧＮ Ｌ２Ｏ３注浆成型反应烧结制备ＺｒＯ２－ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系复相陶瓷,与用锆英粉和Ａｌ２Ｏ３制备的该系复相陶瓷进行对比。采用ＸＲＤ、ＯＭ、ＳＥＭ等手段研究烧成后材料的物相组成、显微结构及物理性能。结果表明：ＺｒＳｉＯ４的分解先于莫来石开成;由ＰＤＺ制得的制品性能优于锆英是的制品;ｎ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）／ｎ（ＰＤＺ）＝３／     

比重及Al（H2PO4）3／SiO2比值对绝缘涂层性能的影响

通过对绝缘涂层的性能试验，研究了绝缘涂层溶液的比重及Ａｌ（Ｈ＿２ＰＯ＿４）＿３与ＳｉＯ＿２比值对绝缘涂层性能的影响，并由此得出只要适当控制Ａｌ（Ｈ＿２ＰＯ＿４）＿３与ＳｉＯ＿２的比值和溶液的比重，便可获性能优良的绝缘涂层．     

Al_2O_3／Al－Si合金复合材料中硅相形貌观察

利用挤压铸造制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金复合材料，在扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）上观察了复合材料中的硅相形貌．结果表明Ａｌ２Ｏ３纤维与Ｓｉ相之间存在共格界面，可作为硅相非自发形核的衬底；复合材料中的初生硅可在纤维表面形核生长为颗粒状；复合材料中的纤维在Ａｌ－Ｓｉ共晶体的共生生长过程中，可触发孪晶，导致纤维附近的共晶硅里变质形态．     

卤素化合物对NdCl_3·nTBP／MgCl_2－Al（i－Bu）_3体系催化异戊二烯聚合的影响

考察了以卤素化合物为第三组分对ＮｄＣｌ３·ｎＴＢＰ／ＭｇＣｌ２－Ａｌ（ｉ－Ｂｕ）３体系催化异戊二烯聚合的影响。结果表明，各种卤素化合物的活性顺序为Ａｌ２（ｉ－Ｂｕ）３Ｃｌ３≈ＣｌＣＨ２—ＣＨ＝ＣＨ２＞Ｓｉ（ＣＨ３）２Ｃｌ２＞ＡｌＥｔ２Ｃｌ＞ＴｉＣｌ４；以Ａｌ２（ｉ－Ｂｕ）３Ｃｌ２或ＣｌＣＨ２－ＣＨ＝ＣＨ２作第三组分，采用Ｉｐ－Ａｌ－Ｎｄ三元陈化，Ｃｌ单加或内添加卤素化合物方式，均可以提高催化活性，聚合转化率在Ｃｌ／Ｎｄ值为１－６的范围内基本保持不变。经ＩＲ和１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ测定表明，除Ｓｔ（ＣＨ３）２Ｃｌ２外，第三组分对聚合物的微观结构影响不大。     

烧结氮化硅陶瓷的显微结构

通过透射电子显微分析和能谱分析，深入仔细地研究了烧结Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＯ－ＣｅＯ２陶瓷的微观结构及其性能的关系，发现当烧结温度为１８００℃时，ＭｇＯ在烧结过程中会自动析晶，烧结体的玻璃相只有铈硅酸盐而几乎没有ＭｇＯ，当烧结温度高于１８５０℃时，容易产生异常长大的二次Ｓｉ３Ｎ４晶粒，从而使烧结Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷材料的性能下降。并观察到了其中的亚晶粒、晶界及位错等微观结构。     

Fe基—Al2O3复合材料的界面研究

将工业还原铁粉，Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒，炭粉及某种适量粘结剂，通过粉末冶金方法在高温下进行烧结，制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒增强Ｆｅ基复合材料，用ＳＴＥＭ，ＴＥＭ及ＳＥＭ对界面结合机制进行了分析与研究，结果表明，烧结过程中在Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒与Ｆｅ基界面生成了中间相，使Ａｌ２Ｏ３与铁基有良好的结合强度，所制备的Ｆｅ基－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料的硬度，耐磨性已超过相同含碳量的碳钢材料。     

Microstructure and Dielectric Property of 3D BN_f/Si_3N_4 Fabricated by CVI Process

