制备荞麦淀粉醋酸酯的研究

本研究以荞麦淀粉为原料制备荞麦淀粉醋酸酯，探讨了荞麦淀粉乳浓度、醋酸酐用量、氢氧化钠浓度、反应液pH值、反应温度和反应时间对荞麦淀粉酯化的影响，通过正交试验，确定合成荞麦淀粉醋酸酯最优工艺条件。     

荞麦淀粉研究进展

对荞麦淀粉理化特性作了较为详细论述,主要包括荞麦淀粉化学组成、颗粒特性、糊化特性、溶解性、膨胀特性、热特性、水解和消化特性,以及淀粉糊老化、淀粉凝胶和冻融稳定性等内容。     

制备荞麦羧甲基淀粉的研究

本研究以养麦淀粉为原料，用乙醇溶剂法制备荞麦羧甲基淀粉(CMS)。探讨了淀粉乳浓度、一氯醋酸用量、氢氧化钠用量、反应体系水分含量、反应温度和反应时间对荞麦羧甲基淀粉取代度(DS)的影响。通过正交试验，确定制备荞麦羧甲基淀粉最优工艺条件。     

制备荞麦淀粉醋酸酯的研究

本研究以荞麦淀粉为原料制备荞麦淀粉醋酸酯,通过正交试验,确定合成荞麦淀粉醋酸酯最优工艺条件。     

制备荞麦羧甲基淀粉的研究

研究了以荞麦淀粉为原料，用乙醇溶剂法制备荞麦羧甲基淀粉(CMs)。探讨了淀粉乳浓度、一氯乙酸用量、氢氧化钠用量、反应体系水分含量、反应温度和反应时间对荞麦羧甲基淀粉取代度(Ds)的影响，通过正交试验，确定制备荞麦羧甲基淀粉最优工艺条件。     

制备荞麦淀粉醋酸酯的研究

本研究以荞麦淀粉为原料制备荞麦淀粉醋酸酯 ,探讨了荞麦淀粉乳浓度、醋酸酐用量、氢氧化钠浓度、反应液 pH值、反应温度和反应时间对荞麦淀粉酯化的影响 ,通过正交试验 ,确定合成荞麦淀粉醋酸酯最优工艺条件。     

荞麦淀粉糊特性的研究

以小麦、玉米和马铃薯三种淀粉为参照，研究了荞麦淀粉糊性质，结果表明：荞麦淀粉糊化温度与小麦淀粉糊化温度相当，但比玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉难糊化；其粘度热稳定性显著高于小麦、玉米和马铃薯淀粉；冷粘度稳定性大于小麦、玉米和马铃薯淀粉；凝胶性和凝沉性均高于马铃薯淀粉；透明度低于小麦、玉米和马铃薯淀粉；冻融稳定性强于小麦和玉米淀粉。     

荞麦淀粉理化性质的研究

荞麦由于合理的氨基酸组成,较高的蛋白质生物价、天然的抗氧化性而越来越受到人们的重视。荞麦的主要成分是淀粉。荞麦淀粉不仅作为食品的组成成分,还可作为食品的稳定剂、增稠剂、增粘剂等,对食品的品质和营养价值有显著的影响,尤其对糖尿病人有很好的保健作用。文中以荞麦粉为原料。采用浸泡法制备了荞麦淀粉,对荞麦淀粉的颗粒形貌、蓝值、糊化特性以及透明度、凝沉性、流交性进行了研究,并与玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉和绿豆淀粉进行了比较,为荞麦淀粉的应用提供了一定的理论基础。     

荞麦淀粉研究进展

荞麦具有较高的营养价值和药用价值。荞麦淀粉是荞麦 (粉 )的主要营养成分 ,其理化性质直接影响着荞麦制品的加工品质。本文阐述了荞麦淀粉的理化性质及工艺特性。     

荞麦淀粉的性质研究

以实验室提取的荞麦淀粉为原料对其性质进行研究,并与玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉和木薯淀粉的性质进行了比较。结果表明,荞麦淀粉、玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉及木薯淀粉在溶解度、膨胀度、抗酶解力、透明度、冻融稳定性、凝沉性、热力学性质及其黏度特性方面存在一定的差别。因此荞麦淀粉作为一种淀粉新资源,具有一定的开发价值和广阔的发展前景。     

苦荞麦淀粉微球的制备及表征

目的:优化苦荞麦淀粉微球的制备工艺和性能。方法:正交实验法优化交联淀粉微球的最佳工艺,红外、扫描电镜和粒度分析对其进行表征。结果:制备苦荞麦淀粉微球的最佳条件为:5%苦荞麦淀粉、0.9gSpan60、3mL环氧氯丙烷、反应温度60℃、反应时间为4h。在该条件下制备的淀粉微球近似球状,球体表面粗糙,结构呈多孔立体网络结构,平均粒径为32μm;其对次甲基蓝的吸附量为3.78mg/g。结论:苦荞麦淀粉微球粒径分布均匀,具有良好的吸附和缓释性能,可应用于药物载体。     

苦荞淀粉糊化性质的研究

通过使用DV-T2黏度温控一体机测定苦荞淀粉在不同溶剂中黏度的变化曲线.结果 表明,苦荞生粉的热稳定性、凝胶性较早餐粉苦荞强,更易回生;以硬度高的水为溶剂时苦荞淀粉的热稳定性较好,凝胶性较弱,不易回生;以柠檬酸溶液或食盐溶液为溶剂时,苦荞淀粉的热稳定性随浓度的升高而增强,凝胶性随浓度的升高而减弱,不易回生;以蔗糖溶液为...     