As potential wave-transparent materials applied at high temperatures, 3D BN_f/Si_3N_4 ceramic matrix composites were prepared by low pressure chemical vapor infiltration or deposition(LPCVI/CVD) process from SiCl_4-NH_3-H_2-Ar gas precursor at 800 oC. The densification process, microstructure and dielectric properties of 3D BN_f/Si_3N_4 composites were investigated. The results indicated that 3D BN_f/Si_3N_4 was successfully fabricated by LPCVI/CVD, with final open porosity of 2.37% and density of 1.89 g/cm~3. Densification kinetics of 3D BN_f/Si_3N_4 is a typical exponential pattern. The Si_3N_4 matrix was uniformly infiltrated into porous BN_f preform. The deposited Si_3N_4 matrix was amorphous by XRD analysis. Introduction of BN fiber into Si_3N_4 ceramic lowered the permittivity of Si_3N_4. The fabricated BN_f/Si_3N_4 composites possess low permittivity of 3.68 and low dielectric loss of lower than 0.01, which are independent of temperature below400 oC. Transmission coefficient of BN_f/Si_3N_4 composite is 0.57 and keeps stable below 400 oC. BN_f/Si_3N_4 can be fabricated at low temperature and may be candidates for the microwave transparent materials.     

TiF_x/γ—Al_2O_3催化剂表面性质的研究

本文用 IR、TPD、XRD、ESR 等方法详细地研究了 TiF_x/γ—Al_2O_3催化剂的表面性质。实验结果表明:γ—Al_2O_3经 TiF_4处理后,表面产生了 B 酸中心;用浸渍法制备的TiF_x/γ—Al_2O_3中存在能被 ESR 检测的 Ti~(3+)离子;甲醇和乙醇是制备该催化剂的理想溶剂;催化剂的表面性质与催化剂中氧及钛的含量有关。     

Preparation and Photocatalytic Performance of Double-Shelled Hollow W_(18)O_(49)@C_3N_4@Ti_3C_2 Microspheres

C₃N₄,C₃N₄@Ti₃C₂ and W₁₈O₄₉@C₃N₄@Ti₃C₂ hollow spheres were successfully prepared by using SiO₂ template followed by gradual deposition method.The degradation of phenol solution and photolysis ability were tested to characterize its photocatalytic activity.Compared with the single-shelled C₃N₄ and C₃N₄@Ti₃     

Interaction of Rare Earth Ions in Sr_2MgSi_2O_7:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+) Material

To discuss the function of Eu and Dy and their interaction in Sr_2 Mg Si_2O_7:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+) long afterglow material,the Eu and Dy single doped and their co-doped Sr_2 Mg Si_2O_7:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+) were prepared.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),decay curves,photoluminescence(PL),and thermoluminescence(TL).The results indicate that Sr_2 Mg Si_2O_7:Eu has afterglow properties,and the doping of Eu ion in Sr_2 Mg Si_2O_7:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+) can lower the depth of traps.Eu ion can not only serve as luminescence center,but also produce traps in the matrix,meanwhile,it also exerts certain influences on the traps produced by Dy in Sr_2 Mg Si_2O_7:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+).The Dy ion can not act as luminescence center but relates to the change of the traps in the Sr_2 Mg Si_2O_7 matrix.     

Facile Fabrication of Fe_2O_3/Nitrogen Deficient g-C_3N_(4-x) Composite Catalysts with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances

The modification of graphitic carbon nitride can significantly improve the photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_3N_4). Fe_2O_3/nitrogen-deficient g-C_3N_(4-x) composite catalysts were prepared with dicyandiamide as the precursor and Fe~(3+) doped in this study. The composite catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, XPS and photocurrent measurements. Close interaction occurred between Fe_2O_3 and nitrogen deficient g-C_3N_(4-x), more photogenerated electrons were created and effectively separated from the holes, resulting in a decrease of photocarrier recombination, and thus enhancing the photocurrent. Photocatalytic performance experiments showed that Fe_2O_3/nitrogen deficient g-C_3N_(4-x) could utilize lowenergy visible light more efficiently than pure g-C_3N_4, and the removal rate was 92% in 60 minutes.     

Preparation,Structures,Thermal Properties and Sintering Behaviors of B_2O_3-SiO_2-ZnO-BaO-Al_2O_3 Glass

B_2O_3-SiO_2-ZnO-BaO-Al_2O_3 glass with different Al_2O_3 contents(1mol%, 3mol%, 5mol%, and 7mol%) was prepared, and it was intended to be used as lead-free and low-melting glass sealants for solid oxide fuel cells. The effects of Al_2O_3 content on the structures, thermal properties, and sintering behaviors of the B_2O_3-SiO_2-ZnO-BaO-Al_2O_3 glass were investigated in detail. The Al_2O_3 content largely influenced the structures and thermal properties of the glass. When the Al_2O_3 content 5mol%, the transition temperature of the glass decreased with the Al_2O_3 content, while the crystallization temperature increased with the Al_2O_3 content. However, higher Al_2O_3 content degraded the stability of the glass. The B_2O_3-SiO_2-ZnO-BaO-Al_2O_3 glass with 5 mol% Al_2O_3 content exhibits the optimal sintering densification characteristics and can be used as glass sealants for solid oxide fuel cells.     

SO_4~(2-)-TiO_2/γ-Al_2O_3固体超强酸催化剂上的缩醛(酮)反应

通过浸渍法制备了SO42--TiO2/γ-Al2O3新型固体超强酸催化剂,以苯甲醛和乙二醇为原料合成了苯甲醛乙二醇缩醛。考察了催化剂的焙烧温度、带水剂的种类和体积、TiO2的质量分数、苯甲醛与乙二醇的摩尔比、催化剂的质量和回流时间对反应的影响以及催化剂稳定性对反应的影响。结果表明,在焙烧温度为500℃,甲苯为带水剂,甲苯体积为20 mL,TiO2的质量分数为10%,苯甲醛与乙二醇的摩尔比为1∶1.2,催化剂的质量为1.1 g,回流时间为1.5 h的反应条件下,苯甲醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达96.1%,产品的纯度为99.6%。SO42--TiO2/γ-Al2O3新型固体超强酸催化剂在其它缩醛(酮)的合成中也具有良好的催化活性。     

蠕虫状介孔γ-Al2O3的合成与表征

为了制备高比表面积的多孔γ-Al_2O_3,采用醇-水热法合成了虫孔状介孔面心立方晶体结构的γ-Al_2O_3片状粒子,并利用X-射线衍射、N_2吸附-脱附、扫描电镜、透射电镜和选区电子衍射等技术表征了所得氧化铝粒子的物理性质.实验结果表明,以异丁醇铝为铝源,正丙醇水溶液作溶剂,月桂酸作模板剂(异丁醇铝与月桂酸的质量比为4:1)的醇-水热合成法可制备出具有较好结晶度和虫孔状介孔γ-Al_2O_3粒子,经600℃灼烧后所得样品的比表面积高达306m~2/g,其平均孔径为5nm.     

应用新型SiO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂制润滑油基础油

研究了新型α-烯烃聚合制润滑油基础油的催化剂。在N2保护下,用Cl2氯化SiO2/γ-Al2O3作为催化剂。在最佳实验条件下,考察SiO2和γ-Al2O3的摩尔比,Cl2和N2的体积比,氯化温度和氯化时间对催化剂催化性能的影响。以产品的运动粘度(20℃)的大小为标准进行评价。结果表明,该催化剂的制备最佳条件为:SiO2和γ-Al2O3的摩尔比为1,Cl2和N2体积比为0.2,500℃氯化4h。由于加入了SiO2,催化剂不仅保留了AlCl3对烯烃聚合反应表现出的较高的活性,而且克服了单独使用AlCl3时的强腐蚀性和反应过于剧烈等方面的不足。通过合成油的运动粘度和溴价等重要评价指标对催化剂进行了评价。     

Flexural Stress Homogenization Effects of Interfacial Transition Layers in Modified ZrB_2-Al_2O_3/Epoxy Composites

The effect of interfacial modification on flexural strength of epoxy composites filled with modified ZrB_2-Al_2O_3 composite fillers was investigated in order to explore the stress distribution of modified composites under external load. The mechanical performance of epoxy composites filled with 0 vol%, 1 vol%, 3 vol% and 5 vol% unmodified and modified ZrB_2-Al_2O_3 fillers was characterized by three point bending(TPB) tests. The fracture surfaces of epoxy composites were observed by scanning electronic microscope(SEM). The results showed that the epoxy composite reinforced by 1 vol%modified fillers exhibited the optimal mechanical performance. According to the Von Mises stress contours simulated by finite element models(FEM) and the SEM images, it was shown that the modified ZrB_2-Al_2O_3 multiphase fillers could homogenize the stress in the epoxy composites due to the transition effect resulted from the interfacial modification layers on the surfaces of multiphase fillers. It contributed to the improvement of mechanical performance of epoxy composites further.