普通荞麦发芽种子的液态发酵荞麦酒工艺研究

采用丰甜一号普通荞麦种子作为试验原料,探索了普通荞麦种子经发芽处理后使用液态发酵法酿制荞麦酒的工艺。结果表明,在酵母菌接种量为5%,料水比为1∶4.0(g∶mL),发酵温度为30℃,发酵时间为8 d的最佳发酵条件下,荞麦酒的酒精度为13.50%vol。产品呈黄棕色具有焦香味,显示出良好的品质,总黄酮含量为268.97μg/mL。     

Ultrastructural analysis of buckwheat starch components using atomic force microscopy

Morphological and structural features of buckwheat starch granules and nanocrystals were examined using atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Partially digested starch granules revealed a clear pattern of growth rings with the central core revealing lamellar structure. Atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering experiments revealed that the buckwheat starch granules were polygonal in shape and were in the range of 2 to 19 μm in diameter. The optimized acid hydrolysis process produced nanocrystals with the shape of spherical structure with lengths ranging from 120 to 200 nm, and the diameter from 4 to 30 nm from aqueous suspensions of buckwheat starch solution. The sorption isotherms on buckwheat starch nanocrystal/glycerol composite exhibited a 3-stage transition of moisture in the blending. The biocompatible nature of buckwheat starch nanocrystals and their structural properties make them a promising green nanocomposite material. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Buckwheat starches had never been studied on a nanoscale, but we have achieved new understanding of starch granule morphology and concentric growth rings using nanoscale imaging. Since buckwheat is an underutilized crop, we foresee the potential application of buckwheat starch, starch-based nanocrystals, and nanoparticles, to expand markets and encourage producers to expand their buckwheat acreage. The atomic force image analysis suggests that buckwheat starch could be used as a new biopolymer material in food industries.     

In vitro potential of flavonoids from tartary buckwheat on antioxidants activity and starch digestibility

The effects of various flavonoids of Tartary buckwheat (rutin-enhanced flavonoid extract [REFE and quercetin-enhanced flavonoid extract [QEFE]) and individual flavonoids (rutin, quercetin and kaempferol) on the antioxidant activity, inhibition of α-glucosidases and α-amylase and starch digestibility were evaluated. Quercetin possessed the highest antioxidant activity and inhibition of α-glucosidases and α-amylase activity followed by kaempferol and rutin. REFE and QEFE have similar antioxidant and inhibition of α-amylase activities, but QEFE has much higher α-glucosidases inhibition than REFE. Tartary buckwheat flour has the lowest content of rapidly digestible starch and predicted glycaemic index (pGI) compared to maize flour, wheat flour and rice flour. Addition of rutin and quercetin to wheat flour showed a weak or no effect on digestion inhibition, but they inhibited starch digestion under solid complex conditions. Our results may help explain the benefits of supplementing the diet with food rich in flavonoids.     

湿热和韧化处理对荞麦淀粉结构及消化特性的影响

为研究湿热和韧化改性荞麦淀粉的消化机制,分别在体系水分含量为15%、20%、25%、30%,温度为100℃的条件和料液比为1:5,体系温度为30℃、40℃、50℃、60℃对荞麦淀粉进行湿热和韧化处理,测定了湿热和韧化处理前后荞麦淀粉的理化性质和消化特性。结果表明：湿热和韧化处理并未改变荞麦淀粉原有的A-型结晶结构,但淀粉的糊化焓显著降低,从7.96J/g分别降低到6.68J/g和2.77J/g。微观结构表明,淀粉颗粒表面出现裂痕和凹陷。同时,经过湿热和韧化处理后的荞麦淀粉中慢消化淀粉（SDS）和抗性淀粉（RS）含量出现不同程度的改变,表现为湿热处理过程中SDS含量增加（HMT-25,HMT-30除外）,RS含量减少,而韧化处理只有（ANN-50）提高了RS的含量,SDS含量也出现了增加（ANN-40,ANN-60除外）。结论：荞麦淀粉可以通过湿热和韧化改变理化结构从而改变消化速率。     

干热处理对荞麦淀粉物化和结构特征的影响

为了扩大荞麦淀粉在食品领域的应用,研究干热处理对荞麦淀粉物化特性和结构的修饰效果,将荞麦淀粉分别于120、130、140、150、160、170℃干热处理30 min.结果 表明:干热处理使荞麦淀粉的峰值黏度、最终黏度等RVA相关黏度参数、起糊温度、凝胶化起始温度、凝胶化峰值温度、凝胶化焓值、结晶度均降低,温度高于13...     

Antimicrobial activity of buckwheat starch films containing zinc oxide nanoparticles against Listeria monocytogenes on mushrooms

Buckwheat starch (BS) films containing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO‐N; 0%, 1.5%, 3% and 4.5%) were prepared, and their physical, optical and antimicrobial properties were examined. As ZnO‐N content increased from 0% to 4.5%, TS increased from 14.99 to 19.09 MPa and E decreased from 25.60% to 20.65%. In addition, L* and a* values decreased, whereas b*, ΔE and opacity increased. Regarding antimicrobial activity, the BS/ZnO‐N films had the reductions of 2.96–3.74 log CFU mL^?1 against Listeria monocytogenes after 8 h based on viable cell count assay. The BS film containing 3% ZnO‐N, an optimal concentration chosen in this study, was applied to fresh‐cut mushroom packaging, and the film exhibited antimicrobial activity against L. monocytogenes, resulting in a reduction of 0.86 log CFU g^?1 after 6 days of storage. Thus, these results indicate that the BS/ZnO‐N film can be used as a biodegradable packaging material.